P5 marks the transition from backswing to downswing—the instant where stored energy begins its release. At this moment, the lead arm becomes parallel to the ground, and sequencing, rotation, and ground forces accelerate toward impact. According to the BioSwing Dynamics model, how a player transitions through P5 depends on their dominant core type: Upper, Middle, or Lower Core. Each uses distinct biomechanics to initiate motion, influence shaft angle, and control club delivery.

Upper Core Golfer – Vertical Motion

Kinematic Sequence:

Upper Core players initiate the downswing from the upper spine and shoulders, creating a strong lead-side pull pattern. The pelvis remains relatively quiet early, allowing the upper body to dominate before the hips engage.

Club Delivery:

This produces a steeper, more vertical path with minimal shaft shallowing. The club stays upright near the shoulder plane, favoring a “cover-style” move into the ball for strong compression. The trail elbow drives downward, preserving lag and guiding a descending angle of attack.

Middle Core Golfer – Balanced Motion

Kinematic Sequence:

Middle Core players display harmonic sequencing between upper and lower body. The hips initiate the downswing through rotation and pressure shift as weight transfers into the lead foot.

Club Delivery:

The shaft shallows slightly below the shoulder plane, promoting a square, neutral path. The trail elbow tucks neatly in front of the trail hip, preserving compact lag and supporting efficient, repeatable impact geometry.

Lower Core Golfer – Ground-Up Motion

Kinematic Sequence:

Lower Core golfers transition from the ground up, leading with powerful hip rotation and dynamic weight shift into the lead leg. The pelvis drives the sequence while the upper body remains stable and coiled.

Club Delivery:

Their path is rotational and shallow, with the club dropping well below the shoulder plane. This aggressive shallowing generates major lag and sets up a strong inside-out attack. The clubface is slightly closed or neutral, aligning with the rotational geometry.

Key Swing Geometry at P5

Arm and Club Path:

• Upper Core: Lead arm slightly ahead of the chest; upright shaft near shoulder plane.

• Middle Core: Arm in line with chest; shaft just below shoulder plane.

• Lower Core: Arm deeper behind the chest; shaft drops noticeably shallower.

Torso and Initiation:

• Upper Core: Transition led by shoulders—vertical and pull-driven.

• Middle Core: Balanced torso rotation maintaining posture.

• Lower Core: Lower body initiates early; chest remains over trail side.

Trail Arm & Lag:

• Upper Core: Downward elbow drive, preserved hinge.

• Middle Core: Compact elbow tuck, efficient lag retention.

• Lower Core: Tight elbow-hip connection, extreme lag for stored power.

Lower Body Action:

• Upper Core: Late hip rotation; quiet pelvis.

• Middle Core: Gradual rotation, weight into lead foot.

• Lower Core: Explosive hip rotation; lead-side pressure spike.

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