検索キーワード： 歴史

Nearly six hundred years ago, a short, genial, cannily alert man in his late 30s took a very old manuscript off a library shelf, saw with excitement what he had discovered, and ordered that it be copied. That book was the last surviving manuscript of an ancient Roman philosophical epic by Lucretius—a beautiful poem containing the most dangerous ideas: that the universe functioned without the aid of gods, that religious fear was damaging to human life, and that matter was made up of very small particles.

Sokrates ist wegen Unfrömmigkeit angeklagt. Welches Strafmaß soll ergehen? In seiner Verteidiungsrede, die zu einer der Grundlagen der Philosophie geworden ist, zeigt Sokrates: Die Wahrheit ist das höchste Gut - und Eigeninteressen müssen dahinter zurückstehen. Ein packendes Hörerlebnis.

Epictetus, a Greek stoic and freed slave, ran a thriving philosophy school in Nicropolis in the early second century AD. His animated discussions were celebrated for their rhetorical wizardry and were written down by Arrian, his most famous pupil. Together with the Enchiridion, a manual of his main ideas, and the fragments collected here, The Discourses argue that happiness lies in learning to perceive exactly what is in our power to change and what is not, and in embracing our fate to live in harmony with god and nature.

The philosophy of Ancient Greece provides the background of Western ethical thought and politics. In this approachable introduction, Hugh Griffith, a leading translator of Plato, covers the main ground from the Pre-Socratics through Plato, Aristotle, the Stoics, and the Epicureans.

The Republic, Plato's masterwork, was first enjoyed 2,400 years ago and remains one of the most widely read books in the world. Presented as a dialogue between Plato's teacher Socrates and various interlocutors, it is an exhortation to philosophy, inviting its listeners to reflect on the choices to be made if we are to live the best life available to us. This complex, dynamic work creates a picture of an ideal society governed not by the desire for money, power or fame, but by philosophy, wisdom and justice.

"Auch der Mutigste von uns hat nur selten den Mut zu dem, was er eigentlich weiß ..."(Friedrich Nietzsche: Götzendämmerung)Eine heitere Psychologie bedarf des unverstellten Blickes, der "fröhlichen Wissenschaft", der offenen phänomenologischen Schau. Auch wenn man bei einigem in diesem Buch, wie z.B. den Ausführungen über das Bild des Sokrates, zurückschrecken mag, die Einforderung Nietzsches des unbedingt freien Blicks steht - bis heute - spannungsvoll im Raum."Ich mißtraue allen Systematikern und gehe ihnen aus dem Weg. Der Wille zum System ist ein Mangel an Rechtschaffenheit.

Feeling overwhelmed by stress, negativity, or chaos? It's time to take control of your mind and rediscover your inner strength! Stoicism for Beginners: A Complete Collection of Daily Stoic Wisdom is your ultimate guide to calm, clarity, and confidence—through every twist and turn life may bring.

Written in Greek by an intellectual Roman emperor without any intention of publication, the Meditations of Marcus Aurelius offer a wide range of fascinating spiritual reflections and exercises developed as the leader struggled to understand himself and make sense of the universe. Spanning from doubt and despair to conviction and exaltation, they cover such diverse topics as the question of virtue, human rationality, the nature of the gods and Aurelius's own emotions.

Distilled to its essence, the ancient Greco-Roman philosophy known as Stoicism is a philosophy of personal betterment. Professor Pigliucci, who knows firsthand just how transformative a Stoic approach to life can be, has designed these 25 lessons as an enlightening introduction to the basics of Stoic philosophy and ways to incorporate its lessons into your own life.

Rüdiger Safranski beschreibt die Epoche der Romantik und ihre Zeitgenossen, die für die Entfesselung des Genies stehen, für den Aufbruch und die Lust am Experiment...

It was with Human, All Too Human, first published in 1878, that Nietzsche developed the aphoristic style that so suited his challenging views and uncompromising style. The text is divided into three main sections: 'Of the First and Last Things', 'History of the Moral Feelings' and 'The Religious Life'.

Das zweite Buch des ersten Bandes des Klassikers. "Ich gehöre zu den Lesern Schopenhauers", schrieb Friedrich Nietzsche, "welche, nachdem sie die erste Seite von ihm gelesen haben, mit Bestimmtheit wissen, dass sie alle Seiten lesen und auf jedes Wort hören werden, das er überhaupt gesagt hat". Und so wie es Nietzsche mit der Lektüre von Schopenhauer ging, so ging - und geht es bis heute - vielen, die an tieferen Einsichten in die Möglichkeiten und Bedingtheiten unserer Erkenntnisfähigkeit in die Welt interessiert sind.

For the ancients, everything worth pursuing in life flowed from a strong sense of justice—or one’s commitment to doing the right thing, no matter how difficult. In order to be courageous, wise, and self-disciplined, one must begin with justice. The influence of the modern world often tells us that acting justly is optional. Holiday argues that that’s simply untrue—and the fact that so few people today have the strength to stand by their convictions explains much about why we’re so unhappy.

Born a slave, the Roman Stoic philosopher Epictetus (c. 55-135 AD) taught that mental freedom is supreme, since it can liberate one anywhere, even in a prison. In How to Be Free, A. A. Long - one of the world's leading authorities on Stoicism and a pioneer in its remarkable contemporary revival - provides a superb new edition of Epictetus's celebrated guide to the Stoic philosophy of life (the Encheiridion) along with a selection of related reflections in his Discourses.

For more than two millennia, philosophers have grappled with life's most profound and "eternal" questions. It is easy to forget, however, that these questions about fundamental issues like justice, injustice, virtue, vice, or happiness were not always eternal. They once had to be asked for the first time. This was a step that could place the inquirer beyond the boundaries of the law. And the Athenian citizen and philosopher who took that courageous step in the 5th century B.C. was Socrates.

This audiobook is the most affordable version of Meditations by Marcus Aurelius that also has high quality, masterfully engineered audio. We modify audio for your pleasure. We use a computer-assisted dynamic-leveling process to ensure audio stays within an optimal listening range. Noise-gate technology is used in all books to eliminate all background and room noise disturbances for your enjoyment of the book. We are dedicated to providing you with the best possible audio experience at the best possible price. Enjoy this classic to the fullest!

Distinguished author of Mortal Questions and The View from Nowhere sets forth the central problems of philosophical inquiry for the beginning student. Arguing that the best way to learn about philosophy is to think about its questions directly, Thomas Nagel considers possible solutions to nine problems - knowledge of the world beyond our minds, knowledge of other minds, the mind-body problem, free will, the basis of morality, right and wrong, the nature of death, the meaning of life, and the meaning of words.

A series of spiritual exercises filled with wisdom, practical guidance, and profound understanding of human behavior, Marcus Aurelius’s Meditations remains one of the greatest works of spiritual and ethical reflection ever written.

Augustine was arguably the greatest early Christian philosopher. His teachings had a profound effect on medieval scholarship, Renaissance humanism, and the religious controversies of both the Reformation and the Counter-Reformation. Here, Henry Chadwick places Augustine in his philosophical and religious context and traces the history of his influence on Western thought, both within and beyond the Christian tradition.

"Wie man wird, was man ist." So beschreibt Friedrich Nietzsche (1844 - 1900) seine autobiografische Schrift, in der er rückblickend Deutungen seiner eigenen philosophischen Schriften darlegt. Er ist dabei keinesfalls bescheiden, sondern präsentiert seine Erkenntnisse als schicksalhafte Ereignisse von globaler Bedeutung. "Ecce Homo" ist das letzte Werk vor seinem Nervenzusammenbruch im Jahre 1889.