Chris Webster and Rachel Roden check in from the road before diving into a trio of fascinating archaeological discoveries. First, they discuss the surprising find of ancient stone tools in Sulawesi, Indonesia, which could rewrite our understanding of early human history in the region. Next, they explore evidence from a Spanish cave that reveals a Neolithic community may have engaged in both violence and cannibalism against a rival group, offering new insights into prehistoric social conflict. Finally, they examine the recent discovery of four shipwrecks off North Carolina’s coast, including a colonial-era Spanish ship shedding light on centuries-old maritime trade and travel. Tune in for a journey through deep time, ancient taboos, and underwater mysteries!

This tiny stone tool may have just rewritten human history

Bones Found in Spanish Cave Suggest This Neolithic Group Butchered and Cannibalized a Rival Communit

In the Muddy Banks of North Carolina, Student Archaeologists May Have Discovered the Remnants of a Centuries-Old Spanish Ship

Chris Webster

chris@archaeologypodcastnetwork.com

Rachel Roden

rachel@unraveleddesigns.com

RachelUnraveled (Instagram)

APN Website: https://www.archpodnet.com

APN Discord: https://discord.com/invite/CWBhb2T2ed

APN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnet

APN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnet

APN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnet

APN Shop

Motion

Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

At the end of August, archaeologists announced extraordinary new finds from the sunken city of Canopus, located off the coast of Alexandria, Egypt. For the first time in 25 years, artifacts were raised from the seabed, including a sphinx inscribed with Ramses II’s name, statues from the Ptolemaic and Roman eras, and shipwreck remains.

In this episode, we'll explore both these latest underwater discoveries and geological surveys that are helping researchers understand what caused Canopus to sink, because understanding how people of the past adapted to disasters could help us find solutions for today’s climate-threatened coastal cities.

Listen now to learn about the artifacts, myths, and history of Canopus.

For transcripts of this episode head over to: https://archpodnet.com/tpm/22

• See photos related to episode topics on Instagram
• Loving the macabre lore? Treat your host to a coffee!
• Info on Canopus and Other Underwater Archaeology Projects in Alexandria from Lead Archaeologist Franck Goddio
• Ancient recipes for cyprinum, a perfume made from henna grown at Canopus
• Text of Canopus Decree
• Text of Nicander's Theriaca
• Abdel-Rahman, R. 2018. Recent Underwater Excavations at Thonis-Heracleion and Canopus. Annales Du Service Des Antiquités de l’Égypte (ASAE) 92:233–258.
• Buraselis, K., M. Stefanou, and D. J. Thompson. 2013. The Ptolemies, the Sea and the Nile. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
• Egypt Museum. Canopus & Heracleion: Sunkencities.
• Fraser, P. M. 1972. Ptolemaic Alexandria. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
• Goddio, F., and A. Masson-Berghoff. 2016. Sunken Cities: Egypt’s Lost Worlds. Thames & Hudson / British Museum, London.
• Goddio, Franck. Projects: Sunken Civilizations: Canopus.
• Lavan, L., and M. Mulryan (editors). 2011. The Archaeology of Late Antique Paganism. Brill, Leiden.
• MacDonald, W. L., and J. A. Pinto. 1995. Hadrian’s Villa and Its Legacy. Yale University Press, New Haven.
• Marriner, N., C. Morhange, and C. Flaux. 2017. Geoarchaeology of the Canopic Region: A Reconstruction of the Holocene Palaeo-Landscapes. Méditerranée 128:51–64.
• PAThs-ERC. East Canopus: Sacri Lapides Aegypti.
• Sidebotham, S. E. 2011. Berenike and the Ancient Maritime Spice Route. University of California Press, Berkeley.
• Sidebotham, S. E. 2019. Ports of the Red Sea and the Nile Delta: Trade and Cultural Exchange. In The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Economy, edited by W. Scheidel. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

• APN Website: https://www.archpodnet.com
• APN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnet
• APN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnet
• APN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnet
• APN Shop

• Motion

The Armstrong and Miller Show (2007-2010) was a very British sketch comedy show featuring a recurring cast of characters, including a group of cavemen navigating anachronistic scenarios. Join us today as we break down nine short sketches and learn The Origins Of several familiar modern concepts!

• The Origins Of playlist on YouTube
• Saharan Rock Art
• Palaeolithic portable art
• All cavemen were Neanderthals
• Reticulation in evolution
• Growing up in the Ice Age by April Nowell
• How Neanderthal molar teeth grew
• The “fateful hoaxing” of Margaret Mead
• Weird name spellings
• Neanderthal cannibalism
• Upper Palaeolithic human sacrifice
• Earliest evidence of alcohol
• Life expectancy in the past
• Is that skeleton gay?
• Sex assessment from Palaeolithic hand prints
• White Sands footprints
• Population size of elephants
• Neanderthal Eagle Talon Pendant
• Armin Meiwes on LPOTL

• Website
• Bluesky
• Facebook
• Letterboxd
• Email

• APN Website: https://www.archpodnet.com
• APN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnet
• APN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnet
• APN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnet
• APN Store

• Motion

In this episode of Ethnocynology, host David Ian Howe sits down with archaeologist and anthropologist Dr. William Taylor (University of Colorado Boulder), author of Hoofbeats: How Horses Shaped Human History.

While this show usually focuses on dogs, today we shift to the other animal that transformed humanity: the horse. Dr. Taylor walks us through the evolutionary history of horses, their domestication on the Eurasian steppe, and their reintroduction to the Americas after the Ice Age. Together we explore how humans first interacted with horses—as prey, symbols in cave art, sources of milk and meat, and eventually as partners in transport, warfare, and belief systems.

Topics include:

• The origins of domestic horses around 2000 BC in the Caucasus steppes
• Horses evolving in North America, going extinct, and being reintroduced by the Spanish
• Hunting evidence from sites like Schöningen in Germany and Bluefish Caves in the Yukon
• Horses in Paleolithic cave art (Lascaux, Chauvet) and the Vogelherd ivory carving
• Evidence for early horse riding and chariot use in Egypt, Assyria, and beyond
• The role of horses in indigenous North and South American societies before widespread European contact
• Ethno-equine parallels in Mongolia, Australia, and Patagonia, where horses shaped cultural, spiritual, and economic life

This is Part 1 of a two-part series: next time, David speaks with Cassidy Thornhill of the University of Wyoming, who researches the protohistoric introduction of horses into the Americas.

If you enjoy the episode, please rate and review Ethnocynology on Apple Podcasts and Spotify. It helps more people discover the show and supports the entire Archaeology Podcast Network.

• Hoofbeats: How Horses Shaped Human History by Dr. William Taylor — available on Amazon and other retailers.
• davidianhowe.com
• Davidianhowe.com/store

• APN Website: https://www.archpodnet.com
• APN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnet
• APN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnet
• APN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnet
• APN Shop

• Motion

In this episode, Alan is joined by Dr Gerard O’Regan, a Māori archaeologist and rock art specialist dedicated to preserving the ancient artworks of Aotearoa. With over three decades of research and fieldwork, Gerard shares how these powerful images—painted with natural pigments like red ochre and charcoal—offer a glimpse into early Māori life, belief, and identity.

From the limestone shelters of the South Island to emerging discoveries in the North, Gerard’s work weaves together archaeology, Indigenous knowledge, and cultural stewardship, protecting a fragile visual legacy through Māori-led conservation and community partnerships.

For a rough transcript head over to: https://www.archaeologypodcastnetwork.com/rockart/150

• The Rock Art Network - Gerard O’Regan
• Dating South Island Māori rock art: Pigment and pitfalls
• Episode 6 | Māori rock art | Aotearoa Unearthed

Dr. Alan Garfinkel

• avram1952@yahoo.com
• Dr. Alan Garfinkel’s Website
• Support Dr. Garfinkel on Patreon

• APN Website: https://www.archpodnet.com
• APN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnet
• APN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnet
• APN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnet
• APN Shop

• Motion

The Maya in the Río Bec region in southeastern Mexico made some of the more intricate sculptural and architectural works. What is more amazing is that, just like the cultural histories of the origin of humanity, these feats are still visitable today. So, join me as we go spelunking to find some cultural treasures in the Witz monster's mouth.

Links

Read Along ⁠for more info, pictures, and cited references.

Socials

• Bluesky: ⁠https://bsky.app/profile/renegadeartaeology.bsky.social⁠
• The Patreon:⁠ https://www.patreon.com/c/DetoursinArtaeology⁠
  Instagram: ⁠@FlyingSepiida⁠

Music Used from ⁠Scott Buckley⁠

• 'There is a Place' by Scott Buckley - released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au
• 'In Search Of Solitude' by Scott Buckley - released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au
• 'Petrichor' by Scott Buckley - released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au
• 'Castles in the Sky' by Scott Buckley - released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au
• 'Chasing Daylight' by Scott Buckley - released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au
• 'Three Sheets To The Wind' by Scott Buckley - released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au
• 'Wayfarer' by Scott Buckley - released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au
• 'Undertow' by Scott Buckley - released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au
• 'The Vision' by Scott Buckley - released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au
• 'Echoes' by Scott Buckley - released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au
• 'Ephemera' by Scott Buckley - released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au
• 'Cirrus' by Scott Buckley - released under CC-BY 4.0. www.scottbuckley.com.au

It’s time to delve into our memories through the theme of music. This episode, Tilly, Ash, and Judith venture back in time, singing as they go! The three hosts discuss how this theme is explored within the field of archaeology, share their favourite musical anecdotes, and listen to Judith harping on (pun intended) about her current hyper-focus.

Monthly Book: The Instrumentalist (Harriet Constable)

Guess the favourite song! (as of the recording time…):

In Your Fantasy (ATEEZ)

The Mountain House (Tophouse)

Cân y cŵn (Gwyneth Glyn)

• Bard core
• Hildegard von Blingen (bard core channel)
• Groam House Museum “Pictish harp”
• Earliest carving of a Pictish harp
• Lyre of Ur example from British Museum
• Oldest flute in the world
• Waulking Song
• Llibre Vernell de Montserrat
• Christmas Advert

• Discord
• Website
• Instagram
• Email

"Little Adventure" by Sergei Chetvertnykh

For rough transcripts of this episode, go to: https://www.archaeologypodcastnetwork.com/archaeo-book-club/05

• APN Website: https://www.archpodnet.com
• APN on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/archpodnet
• APN on Twitter: https://www.twitter.com/archpodnet
• APN on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/archpodnet
• APN Store

• Motion