What begins as the story of a shell collector quickly becomes something far more intriguing…

In this episode, we explore the remarkable life of Vernon MacAndrew, a wealthy naturalist, sailor and photographer whose passion for collecting seashells carried him across the maritime highways of the British Empire.

Following in the footsteps of his famous naturalist grandfather, MacAndrew transported his own yacht to the Red Sea and the Philippines in search of rare specimens. Yet among his photographs are not just shells and beaches, but Arab leaders, camel-mounted fighters, Hashemite flags and senior British officials operating in one of the most strategically sensitive regions of the world. Was he simply pursuing science, or was something more going on?

To find out more Dr Sam Willis spoke with Dartmouth historian Jonathan Turner, who introduces a newly discovered archive of more than 5,000 photographs and reveals how MacAndrew's travels illuminate the connections between maritime exploration, natural history, photography, imperial power and global shipping networks. We also visit Dartmouth Museum to examine some of the spectacular shells MacAndrew collected, objects of extraordinary beauty that open a window onto the cultures, environments and sea routes of the early twentieth century.

From the shores of Aqaba to the reefs of the Philippines, this is a story of curiosity, adventure and empire—showing how something as seemingly modest as a shell collection can reveal an entire maritime world.

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In this episode we uncover some fantastic stories of English sailors being caught up in the Spanish Inquisition. To find out more Dr Sam Willis spoke with Theresa Tinsley, who explores in detail how, between 1558 and 1604, more than 400 subjects of Elizabethan England found themselves in contact with the Inquisition. Fabulous records survive which detail their experiences and testimonies, and which provide a fresh perspective on this crucial period of religious divergence that occurred in a world bursting with new maritime trade and exploration. The varied experiences of merchants, sailors, diplomats, and prisoners of war highlight cases of persecution, conversion, and a healthy bit of religious ambivalence. By exploring the actual workings of the Inquisition in detail, it encourages us to question the cruelty and scale of the Inquisition's actions against the English, rumours and myths which fed anti-Spanish propaganda at the time, and which continue to colour our perceptions today. In particular we hear about how the Spanish Inquisition worked in ports - hotbeds of suspicion because of the cultural exchange that inevitably happened there, caused by hugely varied populations of converts, foreigners, enslaved people and displaced populations converging. Theresa has written about all of this in a fabulous new book called English Encounters with the Spanish Inquisition: Faith, Nationhood, and Heresy.

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Today we're exploring one of the most secretive and dangerous arenas of the Cold War, the silent world of submarines. To find out more Dr Sam Willis spoke with Paul Brown, whose new book explores the tense underwater cat and mouse game that played out between global superpowers during decades of nuclear brinkmanship, from covert missions beneath arctic ice to near catastrophic encounters hidden from public view for years. This is a story of technology, strategy and the extraordinary people who served in these vessels, knowing that just one mistake could trigger a global conflict. We hear about the research behind the book, the real-life drama that inspired it, and why the legacy of Cold War submarine warfare still matters today. Paul’s Book is called Secret Warriors, British Submarines in the Cold War.

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