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Paper Towns

Paper Towns

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 In 1942, America’s West Coast lived with the very real fear of enemy attack. Pearl Harbor was still fresh in memory, submarines had shelled the Ellwood oil fields near Santa Barbara, and blackouts were part of daily life. People who lived and worked in factories across the country, especially in the PNW, were worried.So the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers turned to an unlikely ally: Hollywood.Boeing’s Plant 2 in Seattle became “Boeing Wonderland,” a 23–26 acre rooftop neighborhood complete with plywood houses, chicken-wire shrubs, and painted streets that matched the real neighborhood across the river. The goal? Convince any bomber pilot or aerial reconnaissance photographer that nothing of importance was below.I love these stories because they sit at the intersection of creativity, fear, and survival. Ordinary people walked those fake streets every day, maintaining an illusion that quite literally helped protect the home front. It doesn't seem like it could be real. But it was.They didn’t just build factories. They built neighborhoods in the sky.Sources & further readingBoeing (Seattle) Plant 2 camouflage & “Boeing Wonderland”: HistoryLink on Boeing & Washington aerospace (notes Plant 2 camouflage); HistoryLink on South Park Bridge entry (Detlie, 26 acres, materials); 99% Invisible feature on the 23-acre fake suburb; Flying Magazine retrospective (Dec 13, 2024); Museum of Flight Plant 2 notice; Wikipedia (Plant 2) for reference trail to Seattle Times coverage. HistoryLink+199% InvisibleFLYING MagazineMuseum of FlightWikipedia Douglas Aircraft, Santa Monica (Clover Field):. Calispherelosangeles.spaceforce.mil Lockheed Burbank “Operation Camouflage”: Lockheed Martin history page; LAist longform on disguise of the airport/factory complex; Airmail feature summarizing Ohmer’s work and the 5,000-ft test. Lockheed MartinLAistAir Mail; Army Air Force official history (Air Defense of the Western Hemisphere) on perceived West Coast danger in 1942; Oregon Secretary of State archive on Japanese attacks (Ellwood shelling, balloon bombs); U.S. Strategic Bombing Survey. IbiblioOregon Secretary of StateAir UniversityWillow Run background: Detroit Historical Society encyclopedia entry; The Henry Ford collection set on Willow Run; warfarehistorynetwork overview of Willow Run production. Detroit Historical SocietyThe Henry FordWarfare History Network To hear more, visit jbchambers.substack.com
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