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Join us as Wim Vertriest, head of field gemmology at GIA, shares his journey from geology to gemmology, insights into Mozambique rubies, and the fascinating science behind gemstone origin determination. Discover how field gemmology connects geology, anthropology, and the gemstone trade to deepen your understanding of these precious stones.

Key topics

Wim Vertriest's journey from geology to gemmology

Insights into Mozambique ruby deposits and mining practices

The role of field gemmology in understanding gemstone origins

Scientific techniques for gemstone identification and origin determination

The impact of Mozambique rubies on the global gemstone market

Guest name

Wim Vertriest

Titles

The Science and Secrets of Mozambique Rubies: An Interview with Wim Vertriest

From Geology to Gemmology: Wim Vertriest's Journey at GIA

sound bites

"Gemmology is about understanding the whole ecosystem."

"Heat treatment leaves subtle but detectable clues."

"My favourite gemstone is the Cat's Eye Chrysoberyl."

Chapters

00:00 Introduction to Gemmology and Guest Background

02:57 Wim's Journey into Gemmology

05:19 The Role of Field Gemmology

07:55 Understanding Gemstone Origins

10:14 Geological Mysteries of Rubies

12:39 The Impact of Mining on Gemstones

15:12 The Evolution of Consumer Awareness

17:43 Building a Reliable Gemstone Collection

20:30 The Multidisciplinary Nature of Field Gemmology

23:04 Exploring the Origins of Sapphires

24:09 Field Gemmology: Balancing Lab Work and Expeditions

26:03 Research-Driven Gemmology: Filling Knowledge Gaps

27:39 Emerging Trends in Gemstone Popularity

29:24 The Challenges of Diamond Origin Determination

30:37 Identifying Gemstones: The Art of Exclusion

33:23 Declassifying Misidentified Stones

39:55 The Canary in the Coal Mine: Ruby Heating Experiments

44:18 The Chemistry of Gemstones

46:47 Advanced Techniques in Gemmology

48:08 The Rise of Mozambique Rubies

52:42 The Evolution of Ruby Mining

58:42 Changing Perceptions of Rubies

01:01:11 The Future of Gemmology

resources

GIA Official Website - https://www.gia.edu

Gems and Gemology Journal - https://www.gia.edu/gems-gemology

Mozambique Ruby Mining Insights (Report) - https://www.gia.edu/mozambique-ruby-report

Wim Vertriest's Profile on LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/wimvertriest

Guest links

LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/wimvertriest

GIA Profile - https://www.gia.edu/wim-vertriest

gemmology, gemstones, Mozambique rubies, gemstone origin, field gemmology, GIA, gem research, gemstone mining, gemstone identification, gem science

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In this episode of Facet Nation, Simon and Lucinda delve into the fascinating world of gemmology, focusing on the spectroscope and its critical role in identifying gemstones. They discuss the different types of spectroscopes, techniques for using them, and the importance of diagnostic spectra in gem identification. The conversation is rich with insights into the nuances of color absorption and the practical applications of these tools in the field. The hosts also share personal anecdotes and tips for gem enthusiasts, making the episode both informative and engaging.

Takeaways

The spectroscope is essential for identifying gemstones.

There are two main types of handheld spectroscopes: prism and diffraction grating.

Using a spectroscope can help you understand how gemstones absorb light.

Techniques for using a spectroscope include transmitted and reflected light methods.

Diagnostic spectra are crucial for identifying specific gemstones.

Understanding colour absorption helps in gem identification.

The spectroscope can be used on both rough and polished stones.

Learning the diagnostic spectra of gemstones is beneficial for gemmologists.

The conversation emphasises the importance of practical experience in gemmology.

Future episodes will cover more advanced topics in gemmology.

"We're going to talk about the spectroscope."

"It's a really good one."

"You can't see it, but it's there."

Chapters

00:00 Introduction to Gemmology and Recent Finds

02:06 Exploring the Spectroscope: A Gemmologist's Tool

11:16 Understanding Dispersion and Diffraction in Gemstones

18:39 Techniques for Using the Spectroscope

22:31 Diagnostic Spectra and Their Importance

26:53 The Art of Writing and Dashes

29:41 Understanding Spectrums: Zircon and Ruby

32:18 Emerald and Alexandrite Spectrums

35:03 Synthetic and Natural Sapphires

37:28 Exploring Iron Spectrums in Gemstones

40:03 The Spectrum of Garnets and Jadeite

42:42 Cobalt Spectrums: Spinel and Glass

45:31 Rare Earth Elements and Red Glass

47:59 Diamonds and Their Unique Spectra

gemmology, spectroscope, gemstones, diagnostic spectra, colour absorption, gem identification, gemmology techniques, gem enthusiasts, gem collectors, gemstone analysis, gemology

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In this episode of the Facet nation gemmology podcast, Lucinda and Simon explore the intricate world of colour in gemstones. They discuss the significance of colour in determining the value of gemstones, the science of light and how it interacts with materials to create colour, and the chemical elements responsible for these hues. The conversation also covers the colour wheel and its relevance to gemstones, the methods of analysing gemstones through spectroscopy, and the perception of colour. The episode concludes with a teaser for future discussions on more complex topics related to colour in gemmology.

Takeaways

Colour is the most important aspect of coloured gemstones.

The value of gemstones is influenced by colour, history, and trends.

Light is essential for colour perception in gemstones.

Selective absorption determines the colour we see in gemstones.

Eight chemical elements are responsible for colour in gemstones.

The colour wheel helps understand colour relationships in gemstones.

Not all light sources are suitable for gemstone analysis.

Spectroscopy is a key tool in analysing gemstone colours.

Understanding the science of colour enhances appreciation for gemstones.

Future episodes will explore more complex topics in gemmology.

Titles

Exploring the Colour Spectrum of Gemstones

The Science Behind Gemstone Colours

Sound bites

"Everything comes back to light."

"Not all white light is created equal."

"If there is no light, does colour exist?"

Chapters

00:00 Introduction to Colour in Gemmology

01:50 The Importance of Colour in Gemstones

04:34 Understanding Light and Colour

09:11 Chemical Elements and Colour

12:29 The Colour Wheel and Its Application

16:15 Spectroscopy and Light Sources

21:16 Conclusion and Future Topics

gemstones, colour, light, spectroscopy, chemical elements, colour wheel, gemmology, ruby, sapphire, emerald

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In this episode of Facet Nation, hosts Lucinda and Simon welcome gem cutter Justin K Prim, who shares his fascinating journey from music to gemmology. Justin discusses his experiences in the gem trade, the art and science of gem cutting, and the importance of community in the field. He also delves into his favorite gemstones, the challenges of the trade, and his exciting new projects, including a gem cutting school and a museum showcasing his extensive collection of machines and books.

Find out more:
https://www.magusgems.com
https://www.facetingapprentice.com

Takeaways

Justin transitioned from a career in music to gem cutting.

He discovered the gem trade through a local gem show.

Lapidary clubs play a crucial role in learning gem cutting.

Emeralds are Justin's favourite gemstones to cut.

The gem cutting process requires patience and attention to detail.

Community support is vital for aspiring gem cutters.

Justin emphasises the importance of creativity in gem cutting.

He is excited about his new gem cutting school and museum.

The gem trade is evolving, with a growing appreciation for well-cut stones.

Justin's books aim to educate and inspire future gem cutters.

Titles

From Music to Gemmology: Justin K Prim's Journey

The Art of Gem Cutting with Justin K Prim

Sound bites

"I want to keep cutting."

"I love cutting emeralds."

"It's a mystery."

Chapters

00:00 Introduction to Gemmology and Guest Introduction

01:13 Justin's Journey into Gem Cutting

05:19 Discovering the Gem Trade

09:06 The Evolution of Gem Cutting Community

11:45 Getting Started in Lapidary

14:47 The Art of Gem Cutting

16:18 Moving to Bangkok for Gemmology School

20:20 Building a Career in Gem Cutting

23:07 Life in France and the Gem Business

25:47 The Process of Cutting a Gemstone

27:01 The Art of Preforming and Cutting Gems

29:54 Polishing and Final Touches in Gem Cutting

31:54 Exploring Different Faceting Techniques

33:43 The Journey of Learning and Experimentation

36:30 Building a Gem Cutting School and Museum

38:15 The Passion Behind Gem Cutting and Teaching

42:29 The Evolution of Gem Cutting Techniques

47:32 Historical Insights into Gem Cutting

52:36 The Importance of Quality in Gemstones

54:57 Understanding Coloured Stones vs. Diamonds

56:28 The Journey of a Gemstone Buyer

58:53 Emotional Connections in Jewellery Making

01:04:48 The Art of Cutting Gemstones

01:06:23 Future Plans and Collaborations

gemmology, gem cutting, gemstones, lapidary, gem trade, gem cutter, gem education, gem collection, gem stories, gem enthusiasts, books, gem history, museum

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In this episode of Facet Nation, hosts Lucinda and Simon interview Jeff Hapeman, owner of Earth's Treasury, who shares his unique journey from academia to the gem industry. Jeff discusses the fascinating world of Montana sapphires, the challenges and opportunities within the gem market, and the importance of ethical sourcing and cutting techniques. The conversation highlights the growing popularity of coloured stones and the evolving consumer preferences in jewellery design. In this engaging conversation, Jeff Hapeman discusses the intricacies of gem cutting, the inspirations behind his jewellery designs, and the fascinating world of photomicrography. He shares insights into the judging process for the Gem-A Photographer of the Year and reflects on his experiences with Montana sapphires, emphasising the beauty and uniqueness of gemstones.

Takeaways

Jeff transitioned from academia to gemmology after realising academia wasn't for him.

Earth's Treasury focuses on American gemstones, particularly Montana sapphires.

Montana sapphires offer a unique variety of colours and qualities.

The gem industry faces challenges with sourcing and environmental regulations.

Jeff emphasises the importance of ethical sourcing in the gem market.

The rise of coloured stones reflects changing consumer preferences.

Gem cutting techniques can significantly affect the appearance of stones.

There is a growing awareness of the importance of quality cutting in coloured stones.

Jeff believes that coloured stones are becoming more popular among younger generations.

The future of gemmuology will likely see continued growth in the colored stone market. The pavilion angle needs to be steeper for optimal performance.

Jewellery is bespoke and designed specifically for each stone.

Sphene is a captivating gem with unique dispersion.

The Garnet Supernova necklace was inspired by a collector's love for Art Deco.

Colour is a key element in trendy jewellery designs.

Photomicrography reveals the intricate beauty of gemstones.

Judging photography involves assessing technical skill and aesthetic appeal.

Montana sapphires are mined in limited quantities, often yielding smaller stones.

Patience and persistence are essential in gemstone photography.

The journey of a gemstone from rough to finished piece is a labor of love.

Titles

The Art of Gem Cutting: Insights from Jeff Hapeman

Design Inspirations: Crafting Unique Jewellery

Sound bites

"I try to minimise the waste."

"They look awesome."

"I love all gems equally."

Chapters

00:00 Introduction to Gemmology and Guest Introduction

03:24 Jeff Hapeman's Unique Journey into Gemmology

08:41 The Birth of Earth's Treasury and Business Evolution

12:14 Montana Sapphires: A Gemstone Revolution

19:55 The Appeal of Coloured Stones in Modern Jewellery

23:29 The Future of Diamonds and Coloured Gemstones

27:41 Exploring Unique Garnets and Tourmalines

29:02 Innovative Cuts for Montana Sapphires

31:35 The Art of Precision Cutting

33:30 Designing Jewellery with Timeless Inspiration

37:50 Creating Signature Jewellery Designs

42:38 The World of Photomicrography

47:41 Judging the GemA Photographer of the Year

49:26 The Art of Inclusion Photography

52:06 Patience in Photography and Nature

53:24 Experiences in the UK and Gemmology

56:14 Self-Publishing and the Journey of a Book

58:11 The Reality of Sapphire Mining

gemmology, Montana sapphires, Jeff Hapeman, Earth's Treasury, gem cutting, coloured stones, jewellery design, gem industry, gem trends, American gemstones, gem cutting, jewelry design, photomicrography, gemstone

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In this episode of Facet Nation, Simon and Lucinda delve into the intricacies of the refractometer, a crucial tool for gemmologists. They discuss its importance in identifying gemstones by measuring the refractive index, emphasising how light behaves when it enters different materials. The hosts share personal anecdotes and practical tips for using the refractometer effectively, including the significance of using the right light source and the challenges posed by contact fluid. They also highlight common pitfalls and best practices to ensure accurate readings, making the episode both informative and engaging for listeners interested in gemmology.

Throughout the conversation, Simon and Lucinda provide insights into the technical aspects of the refractometer, such as total internal reflection and the importance of clean surfaces. They also touch on the emotional aspects of studying gemmology, sharing their experiences with exam preparation and the sense of community among gemmology students. The episode concludes with a light-hearted discussion about the challenges of using the refractometer and the importance of practice in mastering this essential tool.

Keywords

gemmology, refractometer, gemstone identification, light refraction, gemmology tools, refractive index, gemmologist tips, gemmology podcast, optical properties, gemstones, gem testing, light and optics, education, science

Takeaways

The refractometer is essential for identifying gemstones.

Using the correct light source is crucial for accurate readings.

Practice makes perfect when using the refractometer.

Keep the glass table of the refractometer clean to avoid inaccurate results.

Understanding total internal reflection is key to using the refractometer.

Titles

Mastering the Refractometer: Essential Tips for Gemmologists

Unlocking the Secrets of Gemstone Identification with the Refractometer

Sound bites

"Not having a refractometer is like going into battle with a spoon."

"Sodium yellow light is the agreed upon standard."

"When in doubt, get your refractometer out."

Chapters

00:00 Introduction to the Refractometer

01:52 Understanding Refraction and Its Importance

04:53 How the Refractometer Works

10:22 The Role of RI Fluid in Testing

14:10 Interpreting Shadow Edges and RI Readings

19:08 Birefringence and Its Significance

22:56 Identifying Uniaxial vs. Biaxial Stones

25:24 Understanding Biaxial Materials

28:13 Distant Vision Reading Techniques

32:52 Practical Tips for Using a Refractometer

36:29 House Rules for Refractometry

41:30 Final Thoughts on Refractometer Use

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In this episode of Facet Nation, Lucinda and Simon discuss their experiences preparing for and taking the Gem-A exams, particularly focusing on the diploma exam. They share personal anecdotes about their study strategies, the unique challenges of the Gem-A exams, and tips for managing exam anxiety. The conversation covers various aspects of preparation, including the importance of understanding the material deeply, utilizing practice papers, and the significance of real-world application in gemmology. They also reflect on their experiences during the exam days, offering insights into the practical and theory components of the exams, and conclude with advice for future candidates.

Exams can be stressful, but preparation helps alleviate anxiety.

Gem-A exams are known for their difficulty and require deep understanding.

Different study methods work for different people; find what suits you best.

Real-world application of gemmology knowledge enhances understanding.

Start preparing early to build a solid foundation of knowledge.

Utilise flashcards and practice papers for effective revision.

Stay calm and organised during the exam to maximise performance.

The invigilators are supportive and there to help you succeed.

It's normal not to doubt yourself during the exam; trust your knowledge.

Post-exam discussions can help clarify doubts and reduce anxiety.

Navigating the Gem-A Exam Experience

Mastering Gemmology: Exam Strategies and Insights

Sound bites

"I was really worried about the practical."

"You can get two wrong and still pass."

"I still have dreams about it."

Chapters

00:00 Introduction to Exam Season Anxiety

02:38 Understanding GEM-A Exams

05:31 Preparing for the Diploma Exam

07:53 Study Strategies and Techniques

10:47 Real-World Application of Gemmology

13:27 Tips for Early Preparation

15:51 One Month Out: Focused Revision

18:48 The Importance of Practice Papers

21:29 Final Week Preparations

24:16 Day of the Exam: Priorities and Mindset

32:07 Navigating Exam Day Challenges

37:19 Exam Preparation Strategies

41:31 Experiencing the Exam: Insights and Reflections

51:56 Coping with Post-Exam Anxiety

55:39 Final Thoughts and Advice for Future Candidates

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Summary

In this episode, Lucinda and Simon explore the fascinating world of spinel, a gemstone often overshadowed by rubies and sapphires. They discuss its chemical composition, colour variations, and historical significance, as well as the modern rise of synthetic spinel. The conversation delves into the properties that make spinel a desirable choice for jewellery, its unique inclusions, and the testing methods used to identify it. The hosts also highlight famous spinels throughout history, emphasising the gemstone's newfound recognition and value in the gemological community.

Takeaways

Spinel is often confused with rubies and sapphires due to its similar appearance.

The chemical composition of spinel is magnesium aluminum oxide.
Spinel comes in a variety of colors, including red, blue, and black.

Spinel is a durable gemstone, making it suitable for everyday wear.

Historically, spinel was often misidentified as ruby, leading to its nickname 'balast ruby.'

The Mahenge region of Tanzania produces some of the most valuable spinels.

Spinel crystals can form in octahedral shapes, similar to diamonds.

Synthetic spinel is produced using the Van Gogh flame fusion method.

Testing spinel involves using a refractometer to determine its refractive index.
Famous spinels include the Black Prince's Ruby and the Timer Ruby.

Chapters

00:00 New Year, New Beginnings
02:07 The Allure of Spinel
03:47 Understanding Spinel's Composition
07:59 The Color Spectrum of Spinel
10:55 Spinel Crystals and Their Formation
14:08 Historical Significance and Modern Sources
17:59 Inclusions and Unique Features of Spinel
18:58 Identifying Spinel vs. Other Stones
24:06 Synthetic Spinel: The Modern Challenge
30:11 Introduction to Spinels and Spectroscopy
34:03 Understanding Spinel Spectra
35:40 Famous Spinels: The Black Prince's Ruby
38:06 The Historical Significance of Spinels
41:29 The Sumerian Spinel: Myths and Legends
44:32 The Cote de Bretagne Spinel: A Unique Jewel
47:10 The Modern Recognition of Spinels