Pouria presents with secondary lymphedema following breast cancer treatment. The patient reports heaviness in the arm and mild discomfort but denies significant pain. The affected arm shows a circumference 3 cm greater than the contralateral arm. She has no open wounds or signs of infection. Which compression and therapy strategy is MOST appropriate to manage this patient’s lymphedema?

A) High-stretch bandages to provide consistent pressure during rest and activity

B) Intermittent pneumatic compression at 60 mmHg pressure, followed by elastic sleeve application

C) Short-stretch bandages with manual lymphatic drainage techniques

D) Compression garments with 40-50 mmHg pressure for daily use

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Jafar has a history of atrial fibrillation and reports occasional fatigue and palpitations. His resting heart rate is 96 bpm and irregular, and he takes a beta-blocker. During a six-minute walk test, he experiences mild shortness of breath but completes the test without difficulty. Which consideration is MOST important when developing this patient’s exercise program?

A) Monitor for a target heart rate based on age-predicted max heart rate

B) Use a perceived exertion scale to guide exercise intensity

C) Avoid aerobic exercise due to the risk of arrhythmias

D) Encourage high-intensity intervals to improve cardiovascular function

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Taylor presents with a TBI and is recently learning to transfer from a wheelchair to a bed independently. The therapist aims to facilitate the learning process while minimizing cognitive load. Which training strategy is MOST effective for this stage of motor learning?

A) Massed practice; intrinsic feedback

B) Distributed practice; concurrent feedback

C) Blocked practice; knowledge of results feedback

D) Random practice; knowledge of performance feedback

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Kyle reports sudden posterior ankle pain after jumping, describing it as feeling “kicked.” Examination reveals mild swelling, a palpable gap above the calcaneus, limited active plantarflexion, and inability to perform a single-leg heel raise. Passive range of motion is full and pain-free. Which finding BEST explains the patient’s inability to perform a single-leg heel raise?

A) Tear of the medial ankle stabilizer leading to decreased propulsion strength

B) Inflammation of the plantar aponeurosis causing mechanical restriction

C) Disruption of the calcaneal attachment of the posterior compartment tendon

D) Strain of the posterior compartment musculature limiting force generation

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Martha presents with six weeks of dull, intermittent low back pain. The pain worsens with standing but improves slightly with rest. Examination reveals mild lumbar tenderness and restricted motion. Which line of questioning is MOST important to uncover a potential red flag?

A) “Have you noticed changes in bowel or bladder habits?”

B) “What activities seem to aggravate or relieve your pain?”

C) “Have you experienced an increased heart rate and dizziness upon standing? "

D) “Do you have electric-like shocks extending down part of one leg?

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Gertrude presents with right knee osteoarthritis and is being trained to use a cane. She demonstrates unsteady steps when initiating gait and turning, occasionally placing the cane too far ahead of her. She reports feeling unsure about how to use the cane properly in crowded environments. Which intervention is MOST important to improve the patient’s safety and confidence during cane use?

A) Adjust cane height to ensure proper weight distribution

B) Train safe gait initiation and turning techniques

C) Instruct on cane use in crowded environments

D) Recommend a walker for greater stability

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Betty presents with type 2 diabetes and a non-healing ulcer on the lateral ankle. The ulcer is dry, and the patient reports discomfort in her posterior lower leg with walking. On examination, the affected foot has a capillary refill that is prolonged. Which assessment is MOST important to include during the initial evaluation?

A) Monofilament testing for protective sensation

B) Visual inspection for signs of infection

C) ABI to evaluate vascular supply

D) Toe pressure measurement for microvascular assessment

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Cobert presents with a history of peripheral artery disease and was referred to physical therapy for walking endurance. He reports intermittent claudication in his calves after walking 100 meters and frequently stops to rest. His resting ABI is 0.7 in both legs. The goal is to enhance his functional capacity and quality of life. Which walking program is MOST appropriate to improve this patient’s functional capacity?

A) Treadmill walking at 60% of maximal heart rate, continuous for 30 minutes

B) Walking to the point of moderate pain, resting, and repeating for 30 minutes total

C) Interval walking at high intensity with short rest breaks

D) Walking with partial body weight support to reduce claudication pain

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