小刚 explains to 小宝 why the Chinese football team is changing to a new coach.

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小宝: 小刚, Dad said the Chinese football team is getting a new coach. Is it true?
小刚: It's true. The previous coach, Ivan, didn't lead the team to win matches, so the Chinese team is hiring a new coach.
小宝: Will Coach Ivan feel sad?
小刚: Maybe a little, but he can still work in other countries. Many teams from different countries want to hire him.
小宝: Who will the new coach be? Will they be really strong?
小刚: We don't know yet. Maybe they’ll hire a really good coach, or maybe a temporary coach will lead the team for now. Everyone hopes Chinese football will get better!

小潘 uses a public restroom in China for the first time and is surprised to find no toilet paper. 刘娜 explains the different cultural habits in China and Vietnam and offers suggestions.

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小潘: Teacher Liu, yesterday I found there was no toilet paper in the subway restroom, and it was really awkward.
刘娜: Yes, in many public toilets in China, especially in subways, parks, and old neighborhoods, usually no paper is provided, so people are used to bringing their own tissues.
小潘: I see. In Vietnam, public toilets in cities usually give you toilet paper if you pay a small fee, and some restaurants or malls provide it for free.
刘娜: Right, I’ve heard that in some places in Vietnam, staff give you paper at the entrance, but in most places in China, even in pay toilets, sometimes there’s no paper.
小潘: I looked it up online, and many people traveling to China recommend always carrying tissues with you.
刘娜: Yes, you can carry a pack of tissues with you from now on so you won’t have the same problem again.
小潘: Good idea. I’ll definitely bring some next time, that way I’ll feel more at ease.
刘娜: Yes, this is also part of understanding the daily habits of different countries.
小潘: Yeah, I didn’t expect such small things could reflect cultural differences.

A married couple discusses generational gaps and social views in families with older mothers.

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黄刚: Huā'er, did you see that news recently? A 48-year-old mom had a new baby boy, and her 28-year-old daughter instantly became an older sister, while the grandson is three years older than the son.
陈花: I saw it too—the comments section exploded. Some people think it's a miracle and a blessing, while others think the family relationships are all mixed up and traditional ethics are being challenged.
黄刚: Actually, medicine has really advanced, and now it's not so rare for older women to give birth safely. But the risks are high too. Doctors say that women over forty have ten times the risk of chromosomal abnormalities compared to younger women.
陈花: Friends around me say the hardest part is getting along as a family later on. For example, siblings might look like mother and child, and the grandson—should he call his uncle 'little brother' or 'uncle'? It all sounds confusing.
黄刚: Actually, this kind of family setup will only become more common. The post-90s and 2000s generations are much more tolerant than we were. As long as the family is willing and happy, that's what matters.
陈花: Exactly. There's no standard answer for how a family should be put together. As long as the family finds a new balance and every member feels loved and respected, that's the most important thing.
黄刚: Maybe we should judge less and try to understand more. The arrival of every new life is something to be celebrated.

The two brothers discuss the wisdom behind the Cantonese custom of scalding bowls.

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小宝: Brother, why does Grandma always use hot water to scald the bowls before eating? Aren't the bowls already clean?
小刚: This is a habit of Cantonese people. Because the weather in Guangdong is very hot, sometimes little bugs get into the cupboard, so using hot water to scald the bowls makes everyone feel more at ease.
小宝: Oh, is it because of bacteria? But don't restaurants already disinfect their dishes?
小刚: Some restaurant bowls look clean, but they may not actually be properly disinfected. Grandma likes to scald them herself, so she feels safer eating.
小宝: Then would using disposable bowls and chopsticks be safer?
小刚: Sometimes disposable bowls and chopsticks have a smell, or there might be spots that aren't clean. Using hot water not only washes away dirt, but also makes the chopsticks smooth.
小宝: I didn't know there were so many reasons behind scalding bowls! Don't you find it troublesome?
小刚: It's actually not troublesome; it's a way to show care for the family. In Cantonese dim sum culture, younger people help elders scald bowls to show respect.
小宝: Then I'll help Grandma scald the bowls from now on, okay?

A married couple discusses the issue of mental illness and legal responsibility.

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黄刚: Did you see it? 叶舒华 posted on Weibo to speak up for the woman who was killed in Chengdu, saying that mental illness is not a 'get out of jail free card.' It caused quite a stir.
陈花: I saw it. My students were discussing it in class today, too. Everyone thinks the law shouldn't let mental illness become an excuse for exemption; the victims are really too wronged.
黄刚: Actually, there are legal regulations for this. In cases like Liang XX, it's considered partial responsibility, so sentencing is complicated, but ordinary people's emotions are hard to reconcile.
陈花: Yes, people with mental illness do need care and treatment from society, but that shouldn't mean ordinary people have to pay with their lives. For the families of the victims, it's just unacceptable.
黄刚: The judiciary really does need to find a balance between protecting the rights of mentally ill patients and maintaining public safety. Did you know there were similar cases in history? For example, during the late Qing Dynasty, the eunuch 安德海 beside Empress Dowager Cixi also had mental problems, but was still executed for serious crimes.
陈花: So there were such cases in history, too... It seems the legal system still needs constant improvement; only then can social fairness and everyone's safety truly be ensured.

小潘 is curious if Chinese people really only drink hot water. 刘娜 explains the real attitudes towards cold drinks in China and gives examples.

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小潘: Teacher Liu, I heard that Chinese people only drink hot water and never drink anything cold. Is that true?
刘娜: It's not that we never drink cold drinks. Actually, nowadays many young people also like iced coffee and milk tea, especially in summer.
小潘: So at Starbucks, do people order iced coffee?
刘娜: Yes, iced Americano and iced latte are very popular. But many people still prefer hot water or hot tea at home or at school.
小潘: In Vietnam, when it's hot, everyone drinks iced water. In Beijing, some classmates told me that drinking cold things isn't good for your health.
刘娜: That's right, some Chinese people think drinking cold water can cause stomach aches or colds, especially parents will remind children not to drink cold drinks.
小潘: But sometimes I really want something cold.
刘娜: It's okay, you can get used to it gradually. Sometimes having a cold drink in moderation is fine, as long as you feel comfortable.
小潘: Thank you, teacher. Actually, now I've also started getting used to drinking hot water every morning.
刘娜: That's great. We can learn from each other's cultures!

小刚 and 小宝 discuss the extremely hot 'sauna days' and how to stay cool.

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小宝: Brother, why is it so hot today? I feel like I'm wrapped in a steaming basket!
小刚: You're right, this kind of weather is called 'sauna days' because it's as hot and stuffy as being in a sauna.
小宝: Why do we have 'sauna days'? Is it because the sun is too strong?
小刚: It's not just the sun—the air is really humid, too. The weather report says that when humidity and temperature are both high, 'sauna days' are likely to happen. Sometimes they even occur in the north.
小宝: Will we get sick? I don't want to get heatstroke.
小刚: Don't worry! As long as we drink more water, keep the windows closed so the heat doesn't come in, and avoid being outside in the sun, we can prevent heatstroke. We can also eat some fruit.
小宝: Mom said I can have watermelon! Will you play with me at home, brother?
小刚: Of course! Let's watch cartoons together. Playing at home is the safest on sauna days.

Teacher 李 guides 小美 in a tone imitation game to help her understand how different tones in Chinese change the meaning of words.

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李芳: 小美, let's play a tone game!
小美: A tone game? How do we play?
李芳: I'll say a word, and you imitate the tones, like 'mā, má, mǎ, mà.' Listen to the differences.
小美: Mā~ má~ mǎ~ mà! Haha, it sounds like singing!
李芳: That's right! Different tones mean different things. '妈' means mom, '马' means horse you ride—are they the same?
小美: They're different! I can't ride my mom!
李芳: Haha, you're so clever, 小美! Now try 'bāo' and 'bào.' Do the sounds feel different?
小美: Bāo~ bào! One is like carrying something, the other is like hugging a doll!
李芳: Excellent! Chinese tones are really interesting. Practice more, and you'll speak very well too!
小美: Okay! I like the tone game. I want to get really good at it!