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Real Roman History

Real Roman History

著者： Hugo Prudentius
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Real Roman History is a comprehensive, chronological account of Rome from its origins to its end—told with the depth the subject deserves. This is not a highlight reel. Every major figure, every turning point, and every war gets the full treatment: the stories as the Romans told them, the ancient sources and what they got right and wrong, and the historical arguments that scholars are still having today. Hugo Prudentius takes listeners from the kings of the early city through the Republic, the civil wars, the empire, and beyond—episode by episode, in sequence, without skipping the parts that made Rome what it was. If other Roman history podcasts have left you wanting more, you've found the right one.

All rights reserved. アート 世界 哲学 政治・政府 政治学 文学史・文学批評 社会科学 科学
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  • Episode 91. Pompeii and Herculaneum: The Preserved Cities

    Episode 91. Pompeii and Herculaneum: The Preserved Cities
    2026/09/24
    Works Cited Primary Sources Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum, Volume IV. Edited by Karl Zangemeister with Richard Schoene, Berlin, Walter de Gruyter, 1871; supplementary volumes throughout the twentieth century. The principal printed source for the Pompeian graffiti, with over eleven thousand individual inscriptions catalogued. Specific items cited in the episode include CIL IV 1645 (Successus the weaver and Iris), CIL IV 1880 (the latrine inscription), CIL IV 1928 (Marcellus and Praenestina), CIL IV 2175 (the Lupanar wall), and CIL IV 7065 (the Apelles comparison).Fiorelli, Giuseppe. Pompeianarum Antiquitatum Historia. 1860–1864. The principal source for the development of the plaster cast technique introduced in 1863 and the systematic recording standards that brought Pompeii from royal treasure house to scientific site. Fiorelli's regional and insula numbering system remains the standard reference system today.Notizie degli Scavi di Antichità. Official publication of the Italian archaeological administration. The principal continuing record of excavations at Pompeii and Herculaneum from the late nineteenth century to the present. The Great Pompeii Project publications since 2013 are the current standard for new discoveries.The Pompeii and Herculaneum archaeological record. Continuous excavation and conservation, 1748 to the present. The cities themselves are the principal primary source for this episode; the literary frame is minimal. The archaeological evidence—the houses, the workshops, the streets, the bodies, the carbonised foodstuffs, the wall decorations—is the testimony.Archaeological Evidence Bakery of Modestus. Region VII Insula 1, Pompeii. The carbonised loaves still in the oven, recovered in the early twentieth century. Eighty-one loaves preserved exactly in shape, now at the Naples National Archaeological Museum.House of the Faun. Region VI Insula 12, Pompeii. Used here for the pre-Roman wealthy household's continuity into the Roman period and for the Alexander Mosaic (now at the Naples National Archaeological Museum).House of the Vettii. Region VI Insula 15, Pompeii. Used here as the principal example of Fourth Style domestic decoration and freedman commercial success: the atrium frescoes, the dining room programme, the integration of decorative wealth with the household's freedman origins.Lupanar. Region VII Insula 12, Pompeii. The only purpose-built brothel positively identified at the site. Used here as the principal evidence for Roman sexuality and for the integration of slave labour into urban commercial life: the frescoes, the small rooms with stone beds, and the graffiti recording prostitutes by name and price.Thermopolium of Asellina (Region IX Insula 11) and the 2020 Region V thermopolium discovery. Used here as the principal examples of the Roman urban fast food economy, with counters, dolia, and (in the Asellina case) a box of coins still under the counter representing the day's takings.Villa of the Mysteries. Suburban Pompeii. Used here for the fresco cycle depicting what appears to be the initiation into a Dionysiac mystery cult. The interpretation of the scenes remains debated in modern scholarship.Villa of the Papyri. Herculaneum. Probably owned by Lucius Calpurnius Piso Caesoninus, consul of 58 BCE and father-in-law of Julius Caesar. The library of approximately 1,800 carbonised Greek philosophical scrolls, primarily Epicurean texts including works by Philodemus of Gadara. The principal site for the Vesuvius Challenge computational reading project.Secondary Sources Allison, Penelope. Pompeian Households: An Analysis of the Material Culture. Cotsen Institute of Archaeology, 2004. The standard work on Pompeian domestic evidence. The reading of the houses as evidence about household organisation, rather than as architectural showcases, follows Allison's approach.Beard, Mary. The Fires of Vesuvius: Pompeii Lost and Found. Harvard University Press, 2008. The standard accessible treatment in modern scholarship. Used here for the broader context of Pompeian daily life.Benefiel, Rebecca, and Peter Keegan, eds. Inscriptions in the Private Sphere in the Greco-Roman World. Brill, 2016. For the scholarly treatment of the Pompeian graffiti as a body of evidence for vernacular Latin and ordinary social life.Levin-Richardson, Sarah. The Brothel of Pompeii: Sex, Class, and Gender at the Margins of Roman Society. Cambridge University Press, 2019. The current standard scholarly treatment of the Lupanar. The handling of the slavery dimension in this episode follows Levin-Richardson's analysis; the work approaches the site with the clear-eyed attention that the evidence requires.Sider, David. The Library of the Villa dei Papiri at Herculaneum. J. Paul Getty Trust, 2005. The standard scholarly treatment of the Villa of the Papyri library through the late twentieth century, prior to the computational recoveries beginning in 2023.Wallace-Hadrill, Andrew. Herculaneum: Past and ...
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    53 分
  • Episode 90. The Eruption of Vesuvius

    Episode 90. The Eruption of Vesuvius
    2026/09/24
    Works Cited Primary Sources
    • Cassius Dio. Roman History, Books 66.21–66.23. The eruption account, surviving only through the eleventh-century epitome by John Xiphilinus. Includes legendary elements about giants emerging from Vesuvius and visions in the air, which should be read as later cultural processing of the event rather than primary testimony.
    • Pliny the Younger. Letters, 6.16 and 6.20. The two letters to Tacitus describing the death of Pliny the Elder and the flight from Misenum. Eyewitness testimony from a survivor who was seventeen years old at the time of the events and roughly forty-five at the time of writing. Together they form one of the most extraordinary primary sources for any single event in the ancient world, and are drawn on directly at several key moments in this episode.
    • Seneca. Natural Questions, Book 6. The most extensive surviving Roman discussion of the 62 CE earthquake and of Roman thinking about the natural philosophy of volcanic and seismic phenomena. Seneca treated the earthquake as a substantial puzzle of natural philosophy. He does not appear to have recognised it as a volcanic precursor.
    • Strabo. Geography, 5.4.8. For Strabo's awareness of Vesuvius's volcanic origins. Strabo, writing under Augustus, looked at the mountain and noted that its summit appeared to have been burned by fire. He thought this was ancient history.
    • Suetonius. Life of Titus, Chapter 8, in The Twelve Caesars. For the imperial response to the eruption. Suetonius's account of Titus's relief commission of ex-consuls and his two personal visits to the region is brief but informative.
    • Tacitus. Annals, 15.22. For the earthquake of 62 CE. Tacitus would have covered the eruption itself in the lost books of the Histories. The loss is consequential.


    Archaeological Evidence
    • Carbonised autumn produce, braziers, and pressed-grape fermentation evidence. Pompeii archaeological record, accumulating since the 1990s. The supporting body of evidence for the October dating, including pomegranates, walnuts, figs in autumn ripeness, charcoal-burning braziers in living rooms, and dolia containing actively fermenting must from the just-pressed vintage.
    • House V.6.12 charcoal inscription. Great Pompeii Project, Italian Ministry of Culture, discovered October 2018. The decisive epigraphic evidence for the autumn dating of the eruption. The date stamp XVI K. Novembres—the sixteenth day before the calends of November, October 17—on a charcoal graffito that could not have survived long exposure, constraining the eruption to after that date.


    Secondary Sources
    • Beard, Mary. The Fires of Vesuvius: Pompeii Lost and Found. Harvard University Press, 2008. The standard accessible treatment of Pompeii in modern scholarship. Used here for the broader context of the eruption and for the structure of the surviving evidence.
    • Great Pompeii Project. Italian Ministry of Culture. Ongoing publications. Continues to update the archaeological record. The 2018 inscription discovery is the most consequential single contribution to the dating problem in the modern period.
    • Sigurdsson, Haraldur, et al. Volcanological reconstructions of the 79 CE eruption. The scientific reconstruction of the eruption mechanics, including the column height, the fall rate, the pyroclastic surge sequence S1 through S6, and the temperature profiles at the leading edges of the surges. The figures used in this episode follow Sigurdsson's published estimates.
    • Wallace-Hadrill, Andrew. Herculaneum: Past and Future. Frances Lincoln, 2011. For the Herculaneum boatshed bodies and the distinctive preservation profile of the western settlement.


    Support this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/real-roman-history/donations
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    44 分
  • Episode 89. Vespasian's Reign

    Episode 89. Vespasian's Reign
    2026/09/24
    Works Cited Primary Sources
    • Cassius Dio. Roman History, Books 65–66. Surviving only through the eleventh-century epitome compiled by the Byzantine monk John Xiphilinus. The narrative continuity for the reign depends substantially on Xiphilinus's selection and compression, and is flagged where relied on. Cassius Dio's original treatment was almost certainly considerably more extensive than what Xiphilinus preserved.
    • Epictetus. Discourses, 1.2.19–21. Used for the exchange between Vespasian and Helvidius Priscus. Epictetus is writing perhaps fifty years after the events, around 100 to 120 CE, but had heard the story from people who were present in the Senate. A partisan source—Epictetus was himself a Stoic, and Helvidius was the model he was holding up to his students—but the substance of the confrontation is consistent with everything else we know.
    • Josephus, Flavius. The Jewish War, Book 7. Used here for the Flavian triumph of 71 CE. Josephus was an eyewitness to the triumph, living in Rome at the time as a freedman of the Flavian house. His account is the most detailed extant description of a Roman triumph from anyone who watched one.
    • Pliny the Elder. Natural History, 3.30. Contemporary source, written during Vespasian's reign and dedicated to Titus. Used here for the Spanish ius Latii grant and for scattered references to the Flavian court throughout the work. Pliny would die at Stabiae during the Vesuvius eruption of 79 CE, three months after Vespasian's death.
    • Suetonius. Life of Vespasian, in The Twelve Caesars. The principal biographical source for the reign, used throughout. Suetonius's Flavian sources were broadly favourable to Vespasian, but he also draws on hostile material where available. The narrative shape of the reign in this episode follows Suetonius's structure, with selective use of his anecdotal material where independent corroboration exists.
    • Tacitus. Histories, Books 4–5. The text breaks off in late 70 CE. The principal Latin narrative of Vespasian's reign was almost certainly contained in books now lost—one of the most consequential gaps in the surviving Latin historical tradition. What we can reconstruct of Tacitus's view of the reign comes from his Agricola and Annals.

    Inscriptions
    • CIL VI 40454a. Reconstructed dedicatory inscription of the Colosseum. The fragmentary inscription suggesting ex manubiis funding from the Jewish War spoils. Discovered and reconstructed in the late twentieth century. The reconstruction is contested in detail, but the manubial funding claim is widely accepted.
    • The Fasti of the Flavian period. The official lists of consuls and other magistrates, used here for the censorship of 73–74 CE and the joint consulships of Vespasian and Titus throughout the reign.

    Secondary Sources
    • Birley, Anthony R. The biographies of the second-century emperors. Various publishers. Birley's biographies of Hadrian, Marcus Aurelius, and Septimius Severus collectively provide the long-arc context for the Flavian foundations laid by Vespasian's reforms.
    • Jones, Brian W. The Emperor Domitian. Routledge, 1992. Essential for the Flavian background, particularly for the dynastic arrangements and Domitian's position during Vespasian's reign.
    • Levick, Barbara. Vespasian. Routledge, 1999. The standard scholarly biography of Vespasian. The structural reading of the reign in this episode follows Levick's analysis at several points.


    Support this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/real-roman-history/donations
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    51 分
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