Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (CTO PCI) is a procedure used to open coronary arteries that have been completely blocked for an extended period. It offers benefits like reduced angina and improved quality of life but carries risks such as vessel injury, heart attack, and procedural failure. Before considering CTO PCI, physicians typically optimize patients on anti-anginal medications—such as beta-blockers, nitrates, and calcium channel blockers—to manage symptoms and evaluate the need for intervention.

In this interview, Drs. Anthony N. DeMaria and Lindsey Cilia examine “Risk versus Benefit in Chronic Total Occlusion Revascularization.”

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While blood thinners like warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) remain the standard for stroke prophylaxis, left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) devices offer a non-pharmacologic alternative for patients at high bleeding risk. Recent trials have shown that LAAO can be as effective as anticoagulants in preventing stroke and may be a viable option, especially for patients who cannot tolerate long-term anticoagulation.

In this interview, Drs. Anthony N. DeMaria and Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy explore the evolving landscape of stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation, focusing on the comparison between traditional blood thinners and LAAO.

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Persistent symptoms after an acute pulmonary embolism (PE) may indicate post-pulmonary embolism syndrome (PPES), a condition affecting up to 50% of patients. The most important consideration in managing PPES is to carefully evaluate and differentiate it from other potential causes of ongoing shortness of breath, particularly chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), which requires targeted treatment. How can clinicians best differentiate between PPES and other causes of persistent symptoms following an acute PE?

In this interview, Drs. Dipti Itchhaporia and Paul R. Forfia discuss “Why Are They Still Dyspneic? Post PE Syndrome Workup and Management.”

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