In this episode of Crafting Strategy Module Takeaways, Macarena and Grant explore how strategy moves from analysis to creation — from diagnosing what’s broken to building something coherent, resilient, and future-ready.

They trace the module’s three-act arc:

1. The Problem (LEGO) — A case study in what happens when a firm’s choices fail the three tests of a good strategy: external consistency, internal consistency, and dynamic consistency. LEGO’s turnaround under Jørgen Knudstorp illustrates how aligning these elements can rebuild advantage from the core.
2. The Process (KITEA) — Using an options-led approach, students learn to generate multiple, integrated systems of choices, test assumptions with the “what would we have to believe” method, and craft a concise strategy statementthat captures objective, scope, and advantage.
3. The Stress Test (P.F. Chang’s) — Scenario planning in the face of radical uncertainty. By exploring alternative futures through a 2×2 grid, the firm tests which strategies remain robust across shifting conditions, blending analytical rigor with managerial judgment.

The big takeaway: strategy isn’t just analysis — it’s a disciplined act of choice. Great strategists diagnose clearly, design deliberately, and decide courageously.

In this episode of Strategic Interaction Module Takeaways, Prim and Obinna unpack the moment strategy “clicked.” It’s not just what a firm does—it’s how every move triggers countermoves from rivals, regulators, suppliers, and customers. Through three vivid cases—Ryanair (retaliate or accommodate?), Fiber Optics (Corning vs. Alcatel in a game-theory chess match), and Keroche (competing when the rules keep shifting)—they show how to play the long game with dynamic consistency: do today what sets you up to win tomorrow.

Expect punchy frameworks and real-world judgment:

• Retaliation vs. accommodation—when fighting destroys value and when it preserves it.
• Closed vs. open worlds—from payoff matrices to messy markets where power and politics matter.
• Commitments & signals—visible, credible, hard-to-reverse moves that reshape rivals’ choices.
• GSCA (Goals–Strategy–Capabilities–Assumptions)—see your opponent’s blind spots before they see yours.
• Ethics & choice of game—because not every victory is worth the cost.

Fast, clear, and practical—this conversation teaches you to anticipate reactions, redesign the game, and look forward, reason back.

Welcome to Competitive Advantage Module Takeaways, where two HBS students wrap up one of the most powerful modules in the RC Strategy course: how firms actually win.

In this episode, they break down four unforgettable cases — Walmart, Royal Opera House, Hurtigruten, and Hilti — to uncover what it really means to build and sustain a competitive advantage. From Walmart’s genius in stripping out costs that customers don’t care about, to the Royal Opera House’s artful differentiation that boosts willingness to pay, to Hurtigruten’s cautionary tale about chasing growth without an edge, and finally Hilti’s bold reinvention through Fleet Management, the conversation connects the dots across every kind of business.

Through humor, clarity, and caffeine-fueled analysis, Montse and Joey make abstract strategy ideas concrete — especially the golden rule of the module: widen the wedge between willingness to pay and cost. Along the way, they revisit tools like value maps, relative cost analysis, and the Five Forces, showing how each helps firms defend and renew their advantage.

Fast, funny, and full of insight, this episode captures what makes the Competitive Advantage module a turning point in HBS Strategy — and why mastering the wedge might just change how you see every business from now on.