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Survival of the fittest or survival of the nicest? Since the dawn of time man has contemplated the mystery of altruism, but it was Darwin who posed the question most starkly. From the selfless ant to the stinging bee to the man laying down his life for a stranger, evolution has yielded a goodness that in theory should never be. Set against the sweeping tale of 150 years of scientific attempts to explain kindness, The Price of Altruism tells for the first time the moving story of the eccentric American genius George Price (1922-1975), as he strives to answer evolution's greatest riddle.

Wild elephants walking along a trail stop and spontaneously try to protect and assist a weak and dying fellow elephant. Laboratory rats, finding other rats caged nearby in distressing circumstances, proceed to rescue them. A chimpanzee in a zoo loses his own life trying to save an unrelated infant who has fallen into a watery moat.

Einstein's steadfast refusal to accept certain aspects of quantum theory was rooted in his insistence that physics has to be about reality. Accordingly, he once derided as spooky action at a distance the notion that two elementary particles far removed from each other could nonetheless influence each others propertiesa hypothetical phenomenon his fellow theorist Erwin Schrdinger termed quantum entanglement.

Without our domesticated plants and animals, human civilization as we know it would not exist. We would still be living at subsistence level as hunter-gatherers if not for domestication. It is no accident that the cradle of civilization - the Middle East - is where sheep, goats, pigs, cattle, and cats commenced their fatefully intimate associations with humans.

Today, taxonomy is viewed by many as an outdated field, one nearly irrelevant to the rest of science and of even less interest to the rest of the world. Now, as Carol Kaesuk Yoon reminds us in Naming Nature, taxonomy is critically important, because it turns out to be much more than mere science. It is also the latest incarnation of a long-unrecognized human practice that has gone on across the globe, in every culture, in every language since before time: the deeply human act of ordering and naming the living world.

Alva Noë is one of a new breed - part philosopher, part cognitive scientist, part neuroscientist - who are radically altering the study of consciousness by asking difficult questions and pointing out obvious flaws in the current science. In Out of Our Heads, he restates and reexamines the problem of consciousness, and then proposes a startling solution: Do away with the 200-year-old paradigm that places consciousness within the confines of the brain.

The medieval Catholic Church, widely considered a source of intolerance and inquisitorial fervor, was not anti-science during the Dark Ages - in fact, the pope in the year 1000 was the leading mathematician and astronomer of his day. Called The Scientist Pope, Gerbert of Aurillac rose from peasant beginnings to lead the church. By turns a teacher, traitor, kingmaker, and visionary, Gerbert is the first Christian known to teach math using the nine Arabic numerals and zero.

Ever since Darwin and The Descent of Man, the existence of humans has been attributed to our intelligence and adaptability. But in Catching Fire, renowned primatologist Richard Wrangham presents a startling alternative: our evolutionary success is the result of cooking. In a groundbreaking theory of our origins, Wrangham shows that the shift from raw to cooked foods was the key factor in human evolution.

In Idiot Brain, Dr. Dean Burnett celebrates blind spots, blackouts, insomnia, and all the other downright laughable things our minds do to us while also exposing the many mistakes we've made in our quest to understand how our brains actually work. This is the best kind of popular science - lucid, funny, and whip smart - from a debut author who will be tickling funny bones and firing neurons for a long time to come.

Follow the trails of hunters - the original storytellers - as they interpret signs, examine tracks, and chase and catch their prey (or fail to). Listeners can curl up with the best authentic hunting fiction and non-fiction, bringing the great Mount Kenya and the prairies of the American Bison into your living room. From Theodore Roosevelt and Gene Hill to Rick Bass and Charles Dickens, remember classic hunting tales and discover new stories of hunters’ luck, camaraderie, and use of smarts on the trail.

What is archaeology? The word may bring to mind images of golden pharaohs and lost civilizations or Neanderthal skulls and Ice Age cave art. Archaeology is all of these, but also far more: the only science to encompass the entire span of human history - more than three million years! This Little History tells the riveting stories of some of the great archaeologists and their amazing discoveries around the globe.

Where does DNA come from? What is consciousness? How did the eye evolve? Drawing on a treasure trove of new scientific knowledge, Nick Lane expertly reconstructs evolution's history by describing its 10 greatest inventions - from sex and warmth to death - resulting in a stunning account of nature's ingenuity.

■因果を求めない人工知能の世界 先日、人工知能に関する事業をしている人と合う機会がありました。 僕の会社が展開している採用系のサービスでも、人工知能などを用いることで、 マッチング部分でもっと手間を省いた方が絶対にいいと思っている。会社側がどういった人を求めているのか、応募者がどういった会社を望んでいるのかっていうことは、履歴書にたくさん文章を書けば伝わる問題でもないから。 もちろん最後は人間が面談することが必要なんだけど、その手前で機械ができる ことの精度を高められれば、可能性が広がるんじゃないかな。 例えばビッグデータやディープラーニング。これらは、今のトレンドといっちゃ あトレンドです。大量のデータを処理することで、あらゆることの確率が表で表 せるようになる。」(本文より) 家入一真　「家入学級」はこちらから→ http://yakan-hiko.com/ieiri.html

A revolutionary approach to the techniques of working with horses, by a renowned instructor. In Horses Never Lie, renowned horse trainer Mark Rashid challenges the conventional wisdom of "alpha leadership" and teaches the listener to become a "passive leader" - a counterpart to the kind of horse other members of a herd choose to associate with and to follow. Applying Rashid’s principles and techniques helps cultivate horse personalities that are responsive and dependable regardless of the rider.

Pourquoi y a-t-il des atomes, des planètes et des humains plutôt que rien ? Comment pouvons-nous aimer, créer, croire, agir, penser... alors que notre cerveau est le fruit des lois déterministes de la physique ? La conscience est-elle apparue par la seule grâce du hasard ? Et si les étoiles sont appelées à terme à se consumer, les galaxies à se disperser et les trous noirs à s'évaporer comme l'a prédit Stephen Hawking, quel sens donner à notre existence ?

A dazzling tour of the universe as Einstein saw it. How did Albert Einstein come up with the theories that changed the way we look at the world? By thinking in pictures. Michio Kaku, leading theoretical physicist (a cofounder of string theory) and best-selling science storyteller, shows how Einstein used seemingly simple images to lead a revolution in science. With originality and expertise, Kaku uncovers the surprising beauty that lies at the heart of Einstein's cosmos

各地・各学校でのIT機器（主にタブレット）の導入について、筆者なりの「現場への導入はどうあるべきか」「どういう条件を大切にすべきか」という意見を述べてみたい。 ■管理はどうするのか 学校でIT機器を使うということは、児童・生徒だけでなく、教師も含め「不慣れな人の山の中で使う」ことである。まあ、すばらしくよくわかっている先生・生徒がいる場合もかなりの割合で想定できるのだが、そうした人々には依存しないように全体戦略を立てるのが望ましい。 そういう意味で考えると、「管理」は2つの観点で成り立っている。(本文より)小寺・西田の「金曜ランチビュッフェ　はこちらから→http://yakan-hiko.com/kode-nishi.html

“フォーブスのトップ200社など、世界のトップ企業が採用するセキュリティ技術とは？”などと書くと、どこかの広告のようだが、大手企業が契約しているサイバーセキュリティ技術はイスラエルの、ごく一部の企業に集中している。以前から漠然と疑問に思っていたのだが、偶然にも自動車のサイバーセキュリティに関して取材をしているときにその理由を知った。ご存知のとおりイスラエルは地理、政治、宗教などにおいて複雑な状況にあり、日常的にテロの脅威にさらされている。このため諜報機関や軍事組織が発達していることはご存知だろう。国民皆徴兵制で、多くの国民は高校卒業後、大学に入る前に徴兵義務をこなすという。(本文より)本田雅一　続・モバイル通信リターンズはこちらから→http://yakan-hiko.com/honda.html

Quali meccanismi sociali presiedono alla formazione di reazioni allarmate verso gli inceneritori, il Tav in Val di Susa o il Tap in Salento? Come vengono promossi comportamenti antiadattivi, che portano molti a rifiutare i vaccini o la chemioterapia e, al contempo, a dare credito a cure alternative prive di supporto scientifico?

Lost Enlightenment recounts how, between the years 800 and 1200, Central Asia led the world in trade and economic development, the size and sophistication of its cities, the refinement of its arts, and, above all, in the advancement of knowledge in many fields. Central Asians achieved signal breakthroughs in astronomy, mathematics, geology, medicine, chemistry, music, social science, philosophy, and theology, among other subjects.