検索キーワード： 歴史・解説

In The Invention of the Modern Dog, Michael Worboys, Julie-Marie Strange, and Neil Pemberton explore when, where, why, and how Victorians invented the modern way of ordering and breeding dogs. Though talk of "breed" was common before this period in the context of livestock, the modern idea of a dog breed defined in terms of shape, size, coat, and color arose during the Victorian period in response to a burgeoning competitive dog show culture.

Long before the U.S. government began conducting secret radiation and germ-warfare experiments, and long before the Tuskegee syphilis experiments, medical professionals had introduced—and hotly debated the ethics of—the use of human subjects in medical experiments. In Subjected to Science, Susan Lederer provides the first full-length history of biomedical research with human subjects in the earlier period, from 1890 to 1940.

In 1995, a scandal erupted when the New York Times revealed that the Smithsonian possessed a century’s worth of nude “posture” photos of college students. In this riveting history, Beth Linker tells why these photos were only a small part of the incredible story of twentieth-century America’s largely forgotten posture panic—a decades-long episode in which it was widely accepted as scientific fact that Americans were suffering from an epidemic of bad posture, with potentially catastrophic health consequences.

Wie kommt die Energie vom Müsli in die Muskeln? Und warum vergessen wir ständig, wo unser Schlüssel liegt? Unser Körper ist für uns selbstverständlich, und doch wissen wir oft nicht, wie er funktioniert. Der Tiktoker und Medizinstudent Matthias Schuberth schaut auf alltägliche Situationen und erklärt dabei, was in uns vorgeht, wenn wir lernen, Sport treiben, uns verlieben oder traurig sind. Mit Humor und kreativen Vergleichen erzählt er in kleinen Geschichten, wie großartig unser Körper ist.

The second-century Greek physician Galen—the most famous doctor in antiquity after Hippocrates—is a central figure in Western medicine. A talented doctor, surgeon, writer, philosopher, teacher, pharmacologist, and inventor, Galen attended the court of Marcus Aurelius, living through outbreaks of plague that devastated the Roman Empire. He also served as a physician for professional gladiators. In writings that provided the foundation of Western medicine up to the nineteenth century, Galen created a unified account of health and disease.

As scientists confidently look forward to average life expectancies hitting 100+ years in some Western societies, it’s easy to forget how precarious our grasp on good health has been. It is a struggle no better demonstrated than by the myriad and extraordinary measures that humans have gone to – as diverse as animal sacrifice to stem cell transplants – in their quest to stave off death and disease. Acclaimed historian Mark Jackson takes a fresh global view of mankind’s great battle, exploring both Western and Eastern traditions.

Bradwel reminds us that the centenary of this apparent "wonder drug" should be no cause for celebration. Insulin often remains inaccessible to those who need it most: elusive prescriptions, uneven availability and sky-high prices result in rationing and desperate do-it-yourself research and development. In the face of bootstraps rhetoric and "Pharma Bro" capitalists, patients across the world are left to fend for themselves. There is a long way to go in the twenty-first century until insulin truly fulfills the extraordinary promises made by its discovery.

It is time for individuals, communities, and healthcare institutions to take action and prioritize the voices and needs of black women in healthcare. By amplifying their voices, promoting diversity in clinical trials, advocating for policy changes, and empowering black women through education, we can work towards a more equitable and inclusive healthcare system.

For much of recorded history, people considered the heart to be the most important organ in the body. In cultures around the world, the heart—not the brain—was believed to be the location of intelligence, memory, emotion, and the soul. Over time, views on the purpose of the heart have transformed. Modern medicine and science dismissed what was once the king of the organs as a mere blood pump subservient to the brain, yet the heart remains a potent symbol of love and health and an important part of our cultural iconography.

On June 24, 2022, the US Supreme Court overturned the Roe v. Wade decision, asserting that the Constitution did not confer the right to abortion. This ruling, in the Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health case, was the culmination of a half-century of pro-life activism promoting the idea that fetuses are people and therefore entitled to the rights and protections that the Constitution guarantees. But it was also the product of a much longer history of archaic ideas about the relationship between pregnant people and the fetuses they carry.

In the middle of the second century AD, Rome was at its prosperous and powerful apex. The emperor Marcus Aurelius reigned over a vast territory that stretched from Britain to Egypt. The Roman-made peace, or Pax Romana, seemed to be permanent. Then, apparently out of nowhere, a sudden sickness struck the legions and laid waste to cities, including Rome itself. This fast-spreading disease, known now as the Antonine plague, may have been history’s first pandemic. Soon after its arrival, the Empire began its downward trajectory toward decline and fall.

У мамы — болит, у соседки — болит, у коллег на работе — тоже болит. Ну и у меня болит, чего же тут странного? Многие свыклись с тем, что головная боль — это часть их жизни. И не воспринимают ее как заболевание, которое можно и нужно лечить. Одна из задач этой книги — объяснить, что если голова болит, то это ненормально, это какое-то заболевание (к счастью, в большинстве случаев неопасное). И что не стоит терпеть эту боль, принимая обезболивающие через день. Можно себе помочь и значительно повысить качество своей жизни другими способами.

Откуда можно узнать о чуме и хорее Гентингтона, склерозе и болезни Паркинсона, синдроме Стендаля и загадочной "бери-бери"? Из медицинского справочника заболеваний — скажете вы, и будете неправы, ведь нет лучшего способа найти у себя сотню симптомов страшной заразы, чем неуместное чтение скучных энциклопедий. Но если почитать о болезнях хочется, а становиться ипохондриком — нет? На помощь придут Алексей Паевский и Анна Хоружая — участники проекта "Нейроновости" и соавторы.

Don't take speech for granted. Kit Roberts Johnson knows what it is like to have a frozen voice. She knows what it is like for others to have their voices silenced, like children with Down Syndrome, or adults with stuttering. She became a speech therapist to help people with communication disorders and discovered over the span of her career that we have all been silenced in some way.

For the crime of falling sick without wealth, Americans today face lawsuits, wage garnishment, home foreclosure, and jail time. Yet who really profits from aggressive medical debt collection? Your Money or Your Life reveals how medical debt collection became a multi-billion-dollar industry and how everyday Americans are made to pay the price. Emergency physician and historian Luke Messac weaves patient stories into a history of law, finance, and medicine to show how debt and debt collection are destroying the foundational trust between doctors and patients at the heart of American healthcare.

"Mientras escribo esto, a lo largo del año 2015, los científicos intentan adelantarse a las próximas pandemias. Nadie es capaz de predecir cuándo una cepa en particular llevará a cabo el salto, si acaso lo hará. Sin embargo, no estamos indefensos ante lo que la evolución pueda tenernos reservado. Contamos con recursos para contrarrestar la expansión de la gripe, como lavarnos las manos. Y los científicos están aprendiendo a fabricar vacunas más efectivas. Al menos, ya no tenemos que mirar hacia las estrellas en busca de protección." — Carl Zimmer

¿Qué pasa cuando se traumatiza un cerebro joven? ¿Cómo afecta la mente de un niño el terror, el abuso o la desgracia? El psiquiatra infantil Bruce Perry ha ayudado a muchos a superar horrores inimaginables: niños supervivientes de genocidios o testigos de homicidio, adolescentes secuestrados o víctimas de violencia familiar. Mediante la observación del trauma a través de la lente científica, Perry nos revela la asombrosa capacidad del cerebro para curarse.

Award-winning New York Times reporter Donald G. McNeil, Jr. reflects on twenty-five years of covering pandemics—how governments react to them, how the media covers them, how they are exploited, and what we can do to prepare for the next one—in this “fascinating, ferocious fusillade against...

BEWUSSTSEIN IST ALLES - OHNE BEWUSSTSEIN IST ALLES NICHTS. Dieses Hörbuch führt Sie durch die Geschichte der Medizin, angefangen beim heiligen Tempelschlaf der Antike - wo das Körper - Seele - Geist Prinzip noch vorhanden war - bis hin zum Momentum der Trennung und weiter zu den ganzheitlichen Bestrebungen der heutigen Zeit. Die faszinierendste neue Wissenschaftsdisziplin ist die Psychoneuroimmunologie. Erstmals wird auf dem Sektor der modernen Medizin die geistig-seelische Dimension miteinbezogen und ernsthaft erforscht. Es kann keinen Zweifel mehr geben, dass der Geist auf den Körper einwirkt.

Arthur Conan Doyle was a GP before he became a writer. He uses his medical knowledge widely in the Sherlock Holmes stories. He bases the deductive skills of his hero detective on the diagnostic techniques a GP uses with a patient. He even gives Sherlock a GP sidekick. This all contributes to the enduring popularity of the Sherlock Holmes stories, over 130 years after the first story was published.