検索キーワード： 哲学

The concept of law lies at the heart of our social and political life. Legal philosophy, or jurisprudence, explores the notion of law and its role in society, illuminating its meaning and its relation to the universal questions of justice, rights, and morality. In this Very Short Introduction audiobook, Raymond Wacks analyzes the nature and purpose of the legal system and the practice by courts, lawyers, and judges. 

A classic work in political philosophy, intellectual history and economics, The Road to Serfdom has inspired and infuriated politicians and scholars for half a century. Originally published in 1944, it was seen as heretical for its passionate warning against the dangers of state control over the means of production. For Hayek, the collectivist idea of empowering government with increasing economic control would lead not to a utopia but to the horrors of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy.

As philosophy professor Taylor Carman explains in his helpful introduction, Edmund Husserl (1859-1938) was the founder of modern phenomenology, one of the most important and influential movements of the 20th century. Ideas, published in 1913 – its full title is Ideas for a Pure Phenomenology...

Hegel is regarded as one of the most influential figures on modern political and intellectual development. After painting Hegel's life and times in broad strokes, Peter Singer goes on to tackle some of the more challenging aspects of Hegel's philosophy. Offering a broad discussion of Hegel's ideas and an account of his major works, Singer explains what have often been considered abstruse and obscure ideas in a clear and inviting manner. 

Without question one of the most significant books in modern history, The Communist Manifesto is a brief, populist pamphlet that distils the core ideas of communism into accessible prose. Published just months before violent uprisings threatened to destabilise much of the European establishment, it outlines a view of history as a constant battle between the classes that will inevitably result in revolution.

'I can understand myself only in the light of inner happenings. It is these that make up the singularity of my life, and with these my autobiography deals' (Carl Gustav Jung) In 1957, four years before his death, Carl Gustav Jung, psychiatrist and psychologist, began writing his life story. But...

This Very Short Introduction explores the philosophical ideas and political theories belonging to one of the most important thinkers of the twentieth century. As a survivor of the Holocaust, Arendt's life informed her work exploring the meaning and construction of power, evil, totalitarianism, and direct democracy. Dana Villa explains how Arendt gained world-wide fame with the publication of The Origins of Totalitarianism, and went on to have a distinguished career as a political theorist and public intellectual.

Brought to you by Penguin. Is modernity really failing? Or have we failed to appreciate progress and the ideals that make it possible? If you follow the headlines, the world in the 21st century appears to be sinking into chaos, hatred and irrationality. Yet, as Steven Pinker shows, if you follow...

The foundation for all modern economic thought and political economy, The Wealth of Nations is the magnum opus of Scottish economist Adam Smith, who introduces the world to the very idea of economics and capitalism in the modern sense of the words.

It can be said of very few books that the world was changed as a result of its publication - but this is certainly the case of Capital: A Critique of Political Economy by Karl Marx (1818-1883). Volume 1 appeared (in German) in 1867, and the two subsequent volumes appeared at later dates after...

Matter and Memory, (Matière et Mémoire), published in 1896, was the second book written by Henri Bergson (1859-1941), one of the leading French philosophers of his age. It followed Time and Free Will (1889) and helped to establish him as a major force in anti-mechanistic thought, opposing the...

Volume 2 of Parerga and Paralipomena has a very different character from Volume 1. There are, in total, 31 Essays, 24 of which are presented here. The range of topics is very varied, opening with 'On Philosophy and Its Method' and including 'On Pantheism', 'On Ethics', 'On Jurisprudence', 'On...

In The Undiscovered Self Jung explains the essence of his teaching for an audience unfamiliar with his ideas. He highlights the importance of individual responsibility and freedom in the context of today's mass society and argues that individuals must organise themselves as effectively as the...

1812 konnte sich Carl von Clausewitz als Offizier der russischen Armee von der Schlagkraft der französischen Grande Armee überzeugen. Unter diesem Eindruck entwarf er eine Theorie des Krieges. Seine Bestandteile - Politik, Strategie und Taktik - werden untersucht und logischen Regeln unterworfen und politisch-militärische Führungsbegriffe entwickelt - Aufgaben, Verantwortung und Kompetenzen von Politik, Strategie und Taktik werden gegeneinander abgegrenzt. "Der Krieg ist die Fortsetzung der Politik mit anderen Mitteln."

First published in 1848, The Communist Manifesto remains one of the most influential and debated political texts in modern history. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels present an interpretation of history shaped by class struggle, trace the rise of the bourgeoisie, examine the position of workers...

Das Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei, auch Das Kommunistische Manifest genannt, wurde von Karl Marx und Friedrich Engels um die Jahreswende 1847/48 im Auftrag des Bundes der Kommunisten verfasst. Es ist am 21. Februar 1848 in London erschienen, kurz vor der Februarrevolution in Frankreich und vor der Märzrevolution im Deutschen Bund und in den größten Staaten dieses Bundes Österreich und Preußen. Das Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei wurde in mehr als 100 Sprachen übersetzt. Im Juni 2013 wurde es in das UNESCO-Dokumentenerbe aufgenommen.

Neste influente e original ensaio, Murray Rothbard defende que o Estado nada mais é do que uma instituição que viola tudo aquilo que consideramos honesto e moral, sempre agindo sob uma falsa aura de bondade e preocupação para com o cidadão. Ele demonstra ainda como esse mesmo Estado devasta a liberdade, destrói a civilização e ameaça a vida, a propriedade e o bem-estar social das pessoas. Em A Anatomia do Estado, Rothbard consolida tudo o que aprendeu com as tradições misesiana, liberal e anarcocapitalista.

John Locke and his works - particularly An Essay Concerning Human Understanding - are regularly and rightly presented as foundations for the Age of Enlightenment. His primary epistemological message - that the mind at birth is a blank sheet waiting to be filled by the experiences of the senses -...

To understand world politics, you need to understand how states think. Are states rational? Much of international relations theory assumes that they are. But many scholars believe that political leaders rarely act rationally. The issue is crucial for both the study and practice of international politics. John J. Mearsheimer and Sebastian Rosato argue that rational decisions in international politics rest on credible theories about how the world works and emerge from deliberative decision‑making processes.

The Tao Te Ching is a Chinese classic text written around 400 BC and traditionally credited to the sage Laozi, though the text's authorship, date of composition and date of compilation are debated. The oldest excavated portion dates back to the late 4th century BC, but modern scholarship dates other parts of the text as having been written—or at least compiled—later than the earliest portions of the Zhuangzi.