This podcast outlines the latest understanding on complex climate change risk, included how our responses to climate change can increase current and future risks. It covers the escalating climate change risks, the current state and limitations of adaptation efforts, the complex nature of transboundary impacts, and the implications for global sustainable development and climate response.

It is based on the following research from the Climate Risk Lab:

• Risk from responses to a changing climate, Climate Risk Management, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2023.100487
• A framework for complex climate change risk assessment. One Earth, 4(4), 489-501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2021.03.005
• Adaptation to compound climate risks: a systematic global stocktake, iScience, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.105926
• Complex climate change risk and emerging directions for vulnerability research in Africa, Climate Risk Management, 40, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2023.100497
• Simpson & Williams. 2025. Transboundary adaption to climate change: governing flows of water, energy, food and people, https://odi.org/en/publications/transboundary-adaption-to-climate-change-governing-flows-of-water-energy-food-and-people/
• Key Risks Across Sectors and Regions. In: Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. et al., (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009325844.025