検索キーワード： 歴史・理論

Today, almost every nation on Earth is teetering on the brink of a societal meltdown as it finds itself in the midst of a sociopolitical upheaval, the like of which has not hitherto been witnessed in our lifetime. Yet, hardly anyone realizes that, like a winter that returns every year, such a concerted turmoil across the globe is also periodic due to what I have dubbed the "oqual cycle".

Is democracy in trouble, perhaps even dying? Pundits say so, and polls show that most Americans believe that their country's system of governance is being "tested" or is "under attack." But is the future of democracy necessarily so dire? In The Civic Bargain, Brook Manville and Josiah Ober push back against the prevailing pessimism about the fate of democracy around the world. Instead of an epitaph for democracy, they offer a guide for democratic renewal, calling on citizens to recommit to a "civic bargain" with one another to guarantee civic rights of freedom, equality, and dignity. 

We leven in de eeuw van de grondwet. Bijna alle landen ter wereld hebben er tegenwoordig wel een. Een betrekkelijk recent fenomeen trouwens, want driekwart van al die grondwetten is van na 1975. En dat terwijl de wortels ervan net na de landbouwrevolutie liggen, meer dan tienduizend jaar geleden, toen nieuwe sociale organisatie- en leiderschapsvormen opkwamen en ook het recht ontstond als manier om grootschalig samen te kunnen werken met vreemden.

Onder staatsvorming wordt gewoonlijk verstaan ​​het proces waarbij staten worden gecreëerd en vervolgens hun monopolie van legitiem geweld over een bepaald gebied vestigen en consolideren door een duurzaam administratief, financieel, gerechtelijk en militair apparaat op te bouwen. Hoewel er voorbeelden van staatsvorming zijn geweest in het oude Midden-Oosten en China, was het in Europa dat vanaf de Middeleeuwen de moderne staatsvorming ontstond, met een echte bureaucratische infrastructuur. Peer Vries legt in zijn hoorcollege uit hoe een staat vorm krijgt.

Robert L. Fleegler's narrative history of the 1988 election draws from untapped archival sources and revealing oral history interviews to uncover just how consequential this moment was for American politics. Identifying the seeds of political issues to come, Fleegler delivers an engaging review of an election that set a template for the political dynamics that define our lives to this day.

A thrilling and vivid work of history, Class War weaves together literature and politics to chart the making and unmaking of social class through revolutionary combat. In a narrative that spans the globe and more than two centuries of history, Mark Steven traces the history of class war from the Haitian Revolution to Black Lives Matter.

During one sweltering week in July 1948, the Democratic Party gathered in Philadelphia for its national convention. The most pressing and controversial issue facing the delegates was not whom to nominate for president—the incumbent, Harry Truman, was the presumptive candidate—but whether the Democrats would finally embrace the cause of civil rights and embed it in their official platform. On the convention's final day, Hubert Humphrey, the relatively obscure mayor of the midsized city of Minneapolis, ascended the podium.

A major international bestseller. The little-known true story of a Nazi plot to kill Winston Churchill, President Franklin Roosevelt and Joseph Stalin at the height of World War II, and how it was averted. In 1943 only three men stood in Hitler's way; Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin. As the war...

Drawing on the example of post-WWII Britain and looking ahead at America in the 2020s, Jed Esty suggests that becoming a second-place nation is neither disastrous, as alarmists claim, nor avoidable, as optimists insist. Contemporary declinism often masks white nostalgia and perpetuates a conservative longing for Cold War certainty. But the narcissistic lure of "lost greatness" appeals across the political spectrum.

From the author of Cults, Conspiracies, and Secret Societies, a probing exploration of the bizarre and dangerous conspiracies that have roiled America over the past decade and captured the minds of so many Americans Some of the conspiracy theories now gripping American politics contend that Joe...

"Sono vissuto a lungo nei conflitti, tra i soldati al fronte, più ancora con le popolazioni colpite, negli ospedali, assieme ai profughi, cercando di comprendere le loro ragioni e spiegarle. Intanto in Europa si magnificava il nostro come uno dei periodi più pacifici nella storia. Ma, come vediamo oggi in Ucraina, la guerra è sempre parte di noi e l'avevamo solo rimossa." Per Lorenzo Cremonesi, inviato del "Corriere della Sera" in prima linea sui fronti più difficili, il conflitto armato è il punto di vista ideale per ripercorrere la sua storia e quella del mondo in cui viviamo.

Breaking Away differs from countless other books on secession and decentralization in that it considers examples, benefits of secession, and radical decentralization in a much broader historical, geographical, and theoretical context.

Reservation or affirmative action is a hugely controversial policy in India. While constitutionally mandated and with historians, political scientists and social activists convinced of its need, many resist it and consider it as compromising 'merit' and against the principle of equality of...

'The Singularity' is what Silicon Valley calls the idea that, eventually, we will be overrun by machines that are able to take decisions and act for themselves. What no one says is that it happened before. A few hundred years ago, humans started building the robots that now rule our world. They are called states and corporations: immensely powerful artificial entities, with capacities that go far beyond what any individual can do, and which, unlike us, need never die. The Handover distils over three hundred years of thinking about how to live with artificial agency.

Brought to you by Penguin. Bestselling historian Peter Moore traces how Enlightenment ideas were exported from Britain and put into practice in America - where they became the most successful export of all time, the American Dream 'Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness' is the best-known...

Mankind in the Making (1903) is H.G. Wells's sequel to Anticipations (1901). Mankind in the Making analyzes the "process" of "man's making," i.e. "the great complex of circumstances which mould the vague possibilities of the average child into the reality of the citizen of the modern state." Taking an aggressive tone in criticizing many aspects of contemporary institutions, Wells proposed a doctrine he called "New Republicanism," which "tests all things by their effect upon the evolution of man.

"The whole world is watching!" cried protestors at the 1968 Democratic convention as Chicago police beat them in the streets. When some of that violence was then aired on network television, another kind of hell broke loose. Some viewers were stunned and outraged; others thought the protestors deserved what they got. No one—least of all Chicago mayor Richard J. Daley—was happy with how the networks handled it. In When the News Broke, Heather Hendershot revisits television coverage of those four chaotic days in 1968—not only the violence in the streets but also the tumultuous convention itself.

The U.S. Supreme Court has eliminated the right to abortion and is revisiting other fundamental questions today—about voting rights, affirmative action, gun laws, and much more. Once-arcane theories of constitutional interpretation are profoundly affecting the lives of all Americans. In this brief and urgent book, Harvard Law School professor Cass Sunstein provides a lively introduction to competing approaches to interpreting the Constitution—and argues that the only way to choose one is to ask whether it would change American life for the better or worse.

Sam Bankman-Fried wasn't just rich. Before he turned thirty he'd become the world's youngest billionaire, making a record fortune in the crypto frenzy. CEOs, celebrities and world leaders vied for his time. At one point he considered paying off the entire national debt of the Bahamas so he could take his business there. Then it all fell apart.

One in four American workers says their workplace is a "dictatorship." Yet that number almost certainly would be higher if we recognized employers for what they are—private governments with sweeping authoritarian power over our lives. In this compelling book, Elizabeth Anderson examines why, despite all this, we continue to talk as if free markets make workers free, and she proposes a better way to think about the workplace, opening up space for discovering how workers can enjoy real freedom.