Humans have had an insatiable appetite for inhibiting production of prostaglandins for centuries! This series delves into the history of aspirin and NSAIDs, looking at the understanding of the prostaglandin pathway.

· Intro 0:12

· In this episode 0:23

· What are NSAIDs? 0:53

· Prostaglandins 5:50

· What are prostaglandins? 7:19

· Where do prostaglandins come from? 8:45

· So, what do we do with prostaglandins? 13:15

· How did they figure out prostaglandins? 13:55

· Naming the prostaglandin 21:25

· Phospholipids 24:46

· Arachidonic acid 25:28

· Arachidonic acid into prostaglandins: how do you prove it? 26:32

· How does arachidonic acid turn into prostaglandins? 27:27

· Cyclo-oxygenase 28:36

· mRNA and COX-2 32:50

· On the next episode 35:55

· Summary 36:38

· Thanks for listening 37:49

Disclosures: Brown reports no relevant financial disclosures.

We’d love to hear from you! Send your comments/questions to Dr. Brown at rheuminationspodcast@healio.com. Follow us on Twitter @HRheuminations @AdamJBrownMD @HealioRheum.

References:

Botting RM. Pharmacol Rep. 2010;doi:10.1016/s1734-1140(10)70308-x.

Flower RJ. Br J Pharmacol. 2006;doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0706506.

Flower RJ. Br J Pharmacol. 2019;doi:10.1111/bph.14588.

Kurzrok R, et al. Exp Biol Med. 1930;doi:10.3181/00379727-28-5265.

https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1970/euler/biographical/.

von Euler US. J Physiol. 1936;doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1936.sp003433.

This episode digs into the pathophysiology of urticaria vasculitis from anti-C1q to the story of bradykinin.

· Intro 0:11

· In this episode 0:22

· Review of episode 83 1:23

· Listen to previous episode, The Complement System for Dunces 4:09

· Anti-C1q antibodies 6:26

· Lupus, anti-C1q and lupus nephritis 9:33

· What happens when you inject anti-C1q in a mouse? 12:56

· The allergy component: anti-C1q, urticaria and angioedema 17:36

· Bradykinin-mediated angioedema and C1q deficiency 24:20

· What is the kinin kallikrein system? 26:21

· French researchers in 1909: human urine injected in dogs 27:30

· How is this relevant to urticarial vasculitis? 31:08

· SERPING1 gene mutation 31:23

· Summary 32:06

· COPD association with urticarial vasculitis 33:51

· Coming up in episode 85 35:28

· Thanks for listening 35:45

Disclosures: Brown reports no relevant financial disclosures.

We’d love to hear from you! Send your comments/questions to Dr. Brown at rheuminationspodcast@healio.com. Follow us on Twitter @HRheuminations @AdamJBrownMD @HealioRheum.

References:

Busse P, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2022;doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2021.11.011.

Davis MDP, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018;doi:10.1016/j.jaip.2018.05.006.

Dorn JM, et al. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2023;doi:10.1016/j.anai.2023.06.014.

Marzano AV, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2022;doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2022.02.007.

Siegert CE, et al. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1993;doi:10.1006/clin.1993.1066.

Stojan G, et al. Lupus. 2016;doi:10.1177/0961203316645205.

Venzor J, et al. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2002;doi:10.1385/CRIAI:23:2:201.

Wisnieski JJ, et al. Medicine. 1995;doi:10.1097/00005792-199501000-00003.

Is it an allergy or an autoimmune vasculitis, or a little of both? Find out the story of urticarial vasculitis, how this disease was recognized and eventually sorted out from other types of urticaria.

· Intro 0:12

· In this episode 0:21

· Case study 1:22

· Chronic spontaneous urticaria, hives and nettles 7:57

· Dermatographism and witchcraft? 10:15

· Causes of urticaria 11:17

· Theory of inflammation and histamines 11:40

· Urticaria and treatments with histamines 12:09

· Types of urticaria 13:02

· Mayo Clinic study 13:39

· Chronic urticaria as a manifestation of necrotizing venulitis 16:10

· Connection between types of urticaria and leukocytoclastic vasculitis 20:02

· More case studies 20:38

· What do we know about treatments? 22:23

· In conclusion 24:15

· Coming up in part two 25:08

· Thanks for listening 25:47

Disclosures: Brown reports no relevant financial disclosures.

We’d love to hear from you! Send your comments/questions to Dr. Brown at rheuminationspodcast@healio.com. Follow us on Twitter @HRheuminations @AdamJBrownMD @HealioRheum.

References:

Czarnetzki BM. Int J Dermatol. 1989;doi:10.1111/j.1365-4362.1989.tb01314.x.

Kolkhir P, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2019;doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2018.09.007.

McDuffie FC, et al. Mayo Clin Proc. 1973;48(5):340-8.

Natbony SF, et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1983;doi:10.1016/0091-6749(83)90096-9.

Soter NA. N Engl J Med. 1977;doi:10.1056/NEJM197706232962505.