検索キーワード： 哲学

Im Jahr 1849 schrieb Henry David Thoreau seinen weltberühmten Essay über die "Pflicht zum Ungehorsam gegen den Staat". In diesem stellte er sich außerhalb einer Gesellschaft, die, obwohl auf den Prinzipien der Freiheit und Gleichheit aller gegründet, nicht in der Lage war, die Sklaverei abzuschaffen. Neben "Walden" der wohl berühmteste Text des Eigenbrötlers aus den Wäldern von Massachusetts.

Das kommunistische Manifest ist wahrlich eines der bekanntesten Werke der Welt - doch wer kennt wirklich seinen Inhalt? Beim Hören wird klar, dass einiges heute überholt ist - während erstaunlich Vieles auch heute noch Bestand und Gültigkeit hat!

Wenige Begriffe haben in der letzten Zeit eine größere Konjunktur gehabt als das Wort "Vertrauen". Eine solche Konjunktur verweist auf ein erhebliches Defizit, gerät aber auch in die Gefahr, Überdruss zu wecken, weil man das Wort nicht mehr hören kann. Hilfreich dagegen könnte es sein, sich anhand der Ideengeschichte die historische Kontinuität und die grundsätzliche Bedeutung des Zusammenhangs von Vertrauen und freiheitlichem Zusammenleben vor Augen zu führen, um die Wiederholungen der Tagesdebatten für einen Augenblick zu verlassen.

"Man hält die Heimat für den relativ permanenten, die Wohnung für den auswechselbaren, übersiedelbaren Standort. Das Gegenteil ist richtig: Man kann die Heimat auswechseln oder keine haben, aber man muß immer, gleichgültig wo, wohnen. Der Mensch kann überall wohnen: unter den Pariser Brücken, in Zigeunerkarawanen, in den Hütten der Paulistaner Favelas und sogar in Auschwitz. Er ist wie die Ratte - kosmopolitisch... Wer aus der Heimat vertrieben wird (oder den Mut aufbringt, von dort zu fliehen), der leidet."

In "La stella nera", Gary Lachman offre una panoramica sulle radici dei movimenti di pensiero occulto che hanno dato forma al fenomeno Trump (dal pensiero positivo al New Thought, dal Tradizionalismo di Guénon ed Evola, a oscuri personaggi dell'esoterismo francese). I principali protagonisti della politica internazionale esprimono, secondo Lachman, una visione del mondo che ha molto a che fare con la "magia", intesa come capacità di alterare il reale attraverso l'immaginazione o l'uso dei simboli della memetica su internet.

Lungo tutta la storia moderna molti intellettuali europei ed americani - da Machiavelli a Rousseau, da Adam Smith agli autori del "Federalist", da Herder a Hegel e a Nietzsche - hanno guardato alle esperienze della politica antica di Greci e Romani. Ne sono nate riflessioni volte a individuare somiglianze e differenze rispetto alla situazione politica del proprio tempo. Questo fecondo confronto ha consentito l'elaborazione di una serie di nozioni tuttora alla base del pensiero politico contemporaneo.

"Le Prince" est un traité politique écrit au début du XVIe siècle par Nicolas Machiavel, homme politique et écrivain florentin. Ce livre audio montre comment devenir prince, et le rester. D'aucuns pourrait dire que les princes d'alors sont les dirigeants d'aujourd'hui. Machiavel analyse des exemples de l'histoire antique et de l'histoire italienne de l'époque, et en tire des enseignements. Cet ouvrage est universel et intemporel car il ne donne pas de conseils moraux. Le seul objectif est de conquérir le pouvoir puis de le conserver, par tous les moyens.

Alexis-Henri-Charles Clérel, vicomte de Tocqueville, né à Paris en 1805 et mort à Cannes en 1859, est un philosophe politique et un historien. Il est le précurseur de la sociologie. Toute l'œuvre de Tocqueville repose sur la foi qu'il a pour le progrès de l'égalité et des conditions entre les êtres humains.

El arte de la guerra ha provocado numerosos estudios y reinterpretaciones por parte de filósofos, historiadores, estrategas militares o artistas. Thoreau dice que la naturaleza no habla a través del poeta, sino junto a él. De la misma forma, las enseñanzas de Sun Tzu se despliegan de la mano de las esculturas realizadas por Ortega para la presente edición, que así amplía su estudio sobre esta obra, después de haber realizado una serie de películas basadas en el libro.

Today, democracy is the world's only broadly accepted political system, and yet it has become synonymous with disappointment and crisis. How did it come to this? In Can Democracy Work? James Miller, the author of the classic history of 1960s protest Democracy Is in the Streets, offers a lively, surprising, and urgent history of the democratic idea from its first stirrings to the present. As he shows, democracy has always been rife with inner tensions.

Martin Luther King Jr. may be America's most revered political figure, commemorated in statues, celebrations, and street names around the world. But despite his stature, the significance of King's writings and political thought remains underappreciated. In To Shape a New World, Tommie Shelby and Brandon Terry state that the marginalization of King's ideas reflects a romantic consensus history that renders the civil rights movement inherently conservative - an effort not at radical reform but at "living up to" enduring ideals laid down by the nation's founders.

What moral values do human beings hold in common? As globalization draws us together economically, are our values converging or diverging? In particular, are human rights becoming a global ethic? These were the questions that led Michael Ignatieff to embark on a three-year, eight-nation journey in search of answers. The Ordinary Virtues presents Ignatieff's discoveries and his interpretation of what globalization - and resistance to it - is doing to our conscience and our moral understanding. 

In a world rife with willful chaos, how can order be restored? Philosopher Thomas Hobbes’s answer, composed amid the violence of the English Civil War, revolutionized political thought. His solution was a commonwealth, or Leviathan, a body politic ruled and protected by an absolute sovereign. Its power would be dependent on the people to exchange their freedom for the security and order of a common law. Only with this social contract, Hobbes argued, can civil peace be established.

To the modern mind, the idea of honor is outdated, sexist, and barbaric. It evokes Hamilton and Burr and pistols at dawn, not visions of a well-organized society. But for philosopher Tamler Sommers, a sense of honor is essential to living moral lives. In Why Honor Matters, Sommers argues that our collective rejection of honor has come at great cost. Reliant only on Enlightenment liberalism, the United States has become the home of the cowardly, the shameless, the selfish, and the alienated. Properly channeled, honor encourages virtues like courage, integrity, and solidarity.

Is philanthropy, by its very nature, a threat to today's democracy? Though we may laud wealthy individuals who give away their money for society's benefit, Just Giving reveals how such generosity not only isn't the unassailable good we think it to be but might also undermine democratic values and set back aspirations of justice. 

The Lost History of Liberalism challenges our most basic assumptions about a political creed that has become a rallying cry - and a term of derision - in today's increasingly divided public square. Taking listeners from ancient Rome to today, Helena Rosenblatt traces the evolution of the words "liberal" and "liberalism", revealing the heated debates that have taken place over their meaning. In this timely and provocative book, Rosenblatt debunks the popular myth of liberalism as a uniquely Anglo-American tradition centered on individual rights.

Ascoltare il "Manifesto del Partito Comunista" è un'esperienza sorprendente. Pubblicato per la prima volta nel 1848, il testo scritto da Karl Marx e Friedrich Engels è infatti ancora oggi attualissimo. Per decenni al centro di studi, discussioni e polemiche, il "Manifesto del Partito Comunista" resta un documento imprescindibile per capire la storia contemporanea e moderna, ma è anche un valido strumento per affacciarsi in maniera più consapevole sul mondo contemporaneo.

Every American benefits every day from the phenomenal productivity of the free market, so why do so many people feel guilty or skeptical about our business system? In this passionately argued, eye-opening book, talk-radio star and best-selling author Michael Medved provides detailed and devastating rebuttals to the most widely circulated smears against capitalism.

Professor Block's book is among the most famous of the great defenses of victimless crimes and controversial economic practices, from profiteering and gouging to bribery and blackmail. However, beneath the surface, this book is also an outstanding work of microeconomic theory that explains the workings of economic forces in everyday events and affairs.

In American Awakening, Joshua Mitchell compares today’s secular politics of identity - skin tone, gender, and sexuality - to the religious awakenings of America’s past. The book asks where the clerisy of identity politics came from, how identity politics claimed a death grip on liberalism, and how can it be defeated.