Comprehensive overview of "red eye", a common ophthalmic complaint, emphasizing the differentiated diagnostic and management approaches required for adult and pediatric populations. It outlines the etiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic challenges associated with red eye, ranging from benign conditions like conjunctivitis to sight-threatening emergencies such as acute angle-closure glaucoma or orbital cellulitis. The sources highlight the importance of systematic clinical evaluation, including detailed history taking, a thorough ocular examination (utilizing the VVEEPP mnemonic and specialized tools like the slit lamp), and appropriate ancillary tests (like fluorescein staining and imaging studies). Furthermore, the text addresses specific management principles like pain relief, the use of mydriatic agents, and antimicrobial strategies, always stressing the critical need for age-specific considerations and prompt ophthalmologic consultation for high-risk cases, particularly in pediatric patients where conditions like child abuse are also considered.

Pediatric Resuscitation: this podcast offers an in-depth look at emergency care for children, focusing on three critical areas. First, it thoroughly addresses pediatric cardiac arrest, detailing its principles, causes, survival rates, and the importance of high-quality, uninterrupted compressions and ventilations. Second, the source examines septic shock in children, highlighting its prevalence, varying hemodynamic presentations, and the crucial role of timely fluid resuscitation and antibiotic administration. Finally, we discuss Brief Resolved Unexplained events (BRUE's), outlining their presentation, diagnostic considerations, and disposition strategies, while also emphasizing the benefits of family presence during pediatric resuscitations.

A comprehensive overview of procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA), specifically focusing on pediatric patients. They detail the historical evolution of pain and sedation management, including the development and re-evaluation of various sedative and analgesic agents like propofol, ketamine, and opioids, alongside local and topical anesthetics. The texts also highlight best practices in pain assessment and nonpharmacologic interventions, such as the use of child life specialists and parental presence. Furthermore, they address monitoring protocols, safety considerations, and the ongoing challenge of oligoanesthesia (undertreatment of pain), emphasizing its negative consequences and outlining the roles of key organizations in shaping clinical guidelines.