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Discourse on the Origin and Basis of Inequality Among Men by the philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau was originally written for an essay competition run by the Dijon Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1754. The question was, "What is the origin of inequality among men, and is it authorized by the natural law?" Rousseau's text is divided into four main parts: a dedication, preface, an extended inquiry into the nature of the individual, and another inquiry into the evolution of the human species within society.

Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous, or simply Three Dialogues, is a 1713 book on metaphysics and idealism by George Berkeley. The book was written as a response to the criticism of his work A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge. Berkeley faced opposition from many philosophers who held to the Platonic view. He argues that sensible qualities like color, sound, temperature and even shape are not inherent in matter, but are ascribed and understood by the mind.

Berkeley uses the Socratic mode of inquiry in "Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous" to question fundamental beliefs about knowledge and reality. These dialogues are between Hylas (whose name is derived from the ancient Greek word for matter) and Philonous, whose name means "lover of mind." The new physical sciences developed in the seventeenth century supported the materialism proposed by Thomas Hobbes and several other philosophers. This worldview proclaimed that all of reality consists of nothing but matter in motion, thus promoting atheism and ethical skepticism.

René Descartes is often described as the first modern philosopher, but much of the content of his "Meditations on First Philosophy" can be found in the medieval period that had already existed for more than a thousand years. Does God exist? If so, what is his nature? Is the human soul immortal? How does it differ from the body? What role do sense experience and pure reason play in knowing? Descartes stands out from his predecessors because of the method he developed to treat these and other fundamental questions.

Grab Mentally Tough as your tour guide to develop your mental toughness muscles. This book will teach you starting with why you have failed so far and weakened your mental state and lead you to gear up and follow the best strategies to change your mindset, behavior and actions like mentally tough people.

In his lucid introduction to this recording, Professor Taylor Carman declares unequivocally that Being and Time by Martin Heidegger (1889-1976) is ‘one of the great masterpieces of 20th century philosophy.’ And that is despite the fact that it is unquestionably a challenging listen. But by...

NOBEL LETTERATURA 1950«Oso sperare che qualcuno, in mezzo alla moltitudine di uomini e di donne che soffrono di infelicità senza goderne, possa trovare qui diagnosticato il suo caso e, in pari tempo, qualche suggerimento sul metodo da seguire per guarirne. È nella convinzione che, mediante...

A collection of essays by fifteen philosophers presenting a thoughtful, introductory guide to choosing a philosophy for living an examined and meaningful life. Socrates famously said "the unexamined life is not worth living," but what does it mean to truly live philosophically? This...

John Locke (1632-1704) was a product of his troubled times: he lived through the English Civil War, the Interregnum, the Restoration, Monmouth’s Rebellion, the Bloody Assizes and the Glorious Revolution. His empirical thinking was very much directed at finding rational solutions to the root...

The English philosopher and physician John Locke (1632 - 1704) is widely regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers. His work had a significant effect on the development of epistemology and political philosophy. The Second Treatise on Civil Government places sovereignty in the hands of the people, as Locke's fundamental argument is that people are equal and invested with natural rights in a state of nature in which they live free from outside rule.

Militant Modernism is a defense against modernism's many detractors. It looks at design, film, and architecture - especially, architecture - and pursues the notion of an evolved modernism that simply refuses to stop being necessary. Owen Hatherley gives us new ways to look at what we thought was familiar - Bertolt Brecht, Le Corbusier, even Vladimir Mayakovsky. 

Der lang erwartete dritte Band von Prechts vierteiliger Philosophiegeschichte Das 19. Jahrhundert revolutioniert die Philosophie! Während aus der Industrialisierung die bürgerliche Gesellschaft hervorgeht, verlieren die Philosophen den Boden unter den Füßen. Vor allem die Naturwissenschaften...

Chief Loren Culp stood up for the rights of citizens in the face of a statewide initiative to restrict gun rights that he believed went against his oath of office. Was it the right thing to do? Whether you are liberal or conservative, pro-gun or anti-gun, you will find the information provided in this book compelling. Many have said that police just need to enforce the law because they are law enforcement. Chief Culp says "that’s not true". Who is right? Get an inside look at why Culp chose to uphold the constitution and defend your right to bear arms.

The Will to Power is an audiobook of notes compiled from the literary remains of Friedrich Nietzsche. The title derives from a work that Nietzsche himself had intended to write. The "will to power", a prominent concept in his philosophy, describes what Nietzsche believed to be the main driving force in humans.

Ecce Homo, subtitled How One Becomes What One Is, is the final original book written by Friedrich Nietzsche before he succumbed to the insanity which lasted until his death in 1900. In this extraordinary autobiography, Nietzsche chronicles his life and development as a philosopher, his tastes as an individual, and his vision for humanity.

This Leibniz collection contains some of the philosopher’s most important works and ideas, spans three decades and illuminates the fascinating intellectual journey undertaken by him in his quest for truth. A prodigious polymath, Leibniz was a mathematician, philosopher, physicist and statesman...

Human, All Too Human: A Book for Free Spirits was originally published in 1878. The work is Nietzsche's first in the aphoristic style and discusses a range of concepts in brief paragraphs. It represents the start of Nietzsche's "middle period", in which he breaks with German Romanticism and Wagner.

Contained here in this volume are two of the most influential works of philosophy ever written, Descartes’ Discourse on Method and Meditations on First Philosophy.

Arthur Schopenhauer's The Art of Literature is a lively, illuminating and brutally honest collection of essays on literary style and values, writers and critics, and the nature of genius. Schopenhauer advises seclusion and independent thought, criticizes Pliny's reading habits, and explains the pitfalls of certain schools of thought and even virtues like modesty. His thought-provoking arguments, caustic wit, and accessible style make this a must for any aspiring writer.

A Handbook of Traditional Living consists of two texts originally published by the Italian cultural organization Raido, translated here for the first time: "The World of Tradition" and "The Front of Tradition". The first is a comprehensive summary of the principal ideas of Julius Evola. The...