After two weeks on why church history matters, Charlie and Abigail start laying out the map. This week they cover the first three of eight eras they’ll walk through in the series: the church of the apostles, the early church under persecution, and the moment Christianity went from illegal to mainstream under Constantine. Along the way they talk about what “the church” actually means, why one verse about Peter shapes so much of church history, how the destruction of the temple in 70 AD scattered believers, and why so many early heresies were about one question: who is Jesus? They also touch on what changed when following Jesus no longer cost you anything. And yes, Abigail makes the case for naming a kid Irenaeus. It’s a big-picture look at the centuries most of us know the least about, even though they’ve shaped our faith the most.

It’s easy to look at the way things are and assume that’s the way they’ll stay. The powerful stay powerful. The ones who’ve been knocked down stay down. The situation that looks impossible probably is.

Hannah didn’t believe that. And in week two of the Samuel series, Mark walks through her prayer in 1 Samuel 2 — one of the most overlooked passages in the Old Testament — and unpacks what it actually says about who God is and how he operates. He’s not the God of the expected outcome. He’s the God who raises the poor from the dust, breaks the bows of warriors, and seats the forgotten at the table with princes.

The question isn’t whether God can flip the script. He’s been doing it the whole time. The question is whether you believe he’s doing it for you.

Most of what we believe about God didn't start with us. We inherited it from centuries of Christians who studied, debated, and prayed their way through the hardest questions of the faith. This week, Charlie and Abigail finish making the case for church history by talking about humility and how Christian doctrine developed over time. They get into why the Trinity is harder to arrive at on your own than it seems, how Constantine shaped the church in the 300s, and what changed when the printing press let ordinary people read the Bible for themselves. There are a few detours along the way, including where the term "Mad Hatter" comes from and a kindergarten math problem that didn't go well. Through it all, they explore how remembering what we've been handed can help us come to Scripture with more confidence and a lot more humility.

This week in our Samuel series, we discussed how God’s purposes often begin long before we understand them, using the opening chapters of 1 Samuel as our guide. Charlie shared his own journey of feeling called to ministry and related it to Samuel’s “origin story”—a calling that took shape even before Samuel was born, woven through his mother Hannah’s years of persistent prayer. We unpacked what it means that God prepares a path for each of us (Ephesians 2:10) and why that’s not just about prophets or pastors, but about all of us, wherever we are in life. With practical applications, Charlie encouraged us to recognize how our everyday choices—however small—are part of walking in that God-given path. Whether you’re wrestling with doubts about calling or just figuring out the next faithful step, this episode invites you to believe God sees you, loves you, and truly has a purpose for your life. Take a moment this week to reflect on where God might be inviting you to say “yes.”

This week on Cultivate, Charlie and Abigail begin a new series on church history. Before getting into the people and events, they start with a simpler question: why should a Bible-centered church spend months studying what happened after the Bible was written?

Abigail explains that every era's view of God is shaped by its circumstances, including war, money, and who held power. She draws on her history minor and her love of bottom-up history, the idea that you can understand a society better through the fairy tales it told than through its official records. She also makes the point that what looks like a new question almost always has a very old answer.

Charlie then makes the case in three parts. First, church history pulls us out of a "just me, God, and my Bible" faith. None of us studies Scripture in a vacuum, and we have all been shaped by 2,000 years of Christian thought, whether we realize it or not. Second, it shows us what the church has believed everywhere and always. Those anchor points have held steady across centuries and cultures, and they are what to hold onto when faith is being rethought. Third, and maybe most importantly, it keeps us from reinventing old heresies. Many "new" ideas about God turn out to be ancient ones with a fresh coat of paint and a soothing TikTok voice.

You can sit in a room full of people and still feel completely alone. You can come to church every week, check the box, and never actually let anyone in. And if you're honest, part of you prefers it that way — because community is hard, people are weird, and you've probably been burned before.

In the final week of Walking the Ancient Paths, Charlie looks at the very first thing the early church did after 3,000 people came to faith in one day — and it wasn't launch a program or build a building. They just started spending time together. Eating. Praying. Learning. Showing up for each other's needs.

That was the church. And two thousand years later, it still is.

This week on Cultivate, Charlie and Abigail close out the parables series the way it deserves — with a Q&A episode where Abigail asks the big picture questions she's been sitting with across ten months of episodes.

They cover how Jesus's original audience heard "the kingdom of God" (hint: they were expecting military victory and Roman blood), why Jesus taught in parables instead of just saying what he meant, what gets lost when we approach Scripture with a Google-everything mindset, and why reading Jesus is so different from reading Paul. They also get into whether the Old Testament God and the New Testament God are actually different (they're not — we just misread both), why Jesus isn't as chill as the paintings suggest, and what it looks like to read a parable the way it was actually meant to be read.

Abigail's closing summary might be the best one of the whole series: if you can get outside your own cultural context far enough to ask what would have shocked them, you'll learn something you couldn't get anywhere else.

Plus: Alone the survivalist show, the Zwingli joke Charlie is very proud of, Inception's spinning top, and whether Charlie could last three days in the wilderness (yes, probably).

Most of us have been taught to treat serving people and telling people about Jesus as two separate things — maybe even competing ones. Do you help someone in need, or do you share the gospel with them? Charlie's answer: yes.

In week five of Walking the Ancient Paths, Charlie walks through Matthew 5:14-16 and makes the case that being the light of the world isn't something you work up to. It's who you already are. Right now. In whatever stage you think you're in.

The question isn't whether you're ready. The question is whether you have the eyes to see the opportunities God is already setting up around you.