検索キーワード： 歴史・理論

On aurait tort de considérer le XIXe siècle comme lointain ou révolu. Sur bien des points, comme l'intense politisation des sociétés européennes, la diversité des pratiques de mobilisation et de contestation, l'inventivité idéologique et culturelle, la réflexion critique sur la modernité et le progrès, cette période est un laboratoire riche d'expériences et d'enseignements. Restituer les grandes dynamiques et tensions politiques qui la traversent permet non seulement de mieux comprendre les formes du changement historique, mais aussi de se repérer dans un présent incertain.

"Review of Adolph Hitler's 'Mein Kampf'" is an essay of George Orwell. "Mein Kampf" ("My Struggle" or "My Fight") is a 1925 autobiographical manifesto by Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler. The work describes the process by which Hitler became antisemitic and outlines his political ideology and future plans for Germany. Volume 1 of "Mein Kampf" was published in 1925 and Volume 2 in 1926. The book was edited first by Emil Maurice, then by Hitler's deputy Rudolf Hess.

The Covid pandemic quickly led to the greatest mobilization of emergency powers in human history. By early April 2020, half the world's population were living under quarantine. The most devastating pandemic in a century and the policies adopted in response to it upended life as we knew it. In this book, Stephen Macedo and Frances Lee examine our pandemic response and pose some provocative questions: Why did we ignore pre-Covid plans for managing a pandemic? Did we adequately consider the costs and benefits of different policy options?

The Prince by Niccolò Machiavelli is a timeless political treatise that explores the dynamics of power, leadership, and statecraft. Written in the early 16th century, this concise yet provocative work offers pragmatic advice to rulers on how to gain, maintain, and consolidate authority, often advocating for realism over idealism. Machiavelli examines historical examples and human behavior to present strategies that prioritize effectiveness over morality, making the book both influential and controversial.

In the popular imagination, lethal injection is a slight pinch and a swift nodding off to forever-sleep. It is performed by well-qualified medical professionals. It is regulated and carefully conducted. And it usually provides a "humane" death. In reality, however, not one of those things is true. Secrets of the Killing State pulls back the curtain on this clandestine punishment practice, presenting a view of lethal injection that states have worked hard to hide. Botched executions are a part of this story, but they are just the tip of the iceberg.

How did "the West" come to be used as a collective self-designation signaling political and cultural commonality? Was the idea handed down from the ancient Greeks, or coined by nineteenth-century imperialists? Neither, writes Georgios Varouxakis in The West, his ambitious and fascinating genealogy of the idea. "The West" was not used by Plato, Cicero, Locke, Mill, or other canonized figures of what we today call the Western tradition. It was not first wielded by empire-builders.

A horror-story history of capitalism and its relationship to the haunted and the gothic, and a manifesto of Gothic Marxism, which finds revolutionary hope in the nightmare of modernity. What does it mean to see horror in capitalism? What can horror tell us about the state and nature of capitalism?

What does it mean to call something "new"? Why is Western art and culture, even after postmodernism, still so obsessed with the concept? What are the consequences of relying on culture to bring about social change? In this provocative book, David Balzer argues that Western culture was never designed to produce truly new or original artifacts. Rather, we move from fixation to fixation, trend to trend—a cycle of creation and destruction with deep origins in Judeo-Christianity and the paganism that preceded it.

What does it mean to be cosmopolitan? Typically, cosmopolitanism is understood as a broad moral orientation, involving some kind of commitment to global moral equality. On this understanding, to be cosmopolitan is simply to evidence that moral orientation oneself. By contrast, Being Cosmopolitan takes up a thoroughly political approach. The focus is on what it might mean, and what it is like, to be political in a distinctly cosmopolitan form.

The Communist Manifesto (German: Kommunistisches Manifest), originally the Manifesto of the Communist Party, is a political pamphlet written by German philosophers Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. Commissioned by the Communist League and originally published in London in 1848, the Manifesto remains one of the world's most influential political documents.[citation needed] It presents an analytical approach to class struggle and criticizes capitalism and the capitalist mode of production, without attempting to predict communism's potential future forms.

The ultrarich hold more of America’s wealth than they did in the heyday of the Carnegies and Rockefellers. In this incisive and provocative book, Evan Osnos offers an unforgettable portrait of the tactics and obsessions driving this new Gilded Age, in which superyachts, luxury bunkers, elite tax dodges and a torrent of political donations bespeak staggering disparities of wealth and power.

The West wasn’t conquered. It self-destructed. The Reich You Deserve is a ruthless postmortem of a dying civilization — not killed by invasion, but by its own cowardice, comfort, and delusion.

Nicolas Machiavel (Niccolò Machiavelli en italien) est né en 1469 à Florence, en Italie, à une époque marquée par les troubles politiques et les luttes de pouvoir entre les grandes cités-États italiennes. Fonctionnaire et diplomate de la République florentine, il a voyagé à travers l’Europe et observé de près les pratiques des cours princières et des gouvernants de son temps. Ces expériences ont profondément nourri sa réflexion sur le pouvoir, la politique et la nature humaine.

Iran presents one of the most significant foreign policy challenges for America and the West, yet very little is known about what the country's goals really are. Vali Nasr examines Iran's political history in new ways to explain its actions and ambitions on the world stage, showing how, behind the veneer of theocracy and Islamic ideology, today's Iran is pursuing a grand strategy aimed at securing the country internally and asserting its place in the region and the world.

In this incisive new work, Adrian Daub analyzes the global spread of cancel culture discourse as a moral panic, showing that, though its object is fuzzy, talk of cancel culture in global media has become a preoccupation of an embattled liberalism. There are plenty of conservative voices who gin up worries about cancel culture to advance their agendas. But more remarkable perhaps is that it is centrist, even left-leaning, media that have taken up the rallying cry and really defined the outlines of what cancel culture is supposed to be.

Today, the majority of the peoples of the planet live in nation-states, based upon the idea, if never the reality, of a single people, a single culture, a single rule of law, and a single source of sovereign authority. But will they continue to do so in the future? None of the major challenges that confront humanity today—from climate change to disease, from terrorism to mass migration—can be handled effectively by single nation-states, no matter how powerful.

How was it possible for one woman, later joined by a handful of others, to overcome a large organisation and bring about a gender equality sea change in higher education in her country? This is the story of how the granddaughter of Ireland's most famous suffragette won a gender discrimination case for lack of promotion, the first such win in either Ireland or the UK; then donated her €70,000 award to five other women, also passed over in that promotion round, for their High Court case.

من لم يندهش عندما شاهد المعابد المهجورة في أنغكور وات أو مدن المايا التي تلفها الأدغال، ويتساءل: "هل يمكن أن نلقى المصير نفسه؟". في هذا الكتاب المثير للاهتمام، يتحرّى جارد دياموند ـــ الذي أحدث كتابه (أسلحة وجراثيم وفولاذ) ثورة في فهمنا للتاريخ ـــ كيف أن استعمال

Partisanship is a dirty word in American politics. If there is one issue on which almost everyone in our divided country seems to agree, it’s the belief that the intense loyalty within the electorate toward Democrats and Republicans is the source of our democratic ills—division, dysfunction, distrust, and disinformation. The possibilities that responsible partisanship can offer were at the heart of an important intellectual tradition that flourished in the 1950s and 1960s, one which was institutionalized through a sweeping set of congressional reforms in the 1970s and 1980s.

In Can Deliberation Cure the Ills of Democracy?, James S. Fishkin argues that deliberative democracy can have surprisingly positive effects on all of these problems and charts a unique path to fixing them with his method of Deliberative Polling. After decades of applying and perfecting the methods of deliberative democracy in countries all over the world, this book synthesizes the results of 150 applications and shows how the method can be applied to resolve many of democracy's seemingly intractable challenges. It can clarify the public will and depolarize our divisions.