JUDGES 12-13:
Yesterday, after hearing of three minor judges, we heard of Jephthah. Jephthah was a man of very poor credentials, but he turned out to be a surprisingly good leader. His story shows clearly why it is better not to make rash vows to the Lord. Indeed, the New Testament tells us to not make vows at all.

PSALM 84:
This favorite psalm has inspired many worship songs. Note the theme of joy!

GALATIANS 5:22-6:
Building on the concept of freedom from requirements of the Law in chapter 4, Paul continued on that theme in chapter 5. (Of course there were no chapter boundaries when he wrote his letter!) The freedom Paul described is founded on the idea that we are now controlled by the Holy Spirit. A second very important concept is considering ourselves dead to sinful desires and deeds which were enumerated at the end of chapter 5.

NLT Translation notes:
8 Those who live only to satisfy their own sinful nature will harvest decay and death from that sinful nature. But those who live to please [God's/the] Spirit will harvest everlasting life from the Spirit.
10 Therefore, whenever we have the opportunity, we should do good to everyone—especially to those [who are fellow believers//in the family of faith].
14 As for me, may I never boast about anything except the cross of our Lord [Christ Jesus//Jesus Christ]. Because of that cross,cmy interest in this world has been crucified, and the world's interest in me has also died.

Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

JUDGES 10-11:
Yesterday we heard the conclusion of the story of Gideon. It is a pity that Gideon was so successful, but that a half-son and unfaithful people ruined his legacy. I am always very disappointed that Gideon so quickly turns to idolatry after God has worked so fantastically through him. The whole story, including the part about Abimelech, supports the verse which says, "Whatever you sow, that is also what you will reap."

PSALM 83:
This is a psalm asking God to stop being silent when Israel was praying for relief from their enemies. And we now have the background to understand the names mentioned by Asaph.

GALATIANS 5:
In chapter 4, Paul continued to use Old Testament pictures to show the teaching that is central to this book: Gentiles do not need to be circumcised because we have been freed from the Law of Moses. We do not need to earn favor with God. We have already been adopted as sons and are considered heirs of God's promises. Proof of this is that the Spirit of Jesus is in our hearts.

Remember that in Greek, 'faith' and 'believe' have the same root word. Most other English words— like 'operate' and 'operation', show their root word similarity. It is an unfortunate quirk of English that it doesn't work that way for 'believe' and 'faith'. To help you see the cohesion and how Paul is harping on this one concept, I suggest reading this book substituting 'fully believe' for 'faith'.

NLT Translation notes:
Gal. 5:5But we who live by the Spirit eagerly wait to receive [through believing//by faith] the righteousness God has promised to us.
[Again, 'faith' and 'believe' are the same root word in Greek, differing no more than 'operate' and 'operation' or 'performance' and 'perform'. In pointing this out and using the verb 'believe' rather than the noun form, I am trying to restore cohesion and clarity. And I do this because the word 'faith' is used today with all sorts of fuzzy and mystical unbiblical meanings.]
6 For when we [fully believe//place our faith] in Christ Jesus, there is no benefit in being circumcised or being uncircumcised. What is important is [fully believing//faith] expressing [that belief//itself] in love.

Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

JUDGES 8-9:
Yesterday we heard of Gideon who led Israel in a miraculous victory over the hoards of Midian using only three hundred men. Gideon struggled with believing that God would actually use him, and God was amazingly patient with Gideon— giving him sign after sign. Because of this, Gideon really is not the best example for us to follow of how to trust God and live a life of faith.

PSALM 82:
Do you ever get upset about injustice on earth? Here is a psalm for you.

GALATIANS 4:
The Jews called non-Jews 'sinners' because they did not follow the Law of Moses. But the Jewish Christians themselves also become 'sinners' if they leave the old system of relying on the Law, but then require non-Jews to be circumcised. The important thing is to be joined as one with Christ, not simply being followers of a religion. Being joined to Christ means dying (considering ourselves to be dead) to old things (including religious practices).

Yesterday in the 3rd chapter of Galatians we heard an important teaching about the purpose of the Law. The Law did not replace the promise that was given to Abraham. And the way for us to follow Abraham and become heirs to the promise given to Abraham (even if we are not his physical descendants) is through _fully believing_ as Abraham did.

NLT Translation notes:
Gal. 4:5 God sent him to buy freedom for us who were slaves to the law, so that he could adopt us as his very own [sons//children].
[Paul uses the legal Roman law term for the adoption of sons. By their law, such adoption was irrevocable! Men feel squeamish at being included in the Bride of Christ. So in this case, ladies, I suggest that it is good for you to rejoice that you are included as having the rights of sons. This same term occurs in Rom. 8:15, 8:23, 9:4, and Eph. 1:5.]
6 And because we are his [sons//children], God has sent the Spirit of his Son into our hearts, prompting us to call out, "Abba, Father."
7 Now you are no longer a slave but God's own [son//child]. And since you are his [son//child], God has made you his heir.
9 So now that you know God (or should I say, now that God [recognizes you as his sons//knows you]), why do you want to go back again and become slaves once more to the weak and useless spiritual principles of this world?

Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

JUDGES 6-7:
Yesterday we heard the story of Deborah and Barak. (Say, that name sounds familiar!) Barak doesn't get the glory for his notable defeat of Israel's enemy, Sisera. Instead the crowning glory goes to a woman named Jael, who happened to see a new use for a tent peg. The poem in chapter 5 includes taunts to Israel's tribes who 'sat on their hands' and didn't get involved in the war.

PSALM 81:
This poem has a mysterious part in verse 5, where an unknown voice (or perhaps 'language') speaks to us. But immediately afterward the unknown voice clearly belongs God, who speaks in the first person to us.

GALATIANS 3:
Review 2:17-21 in the PET:

17 But there are Jews who believe in Christ who still don't understand the way we are made right in God's sight— which is only through union with Christ. For them, if we no longer depend on the Law to become right in God's sight, we've become 'sinners'. That's definitely wrong! Becoming a follower of Christ definitely doesn't mean that we've become 'sinners'! 18 For we in the past taught, "Let's become right in God's sight by depending on Christ." If we now teach, "Turn away from Christ and depend on the Law again," it becomes very evident that we really are 'sinners'! 19 And this is what I've experienced: When I tried in my own strength to obey the whole Law, I finally realized that I'm not able to do it, and would die in my sin. But it was in that despair that I realized the gift of God through Christ— which is eternal life. Now I consider that I've been crucified with Christ. 20 That means that I no longer control my life, but Christ is the One who is living in and through me. Now I live my whole life in this worldly body only through believing in the Son of God, who loved me so much that He gave Himself to redeem me. 21 So I reject turning away from the kindness of God which we receive through our union with Christ in order to go back to working to be made right in God's sight based on the Law. For if we suppose that mankind can be made right by obeying the Law, then it was useless for Christ to die for us!

NLT Translation notes:
Gal. 3:1 Oh, foolish Galatians! Who has cast [this/an] evil spell on you? For the meaning of Jesus Christ's death was made as clear to you as if you had seen a picture of his death on the cross.
3 How foolish can you be? After starting your Christian lives [with the power of//in] the Spirit, why are you now trying to become perfect by your own human effort?
6 In the same way, "Abraham [fully] believed God, and God counted him as righteous because of his [believing/faith]."
[Here is a good example showing the reason for why I change NLT's noun 'faith' to the verb 'fully believe'. Faith has come to have too many un-biblical meanings in our culture! One could easily think— given the text before, that 'faith' was something different (or mystical) than the verb 'believe' just above in the same sentence. They are NOT different. In Greek the two are simply the verb and noun form of the same verb. Compare verse 14.]
7 The real [sons//children] of Abraham, then, are those who [fully believe//put their faith] in God.
[Similarly for 'faith' in 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 23, 24, and 26. We will see in chapter 4 that Paul uses the legal Roman law term for the adoption of sons. Even women get adopted and have rights equal to sons.]
14 Through Christ Jesus, God has blessed the Gentiles with the same blessing he promised to Abraham, so that we who are believers might receive the promised Holy Spirit through [fully believing//faith].
[Here is another place where both the verb and noun form (believe/faith) occur in the same verse. We don't receive the Holy Spirit by some vague and mystical faith, but by believing in clear content.]
26 For you are all [sons//children] of God through [believing//faith] in Christ Jesus.
27 And all who have been [joined/united] with Christ in baptism have put on Christ, like putting on new clothes.

Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

JUDGES 2-3:
Yesterday we heard how the tribe of Judah was more successful in driving out the Canaanites than the other tribes. Several of the tribes just moved in with their enemies.

PSALM 79:
This lament by Asaph is like Ps 74, talking about Jerusalem and the Temple conquered by enemies. There is a strong comparison with what we see starting to happen in Judges.

GALATIANS 1:
We heard the controversy over circumcision in Acts 15. This letter to the Galatian believers is on a similar theme, and it shows how Paul would have argued with the Jews of the circumcision party. Paul stays very much on this theme in this book— which in some ways foreshadows some arguments in the book of Romans. Important sections for memorizing include the 'crucified with Christ' passages in chapter 2 and 6, and the works of the flesh and fruits of the Holy Spirit in chapter 5. This book makes it perfectly clear that we are not saved by religion.

We are saved by 'faith'— which means 'fully believing in Christ'. Do not fall into the trap of choosing between what James says about being saved by works and what Paul says. The two teachings are compatible. The saying taught to me by one of my spiritual fathers (Glen Zumwalt) is this: We are saved by 'faith alone'; but saving faith will never be 'alone'.

Paul's introduction in the first chapter is unique among his letters. He normally starts with praise for the congregation he is writing to. Not in this case! After he expresses his shock at the Galatian church, he goes on to remind them that the Good News they had so quickly abandoned was revealed directly to him by the Lord.

NLT Translation notes:
|Jdg. 3:12 Once again the Israelites did evil in the Lord 's sight, and the Lord gave King Eglon of Moab control over Israel because of their evil.
====
Gal. 1:1This letter is from Paul, an apostle. I was not appointed by any group of people or any human authority, but by [Christ Jesus//Jesus Christ] himself and by God the Father, who raised Jesus from the dead.
6 [But] I am shocked that you are turning away so soon from God, who called you to himself through the loving mercy of Christ. You are following a different way that pretends to be the Good News
15 But even before I was born, God chose me and called me by his marvelous [kindness/grace]. Then it pleased him
16 to reveal his Son to me so that I would proclaim the Good News about Jesus to the Gentiles.
23 All they knew was that people were saying, "The one who used to persecute us is now preaching the very [beliefs//faith] he tried to destroy!"

Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

JUDGES 1:
It happens that Psalm 78 is a perfect introduction to the book of Judges! This book covers the dark ages for the nation of Israel, from the time following Joshua's death to the birth of the last judge, Samuel. HC Mears gives a good easy-to-remember summary: Seven apostasies (times of turning away from God), seven servitudes to seven idolatrous and cruel nations, and seven deliverances. The last verse is the author's own summary, which is often repeated near the end of the book: "In those days Israel had no king; all the people did whatever seemed right in their own eyes."

PSALM 78b:
Asaph continues his poetic reminder to the people of Israel. In yesterday's reading, I hope you wondered, "When did the tribe of Ephraim run from battle?" I encourage you to ask questions like that and do a little research. (See the Shovels page at dailybiblereading.info for sites that will give you good answers.) Because this comes up several more times in the OT, I want to tell you this: The Ephraimites were the largest of the northern tribes, and their name came to stand for all of the northern tribes in the time when people distinguished between the kingdom of Judah (in the south)and the kingdom of Israel (in the north). It is likely that there was no specific battle in Asaph's mind, but that he was using the northern tribes as examples of what happens when the people are unfaithful to God. They refused to be numbered with God's people in time of national wars.

ACTS 28:
As Paul prophesied, all two hundred and seventy-six people on board arrived safely on land, but the ship was lost.

NLT Translation notes:
Ps. 78:72 [David//He] cared for them with a true heart
and led them with skillful hands.
====
Acts 28:15 The brothers and sisterse in Rome had heard we were coming, and they came to meet us at [a village called] the Forumf on the Appian Way. Others joined us at [a village called] The Three Taverns.g When Paul saw them, he was encouraged and thanked God.

Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.

JOSHUA 24:
In yesterday's reading, Joshua dismissed the three tribes of warriors to return to their homes to the east of the Jordan. But when they went home, they decided to build an altar as a memorial. But their idea was misunderstood, nearly resulting in war.

PSALM 78a:
This poetic recitation of Israel's history comes at a fitting place in relation to our other Old Testament reading.

ACTS 27b:
In yesterday's reading, Paul, Luke, and Aristarchus started the voyage to Rome, under the command of a Roman officer named Julius. The captain, ship owner, and sailors didn't listen to Paul's prophetic warning, and disaster was the result.

Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2015 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.