[✐4.Allegretto] Whether or not 〜かどうか、〜か

“I’ll ask if it’s convenient.”

[00:08]

Hello, every one. How are you doing? We will practice “whether or not (ka douka)” today.

[00:16]

Please make a sentence with “ka douka” as follows. Then repeat it in plain style, too.

For example,

Will it arrive tomorrow? Please let me know.

→ Please let me know if it will arrive tomorrow or not.

Note: Having said that, this rule may not be followed in real conversations, and there may be no “douka”. E.g. Ashita todoku ka, oshiete kudasai.

Ready?

[00:40]

1. Is this okay? I will (try to) ask.

→ I will ask if this is okay.

2. Are there still tickets available? Shall I check?

→ Shall I check if there are still tickets available?

3. Has the client understood? Do you know?

→ Do you know if the client has understood?

(ryoukai suru = understand, agree)

4. Can I go home now? I will check.

→ I’ll check if I can go home now.

5. Can it meet the deadline? Please ask so.

→ Please ask her/him if s/he can meet the deadline.

(shimekiri = deadline)

6. Can you return it? You’d better ask first.

→ You’d better ask first if you can return it.

(henpin suru = return goods/one’s purchase）

7. Will next month be convenient? I think I will find out next week.

→ I think I will find out next week if it’s convenient next month.

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「つごうが いいか どうか、きいてみます。」

[00:08]

みなさん、こんにちは。おげんきですか。きょうはwhether or not ｢〜かどうか｣をれんしゅうします。

[00:16]

つぎのように、｢〜かどうか｣のぶんをつくってください。そのあと、Plainスタイルもリピートしましょう。

たとえば、

あした とどきますか。おしえてください。

→ あした とどくかどうか、おしえてください。

[Plain] あした とどくかどうか、おしえて。

Note: Having said that, this rule may not be followed in real conversations, and there may be no “douka”. E.g. Ashita todoku ka, oshiete kudasai. E.g. あした とどくか、おしえてください。

いいですか。

[00:40]

1. これでいいですか。きいてみます

→ これでいいかどうか、きいてみます。

[Plain]これ でいいかどうか、きいてみる。

2. まだチケットがありますか、しらべましょうか。

→ まだチケットがあるかどうか、しらべましょうか。

[Plain] まだチケットがあるかどうか、しらべようか？

3. クライエントはりょうかいしましたか、しっていますか。

→ クライエントはりょうかいしたか、しっていますか。

[Plain] クライエントはりょうかいしたか、しってる？

(りょうかいする = understand, agree)

4. もう かえってもいいですか。かくにんします。

→ もう かえってもいいかどうか、かくにんします。

[Plain] もう かえってもいいかどうか、かくにんする。

5. しめきりに まにあいますか。きいてください。

→ しめきりにまにあうかどうか、きいてください。

[Plain]しめきりに まにあうかどうか、きいて。

(しめきり = deadline)

6. へんぴんできますか。さいしょにきいたほうがいいです。

→ へんぴんできるかどうか、さいしょにきいたほうがいいです。

[Plain] へんぴんできるかどうか、さいしょにきいたほうがいいよ。

(へんぴんする = return goods/one’s purchase)

7. らいげつ、つごうがいいですか。らいしゅうには わかるとおもいます。

→ らいげつ、つごうがいいかどうか、らいしゅうには わかるとおもいます。

[Plain] らいげつ、つごうがいいかどうか、らいしゅうにはわかるとおもう。

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Which one is correct, “あした、いきます” or “あしたに、いきます”?

[✐1. Adagio] basic adverbs of time

“I’ll eat (it) tonight.”

[00:07]

Hello, everyone. How are you doing. Let’s start straight away!

Repeat after me

[00:14]

(The Subject could be I/she/he/it/they)

1. I’ll go today.

2. I’ll go tomorrow.

3. I went yesterday.

4. When are you going?

5. When did you go?

6. S/he will come today.

7. S/he will come tomorrow.

8. S/he came yesterday.

9. When will s/he come?

10. When did s/he come?

11. I’ll go home today.

12. I’ll go home tomorrow.

13. I went home yesterday.

14. When are you going home?

15. When did you go home?

Note: kyou, ashia, kinou = Those time words have functions as adverb, so you usually don’t need the particle に(to indicate to do something at a specific time, day, month etc.)

[02:20]

Please answer as follows.

When are you going?

This afternoon

→ I’m going this afternoon.

Ready?

[02:31]

1. When did yougo?

/ yesterday

→ I went yesterday.

2. When are you going?

/ the day after tomorrow

I’m going the day after tomorrow.

3. When are you going?

/ next Wednesday

→ I’m going next Wednesday.

4. When are you going to eat?

/ tonight

→ I’m going to eat tonight.

5. When did you eat?

/ this morning

I ate this morning.

6. When did you come?

/ half a year ago

→ I came half a year ago.

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「こんばん、たべます。」

[00:07]

みなさん、こんにちは。おげんきですか。では、さっそく、はじめましょう。

Repeat after me

[00:14]

1. きょう、いきます。

2. あした、いきます。

3. きのう、いきました。

4. いつ、いきますか。

5. いつ、いきましたか。

6. きょう、きます。

7. あした、きます。

8. きのう、きました。

9. いつ、きますか。

10. いつ、きましたか。

11. きょう、かえります。

12. あした、かえります。

13. きのう、かえりました。

14. いつ、かえりますか。

15. いつ、かえりましたか。

Note: きょう、あした、きのう = Those time words have functions as adverb, so you usually don’t need the particle に(to indicate to do something at a specific time, day, month etc.)

[02:20]

では、つぎのようにこたえましょう。

いつ、いきますか。

きょうのごご

→ きょうのごご、いきます。

いいですか。

[02:31]

1. いつ、いきましたか。

/ きのう

→ きのう、いきました。

2. いつ、いきますか。

あさって

→ あさって、いきます。

3. いつ、いきますか。

らいしゅうのすいようび

→ らいしゅうの すいようびに いきます。

4. いつ、たべますか。

こんばん、

→ こんばん、たべます。

5. いつ、たべましたか。

けさ

→ けさ、たべました。

6. いつ、きましたか。

はんとしまえ

→ はんとしまえに きました。

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We will practice saying “I hear that…” casually. Do not mixed up with だってdatte, which means because; but; after all.

[✐5. Allegro] 〜んだって I hear that, they said that… [in casual conversation]

[V普通(ふつう)+んだって、いA+んだって、なAな+だって、N+だって]

“I hear that it might be cancelled.”

[00:08]

Hello, everyone. How are you doing? We will practice saying “I hear that…” casually.

Note: Do not mixed up with だってdatte, which means because; but; after all.

Repeat after me

(The subject of that-clause can be I/you/she/he/they/it.)

[00:17]

1. I hear that s/he is going out.

2. I hear that s/he prepares.

3. I hear that s/he cancels.

4. I hear that s/he is going to queue up.

5. I hear that it should be mixed.

6. I hear that s/he is attending(commuting).

7. I hear that it should be kept cold.

8. I hear that it hasn’t arrived.

9. I hear that s/he cannot sleep.

10. I hear that s/he was praised.

11. I hear that s/he got engaged.

12. I hear that they’ve got gathered.

13. I hear that s/he is passed away.

14. I hear that it is cancelled.

15. I hear that it’s a souvenier.

16. I hear that s/he is happy.

17. I hear that it’s easy.

18. I hear that it’s tough/strict/hard.

19. I hear that it’s scary.

20. I hear that it was boring.

[03:17]

Now, make a sentence with “ndatte”.

For example,

Already, gone out

→ I hears/he has already gone out.

Ready?

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「中止(ちゅうし)になるかもしれないんだって。」

[00:08]

みなさん、こんにちは。お元気(げんき)ですか。今日(きょう)は、「〜だそうです」を、カジュアルに言(い)う練習(れんしゅう)です。

Note: Do not mixed up with だってdatte, which means because; but; after all.

Repeat after me

[00:17]

1. 出(で)かけるんだって

2. 用意(ようい)するんだって

3. キャンセルするんだって

4. 並(なら)ぶんだって

5. 混(ま)ぜるんだって

6. 通(かよ)っているんだって

7. 冷(ひ)やしておくんだって

8. 届(とど)いていないんだって

9. 寝(ね)られないんだって

10. 褒(ほ)められたんだって

11. 婚約(こんやく)したんだって

12. 集(あつ)まったんだって

13. 亡(な)くなったんだって

14. 中止(ちゅうし)だって

15. お土産(みやげ)だって

16. 幸(しあわ)せだって

17. 楽(らく)だって

18. きびしいんだって

19. こわいんだって

20. つまらなかったんだって

[03:17]

では、次(つぎ)のように「〜んだって」の文(ぶん)を作(つく)ってください。

例(たと)えば、

もう、出(で)かけました

→ もう、出(で)かけたんだって。

いいですか。

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[✐2.Andante, 3.Moderato] Onomatopoeia

“It’s humid (sticky) and hot, isn’t it?”

[00:07]

Hello everyone. How are you doing? We will practice onomatopoeia today. Please try also JS 90.

Note: オノマトペ = A word that expresses various states and movements with sound, including a sensory expression, although the sound is not actually heard.

Even the same onomatopoeia has different meanings depending on the context; e.g. “peko peko” could mean 1) “very hungry”, or 2) “be very humble” or “touch one’s forelock” = “He apologized humbly. / He apologized over and over again.”

[00:18]

First, let’s do on weather. How is the weather? Listen to the onomatopoeia ♫, then repeat the sentence.

Repeat after me

[00:27]

1. za-za-

→ It’s pouring.

2. para para

→ It’s sprinkling.

3. byu-byu-

→ The wind is blowing/wuthering.

4. poka poka

→ It’s warm and feel nice.

5. mushi mushi

→ it’s muggy / very humid.

[01:34]

It’s really muggy in summer in Japan. I will get sweaty!

[01:43]

Now, make a sentence using the hints.

For example,

It rained really heavily yesterday, didn’t it?

[hint] indeed, za-za-

→ Indeed, it was pouring.

Ready?

[02:01]

1. It’s hot today again, isn’t it?

[hint] indeed, mushimushi

→ Indeed, it’s muggy.

2. Spring has come. What a pleasant weather.

[hint] indeed, pokapoka

→ Indeed. It’s warm and feel nice.

3. It was so windy yesterday.

[hint] byu-byu-

→ It was wuthering, wasn’t it?

4. Is it raining there?

[hint] yes, za-za-

→ Yes, it’s pouring.

5. Is it raining there?

[hint] yes, but, para para

→ Yes, but it’s just drizzling.

[03:51]

It’s just drizzling at the moment, so let’s go home before it turns into heavy rain.

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「ムシムシあついですね」

[00:07]

みなさん、こんにちは。おげんきですか。きょうは、オノマトペ*を れんしゅうします。JS 90 もやってみてください。

[00:18]

まずてんきです。どんなてんきですか。♫オノマトペをきいて、それから、ぶんをリピートしてください。

Repeat after me

[00:27]

1. ザーザー

あめが ザーザー ふっています。

2. パラパラ

あめが パラパラふっています。

3. ビュービュー

かぜが ビュービュー ふいています。

4. ぽかぽか

ぽかぽかしてきもちいいです。

5. ムシムシ

きょうも あついですね。ムシムシしますね。

[01:34]

にほんのなつは ムシムシするんです。あせで

びっしょりです！

[01:43]

では、ヒントを つかって ぶんを つくってください。

たとえば、

きのうの あめは すごかったですね。

[hint] そうですね、ザーザー

→ そうですね。ザーザーでしたね。

いいですか。

[02:01]

1. きょうも あついですね。

[hint]そうですね、ムシムシ

→ そうですね。ムシムシしますね。

2. はるですね。いいてんきですね。

[hint] そうですね、ポカポカ

→ そうですね。ポカポカですね。

3. きのうの かぜは すごかったですね。

[hint] ビュービュー

→ ビュービューでしたね。

4. そちらは、あめが ふっていますか？

[hint]はい、ザーザー

→ はい、ザーザーふっています。

5. そちらは、あめが ふっていますか？

[hint] はい、でも、パラパラ

→ はい、でも パラパラです。

[03:51]

いま、あめは パラパラなので、ザーザーになるまえに うちにかえりましょう。

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117 [✐4] common "but" in conversation + shadowing

[✐4. Allegretto] Try role play in Plain Style! [V-Plain + けど 、N/na-Adj + だけど]

Today, we will practice “kedo(but)”. “kedo” connects two opposing statements, and is commonly used both formal and casual situations.

“I eat a lot, though….”

[00:07]

Hello, everyone. How are you doing? Today, we will practice “kedo(but)”. “kedo” connects two opposing statements, and is commonly used both formal and casual situations. You can also soften the blow of the opinion or statement by putting kedo” at the end of the sentence.

[00:30]

First, make it to “kedo” as follows.

For example,

ikimasu (go)

→ ikukedo (I go, but)

Ready?

[00:42]

1. → I eat a lot, but

2. → I go home from now, but

3. → I replaced it, but

4. → I have seen it, but

5. → I entered university, but

6. → It makes strange sound, but

7. → An ambulance came, but

[02:37]

8. → The price has gone up, but

9. → The shirt is dry, but

10. → I invited, but

11. → The size doesn’t fit, but

12. → I was showed around/guided, but

13. → I intended to do it soon, but

14. → I just went there the other day, but

15. → S/he said s/he was going to buy cigarettes, but

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「たくさんたべるけど…。」

[00:07]

みなさん、こんにちは。おげんきですか。きょうは｢〜けど｣をれんしゅうします。“kedo” connects two opposing statements, and is commonly used in daily conversation, both formal and casual situations. You can also soften the blow of the opinion or statement by putting “kedo” at the end of the sentence.

[00:30]

まず、つぎのように「〜けど」に かえてください。

たとえば、

いきます

→ いくけど

いいですか。

[00:42]

1. たくさん たべます

→ たくさんたべるけど

2. これから かえります

→ これからかえるけど

3. とりかえました

→ とりかえたけど

4. みたことがあります

→ みたことがあるけど

5. だいがくに にゅうがくしました

→ だいがくに にゅうがくしたけど

6. へんなおとがします

→ へんなおとがするけど

7. きゅうきゅうしゃがきました

→ きゅうきゅうしゃがきたけど

[02:37]

8. ねだんが あがりました

→ ねだんが あがったけど

9. シャツが かわきました

→ シャツが かわいたけど

10. さそいました

→ さそったけど

11. サイズが あいません

→ サイズが あわないけど

12. あんないしてもらいました

→ あんないしてもらったけど

13. すぐに するつもりでした

→ すぐに するつもりだったけど

14. このまえ いったばかりです

→ このまえ いったばかりだけど

15. たばこを かいにいくと いっていました

→ たばこを かいにいくと いっていたけど

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Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

[✐3.Moderato] Conditional: -eba 〜ば いいですか、i-adjective, noun：〜nara 「リクエストがあれば、おしえてください。」
“If you have a request, let me know.”
[00:08]
Hello, everyone. We begin with reviewing 3 forms; Masu-, Jisho- and Jouken(conditional)-Kei(forms).
Repeat after me
[00:17]
1.  eat
2.  see/watch/look
3.  be
4.  fall(rain, snow)
5.  read
6.  go
7.  hear/listen
8.  meet/see
9.  buy
10.  call
11.  do
12.  come
[01:38]
There are Jouken(conditional)-kei(form) of na- and i-adjectives.  Note that “〜nara” follows after adjectives and nouns.
Repeat after me
[01:51]
1.  good
2.  bad
3.  high/tall/expensive
4.  cheap
5.  clean/beautiful
6.  free/disengaged/leisure
7.  quiet
8.  rain
9.  snow
10.  spring
[02:45]
Now let’s practice with sentences.
Repeat after me
[02:48]
1.  If you walk, it’s about 20 minutes to the station.
2.  If you go to that 100-yen shop, you can buy almost anything.
3.  If you have a question, ask me.
4.  If you eat this, you’ll be fine.
5.  If it’s clear on weekend, I will play tennis.
6.  If it snows, it’s “White Christmas”, isn’t it?
7.  If you read this, you will understand it well.
8.  If you take the medicine, you will get better.
9.  If you call the police, they will come soon.
10.  If you buy two, the third one is half price.
11.  When it comes to coffee, I recommend you that café.
12.  Where should I write my name?
13.  I’d like to go to Asakusa, but how can I go(get) there?
14.  I don’t know how to use this. What should I do?
[05:31]
Make a sentence as follows;
For example,
Tomorrow rain, cancel
→  If it rains tomorrow, it will be cancelled.
Here we go.

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[✐2 Andante] Today’s topic is adverbs. Adverbs add depth to your conversation. Use more adverbs!

“I slept deeply.”

[00:07]

Hello, everyone. How are you doing? Today’s topic is adverbs. Adverbs add depth to your conversation.

[00:17]

First, listen to the key words [KW] and then repeat the sentence.

[00:22]

1. [KW] deeply, sleep

→ I slept deeply.

2. [KW] soon, autumn

→ It will be autumn soon.

3. [KW] immediately/shortly, contact

→ I will contact you shortly.

4. [KW] slowly [here means relaxing], bath

→ Please take a nice long bath.

5. [KW] this way, straight

→ If you go straight this road/way, you’ll find it.

6. [KW] by foot, 10 minutes

→ It’s about 10-minute walk.

7. [KW] a little, rest

→ Please get rest a bit.

8. [KW] Tokyo, much/far, big

→ Tokyo is far bigger.

9. [KW] myself, make

→ I made it myself.

10. [KW] early/soon, go home

→ I want to go home soon.

So far so good? We continue.

1. [KW] oneself, go home

→ I can go home alone.

2. [KW] maybe, go

→ Maybe I will go tomorrow.

3. [KW] often, go on trips

→ I go often go on trips.

4. [KW] in total, how much

→ How much is it in total?

5. [KW] people, a lot

→ There are a lot of people.

6. [KW] never, have an absence

→ I was never absent (never had a day off).

7. [KW] mostly/roughly/about, understand

→ I understand for the most part.

8. [KW] at all/simply*, understand

→ I don’t understand at all.

9. [KW] struggling to/difficult to*, improve

→ It’s hard to improve.

10. [KW] not really, like

→ I don’t really like it.

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「ぐっすり ねむりました。」

[00:07]

みなさん、こんにちは。おげんきですか。きょうはふくしadverbです。ふくしをつかうと、かいわにふかさがでますよ。

[00:17]

まず、キーワード[KW]をきいてから、ぶんをリピートしてください。

[00:22]

1. [KW] ぐっすり、ねむります

→ ぐっすり ねむりました。

2. [KW] もうすぐ、あき

→ もうすぐ、あきに なりますね。

3. [KW] すぐに、れんらく

→ すぐに れんらくします。

4. [KW] ゆっくり、おふろ

→ ゆっくり おふろに はいってください。

5. [KW] このみち、まっすぐ

→ このみちをまっすぐいくと、ありますよ。

6. [KW] あるいて、10ぷん

→ あるいて、10ぷんくらいです。

7. [KW] すこし、やすみます

→ すこし やすんでください。

8. [KW] とうきょう、ずっと、おおきい

→ とうきょうのほうが、ずっとおおきいです。

9. [KW] じぶんで、つくります

→ じぶんでつくりました。

10. [KW] はやく、かえります

→ はやく、かえりたいです。

[02:52]

ここまでOKですか。まだ つづきますよ。

[02:56]

1. [KW] ひとりで、かえります

→ ひとりで かえることができます。

2. [KW] たぶん、いきます

→ たぶん、あした いきます。

3. [KW] よく、りょこう

→ よく りょこうにいきます。

4. [KW] ぜんぶで、いくら

→ ぜんぶで いくらですか。

5. [KW] ひと、たくさん

→ ひとがたくさんいました。

6. [KW] いちども*、やすみます

→ いちども やすみませんでした。

7. [KW] だいたい、わかります

→ だいたい わかります。

8. [KW] ぜんぜん*、わかります

→ ぜんぜん、わかりません。

9. [KW] なかなか**、じょうたつします

→ なかなか じょうたつしません。

10. [KW] あまり*、すきです

→ あまり、すきじゃないです。

*Those adverbs can only be used with a negative predicate.

** なかなかnakanaka: hier, it is used in an implied negative context.

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Need more translation & transcript? Become a patron: More episodes with full translation and Japanese transcripts. Members-only podcast feed for your smartphone app. Japanese Swotter on Patreon
Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.

[✐all levels] 「(N)なら、(N)です」: in the case of, then, in the event that, if it is, if so〜, when it comes to
[00:07]
Hello, everyone.
“Sushi nara Wasabi desu” would be; “If it is Sushi, you eat with Wasabi (not with Ketchup)”, for example. This translation is just one of many.

“〜nara,〜desu” means;  in the case of, in the event that, if so, when it comes to etc, and the meaning varies with different contexts. We use only nouns to construct this pattern today. So it’s easy.

Repeat the sentence and think about the meaning. Then check my sample translation.  I say “sample”, because there could be more possibile translations.  Here we go.

(There may be different translations depending on the context or background. )

Repeat after me
[00:59]
1.  If you want to visit Japan, you should go in Spring.
My favourite season in Japan is Spring.
If you want to know when is the best season in Japan, it is Spring.
2.  If you want to visit Japan, you should go to Kyoto.
When it comes to Japan, Kyoto is the most popular city.
If you go to Japan, you should visit Kyoto.
3.  If you are in Tokyo, you should go to Asakusa.
If I were asked which area in Tokyo to visit, I would say Asakusa.
One of the most popular touristic area in Tokyo is Asakusa.
4.  If it is Anime,  (I recommend) Doraemon.
5.  If you ask me which movie I like, it is French movies.
In case you want to watch a film, I recommend a french film.
6.  If it rains on weekend, the barbecue will be cancelled.
7.  If it is tomorrow, I have time.
8.  In terms of alcohol, if it is a little bit, I’m OK. (=I can drink a little alcohol).
9.  When it comes to smartphone, this model should be the one. (= I recommend
this model. )
10.  If it is only Hiragana, it is fine.  (=I can read/manage if it is written only in
Hiragana.)
[02:31]
Now, make a sentence.
For example;
Sushi, toro(tuna)
→ If you eat Sushi, try Toro(Tuna).
(Again, those are sample translations.)
Are you ready?
[02:40]
1.→ If you eat Sushi, eat with Soy source and wasabi.
2.→ If you want to know where to go skiing, I’d say Hokkaido.
3.→ When it comes to shopping, I suggest to go to Shinjuku.
4. → If it rains heavily, I will take a taxi.
5.  → If asked who will be the next prime minister, I’d say Tabe san.

Dialogue (Plain Style)
[04:02]
A:  ah I’m hungry.
B:  If you are thinking of a packed lunch, you should try department store’s basement food floor. It’s amazing. Lots of choices!
A:  But I feel like eating Ramen, though.
B:  ah, Ramen?.  If it’s Ramen, the Ramen shop in front of the station is good.  If my memory is correct, the name of the shop is…..

Repeat after me (in Masu Style)
[04:25]
1.  → I’m hungry.
2.  → If you like a packed lunch, try a department store’s basement food floor.
3.  → I feel like eating Ramen.
4.  → If it’s Ramen, the ramen shop in front of the station is good/delicious/worth going.
[05:13]
That’s all for today.  It was fun, ne.
If it is Podcast, you can practice speaking in the bed, right?
See you again!

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Need more translation & transcript? Become a patron: More episodes with full translation and Japanese transcripts. Members-only podcast feed for your smartphone app. Japanese Swotter on Patreon
Note: English translations might sound occasionally unnatural as English, as I try to preserve the structure and essence of the original Japanese.