We trace the arc from variolation and Jenner to mRNA, show how vaccines leverage natural immunity, and explain why maternal shots protect both parent and newborn. Data, history, and personal stories make the case that prevention beats cure for OBGYN care.

• pertussis surge in Kentucky and preventable infant deaths
• child mortality then and now and what changed
• variolation to Jenner and the origins of vaccination
• how innate and adaptive immunity learn and remember
• vaccine types and why today’s antigens are fewer
• effectiveness data across polio, measles, rubella, Hib
• sanitation myths versus vaccine impact
• Wakefield’s fraud and why autism claims fail
• three major studies debunking autism myths
• essential pregnancy vaccines and timing
• RSV options and COVID safety during pregnancy
• herd immunity as protection for newborns

0:02 Setting The Stage: Vaccines Under Fire

1:09 Pertussis Surge And Preventable Tragedy

2:20 Child Mortality Then And Now

4:19 What Killed Children In 1850

5:31 Out Of Sight, Out Of Mind

9:51 Origins Of Vaccination: Variolation To Jenner

15:20 Vaccines Use Natural Immunity

20:00 Types Of Modern Vaccines Explained

25:30 Innate And Adaptive Immunity 101

28:40 How Effective Are Vaccines Really

33:40 Polio’s Human Cost And Iron Lungs

39:00 Measles, Rubella, And Pregnancy Risks

44:20 Sanitation Myths Versus Vaccine Impact

47:05 The Wakefield Fraud And Aftermath

52:20 Big Studies Debunk Autism Claims

55:20 Essential Vaccines In Pregnancy

58:00 Takeaways And Next Steps

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We share a practical, clinic‑tested system for hereditary cancer screening that standardizes intake and education, then confront how malpractice pressures distort obstetric decision‑making, fetal monitoring, and access to care. Former ACOG president Dr. Richard Waldman offers data, history, and solutions we can use now.

• digital workflow that screens every patient annually from age 18
• video education improving informed consent and test completion
• one in four patients meeting hereditary testing criteria
• management changes after testing including MRI, meds, referrals
• addressing cost and genetic discrimination concerns
• OBGYNs as leaders in genetics amid counselor shortages
• malpractice landscape, rising verdicts, and physician burnout
• neonatal encephalopathy criteria grounding courtroom science
• fetal monitoring limits, category II overreaction, cesarean pressure
• VBAC safety tied to selection, readiness, and team systems
• safety culture, simulation, and checklists reducing risk

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Antonia and special guest Kristi Angevine explore how physicians can rethink habits beyond routines to include default thoughts, feelings, and reactions, and how that shift relieves burnout and restores purpose. Practical micro-habits, internal validation, and redefining productivity help us lead better and live better.

• habits as automatic thoughts, feelings, reactions
• perfectionism, people pleasing, catastrophizing as learned solutions
• survival seasons and low‑friction wins
• two micro‑habits: emotional check‑ins and box breathing
• escaping all‑or‑nothing with iterative learning
• redefining productivity around alignment, not to‑do lists
• internal validation and making yourself make sense
• training culture, criticism, and choosing supportive mentors
• identity beyond “doctor first” to include rest and health
• coaching options: group community and private work

Be sure to check out Thinking about obgyn.com for more information, and be sure to follow us on Instagram

0:01 Setting The Stage: Habits In Medicine

0:32 Introducing Dr. Kristi Angevine

2:05 Redefining What A Habit Really Is

4:20 Perfectionism, People Pleasing, Catastrophizing

7:12 Coping Gone Sideways And Burnout Risk

11:21 Unrealistic Standards And The Inner Critic

15:54 When Work Ethic Becomes Self-Neglect

19:30 Why Simple Routines Aren’t Easy

23:12 Survival Seasons And Low-Hanging Fruit

26:12 Two Five-Minute Habits That Stick

30:45 Escaping All-Or-Nothing Thinking

36:05 Internal Validation As A Mental Habit

41:05 Success Beyond The To-Do List

48:39 Burnout’s Roots And Moral Injury

52:42 Training Culture, Criticism, And Resilience

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We challenge long-held beliefs about fibroids, highlight new ectopic pregnancy nuances, and dig into real-world dermoid cyst outcomes. We also unpack the evidence and ethics of 39-week induction after IVF and ICSI, balancing small absolute risks with maternal tradeoffs.

• Evidence overturning links between fibroids and miscarriage, PROM and abruption
• Distinguishing spontaneous versus iatrogenic preterm birth in fibroid pregnancies
• Why myomectomy can raise early delivery and cesarean rates in some patients
• Ectopic care updates: tube-sparing choices, HCG thresholds, two-dose methotrexate
• Experimental adjuncts to methotrexate remain unproven
• Dermoid data supporting laparoscopy, irrigation, and specimen bags over open surgery
• Surgical decision making during pregnancy and avoiding uterine manipulators
• IVF and ICSI timing: late stillbirth risk signals, limits of testing, 39-week logic
• Shared decision making when absolute risks are low but values differ

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1:33 Fibroids And Miscarriage Myths

5:53 Preterm Birth, PROM, And Hemorrhage

9:31 Myomectomy: Risks, Scars, And Outcomes

13:25 Ectopic Pregnancy: What’s New

18:37 Surgery Versus Methotrexate Nuances

22:05 Experimental Add-Ons To Medical Therapy

27:47 Dermoid Cysts: Real-World Data

32:48 Laparoscopy, Spillage, And Pregnancy

36:06 When Open Surgery Makes Things Worse

40:34 IVF, ICSI, And 39-Week Induction

48:05 Stillbirth Risk: What The Data Shows

55:20 Testing, Timing, And Shared Decisions

1:04:10 Practical Counseling And Tradeoffs

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In this episode, Howard and Maddie White challenge shaky claims linking autism to circumcision and Tylenol, then zero in on speed as the byproduct of essential, evidence-based surgery. We show how essentialism, confidence, and efficiency reduce complications, lower costs, and improve outcomes in the OR.

• correlation vs causation in autism narratives and bias in research
• why operative time predicts complications across procedures
• surgeon volume, variability, and outcome differences
• evidence-based cesarean steps that cut time and bleeding
• tool and method choices that are safer and faster
• confidence as self-efficacy, not arrogance
• practical efficiency: setup, flow, visualization, debrief
• lean thinking, standardization, and reducing variation

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00:00:00 Opening Banter & Autism Claims

00:02:35 Circumcision, Bias, and Correlation vs Causation

00:09:54 Why Speed in Surgery Matters

00:15:35 Surgeon Variability and Outcomes

00:19:35 Evidence-Based Cesarean: Essential Steps

00:27:20 Less Bleeding Through Minimal Dissection

00:31:20 Choosing Methods and Tools that Save Time

00:35:05 Confidence vs Arrogance in the OR

00:40:05 Practical Efficiency: Filming, Flow, and Setup

00:45:05 Visualization, Assisting, and Debriefing

00:50:00 Tools, Tech, and Mastering Basics

00:55:00 Standardization, Lean Thinking, and Takeaways

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We push back on claims that Tylenol or vaccines cause autism and explain how weak methods, conflicts of interest, and cherry-picked data fuel public panic. We also unpack why diagnoses have risen—broad criteria, screening, and access—not because of a new environmental villain.

• Summary of claims made at the press event and why they fail
• What the cited acetaminophen paper did and didn’t show
• Conflicts of interest, pay-to-publish venues, and bias
• Why correlation isn’t causation; confounding by indication
• Bradford Hill criteria applied to acetaminophen and autism
• Sibling-controlled studies as the strongest current evidence
• Amish and Cuba myths; diagnosis versus true prevalence
• DSM-5 changes driving higher autism diagnoses
• State-by-state variation explained by services and funding
• Vaccine safety evidence contrasted with myths
• Practical counseling: treat fever; use clear, strong evidence

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0:00 Setting The Record Straight

2:30 The Press Conference Claims

5:30 Tylenol, Vaccines, And Autism

9:30 The Study Behind The Hype

14:30 Conflicts, Bias, And Bad Methods

19:30 Correlation Isn’t Causation

23:00 Bradford Hill 101

28:30 Amish, Cuba, And Diagnosis Rates

33:30 Screening Tools And Subjectivity

37:30 Sibling Studies: The Strongest Signal

42:00 Why Meta-Analyses Can Mislead

46:00 What The “Navigation Guide” Misses

51:00 Vaccine Myths In Perspective

54:00 Why Autism Diagnoses Rise

59:00 DSM-5 And Access To Services

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Dr. Howard Harrell explores common questions about birth alternatives posed by Anna, a mom-to-be with questions, examining scientific evidence behind claims often found online that challenge evidence-based obstetric practices. The discussion separates facts from philosophy by analyzing actual research data on interventions like epidurals, oxytocin, and birthing positions.

• Maternal mortality has decreased 173-fold since 1850, coinciding with the rise of modern obstetrics
• The "cascade of interventions" theory isn't supported by scientific evidence
• Studies show epidurals don't increase cesarean delivery rates, contrary to popular belief
• Oxytocin augmentation, when properly used, can decrease cesarean rates rather than increase them
• Upright birthing positions don't show improved outcomes compared to lying on back
• Hospital/provider cesarean rates matter more than specific interventions in predicting your risk
• For low-risk pregnancies, intermittent rather than continuous fetal monitoring may reduce unnecessary interventions
• Best approach combines respecting physiologic birth while using appropriate medical tools when needed

Visit thinkingaboutobgyn.com for more information and follow us on Instagram. We'll be back in two weeks.

00:00:02 Introduction to Natural Birth Questions

00:02:09 Historical Maternal Mortality Statistics

00:05:54 Nutrition Myths and Modern Food Safety

00:11:34 Debunking the Cascade of Interventions Theory

00:21:32 Epidurals: Facts vs. Misconceptions

00:35:59 Birth Positions and Perineum Protection

00:44:20 Avoiding Unnecessary Cesareans

00:48:56 Continuous vs. Intermittent Fetal Monitoring

00:56:24 Artificial Rupture of Membranes Discussion

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Howard and Antonia explore the safety of medications during pregnancy and the controversial reporting requirements for breast density on mammograms, examining how science is being overshadowed by fear-mongering in healthcare decision-making.

• Examining the evidence behind avoiding fluconazole (Diflucan) in first trimester, finding that short courses likely pose minimal risk
• Discussing the important distinction between possibility and probability when evaluating medication safety in pregnancy
• Analyzing the wide variation in cesarean delivery rates across US counties, from 5.4% to over 53% for low-risk patients
• Critiquing politically-motivated FDA actions on SSRIs, food dyes, and other health policies not supported by scientific evidence
• Explaining why the FDA's requirement to notify women of dense breasts on mammograms may cause more harm than good
• Demonstrating how supplemental testing for women with dense breasts leads to false positives and unnecessary procedures
• Reviewing the historical development of prenatal diagnosis from early ultrasound to cell-free DNA testing

00:00:33 Evidence for Diflucan in Pregnancy

00:12:12 Cesarean Delivery Rates Across US Counties

00:16:39 FDA's Position on SSRIs and Food Dyes

00:28:46 Managing Dense Breasts in Mammography

00:44:46 History of Prenatal Abnormality Diagnosis

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