検索キーワード： 歴史・解説

No disease sparked as much dread in the 18th century as smallpox. The virus killed millions across the globe, carrying off one in every five victims and disfiguring survivors with tell-tale pitted scars. But one mysterious method offered hope: inoculation, the practice of piercing the skin to insert a drop of infected matter and induce a mild case of smallpox. Those inoculated safely were protected from the ‘Speckled Monster’ and stayed immune for life. Only one problem remained: convincing people to accept the treatment.

Published to commemorate Cleveland Clinic’s centennial, To Act as a Unit tells the epic story of the hospital system’s conception and rise to prominence. You’ll meet pioneering researchers and clinicians whose innovations are the basis for today’s advanced medical care - from Dr. F. Mason Sones, whose fortuitous accident with a cigarette proved that coronary angiography was possible, to the surgical team that performs groundbreaking, life-changing face transplants.

Since 2010, it has been possible to determine a person's genetic makeup in a matter of days at an accessible cost for many millions of people. Along with this technological breakthrough there has emerged a movement to use this information to help prospective parents "eliminate preventable genetic disease". As the prospect of systematically excluding the appearance of unwanted mutations in our children comes within reach, David B. Goldstein examines the possible consequences from these types of choices.

Over the past 70 years, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, or DSM, has evolved from a virtually unknown and little-used pamphlet to an imposing and comprehensive compendium of mental disorder. Its nearly 300 conditions have become the touchstones for the diagnoses that patients receive, students are taught, researchers study, insurers reimburse, and drug companies promote.

Este volumen ofrece un recorrido cronológico por las epidemias que asolaron México desde la época prehispánica hasta nuestros días. Aunque son innumerables las investigaciones acerca de la historia de eventos epidémicos en el país, no existía hasta ahora un volumen compendioso, para un público no especializado y de atractiva lectura sobre la materia.

From the moment the first machine gun rang out over the Western Front, one thing was clear: mankind's military technology had wildly surpassed its medical capabilities. The war caused carnage on an industrial scale and the nature of trench warfare meant that thousands sustained facial injuries. In The Facemaker, award-winning historian Lindsey Fitzharris tells the true story of the pioneering plastic surgeon Harold Gillies, who dedicated himself to restoring the faces of a brutalised generation.

From 1942 through 1972, American biomedical researchers deliberately infected people with hepatitis. Government-sponsored researchers were attempting to discover the basic features of the disease and the viruses causing it, and to develop interventions that would quell recurring outbreaks. Drawing from extensive archival research and in-person interviews, Sydney Halpern traces the hepatitis program from its origins in World War II through its expansion during the initial Cold War years, to its demise in the early 1970s amid an outcry over research abuse.

Respected physician Paul Offit tells a fascinating story of modern medicine and pays tribute to one of the greatest lifesaving breakthroughs—vaccinations—and the medical hero responsible for developing nine of the big fourteen vaccines which have saved billions of lives worldwide.

An articulate, compelling history of American battlefield medics.

Based on the film by acclaimed documentary filmmaker Ken Burns, The Mayo Clinic: Faith, Hope, Science chronicles the history of this unique organization, from its roots as an unlikely partnership between a country doctor and a Franciscan order of nuns to its position today as a worldwide model for patient care, research, and education. The book demonstrates how the institution’s remarkable 150-year history continues to inspire the way medicine is practiced there today.

Revolutionary Surgeons offers an integrated picture of surgeons as political and military leaders of the American Revolution.

We think of transplant surgery as one of the medical wonders of the modern world. But transplant surgery is as ancient as the pyramids, with a history more surprising than we might expect. Paul Craddock takes us on a journey—from sixteenth-century skin grafting to contemporary stem cell transplants—uncovering stories of operations performed by unexpected people in unexpected places. Bringing together philosophy, science and cultural history, Spare Parts explores how transplant surgery constantly tested the boundaries between human, animal, and machine.

A los mandos de un microscopio ultrapotente y un catéter de alta precisión, el doctor Marsh se abre camino por los intersticios del cerebro. Con frecuencia, de su pericia y de su pulso dependen que un paciente recupere la visión o acabe en una silla de ruedas. Hay días en los que salva vidas, pero también hay jornadas nefastas en las que un pequeño error o una cadena de infortunios lo hacen sentirse el ser más desdichado sobre la faz de la Tierra.

Despite passionate debates about health care and the media’s endless fascination with surgery, most of us have no idea how the first surgeons came to be because the story of surgery has never been fully told. Now, Empire of the Scalpel elegantly reveals surgery’s fascinating evolution from its early roots in ancient Egypt to its refinement in Europe and rise to scientific dominance in the United States.

Investigative journalist Zuckerman takes us inside the top-secret laboratories, corporate clashes and high-stakes government negotiations that led to effective shots. Deeply reported and endlessly gripping, this is a dazzling blow-by-blow chronicle of the most consequential scientific breakthrough of our time. It's a story of courage, genius and heroism. It's also a tale of heated rivalries, unbridled ambitions, crippling insecurities and unexpected drama. A Shot to Save the World is the story of how science saved the world.

¿Por qué cuando un hombre acude con dolor torácico a urgencias se le somete inmediatamente a un electrocardiograma y cuando es una mujer quien presenta idénticos síntomas se le da un ansiolítico? ¿Por qué una mujer estresada es tachada de histérica y en cambio el hombre padece con toda probabilidad el peso de la responsabilidad? ¿Por qué a las mujeres se les exige una perfección física imposible de alcanzar y un hombre con canas y curva de la felicidad es, sencillamente, un madurito interesante? ¿Por qué las mujeres continúan siendo invisibles para la medicina?

After the successful reception of the book Psychological Aspects in Times of Pandemic, where a number of issues from the perspective of psychological science are addressed related to the impact of COVID-19 on the lives of citizens, and after listeners' insistent requests for a book focused on healthcare personnel, came this book. The purpose of it is to offer updated information on the psychological aspects of those whom have been described as the battlefront against the advance of COVID-19 from a perspective of scientific psychology.

The Second History of Man focuses mostly on bacteria and bacterial infections as the foundation, jumping off into Darwin and evolution, gin and tonics and the discovery of the first antibiotic to treat infection (and it wasn’t penicillin), and visiting with those clever chaps who cook up drugs in the lab. We’ll call upon poets and poetry, celebrities like Frank Sinatra, the Rat Pack, and Bobby Darin, the classical music of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven, the tragic story of World War II, Anne Frank and the Holocaust....

In this scientific detective story and a case study in the social construction of mass psychogenic illness, the authors provide dozens of examples of kindred episodes of mass hysteria throughout history, in addition to psychosomatic conditions and even the role of insects in triggering outbreaks.

This American medical ecological and economic history, a saga of Man, Money, and Medicine or “textbook” of sorts, blossomed primarily for the benefit of Dr. DiLibero's many dear students. He has taught and lectured on the subject of migratory medical ecolo-nomics for many years, and has too often found himself digressing “off on a tangent”, describing particularly interesting moments of historical trivia that have influenced his life.

Malária, sífilis, tuberculose, ebola, gripe, aids, sarampo e outros males que atacam a humanidade revelam muito mais da nossa história do que imaginamos. Os passos do homem ao longo das épocas, pelos continentes, o início da utilização de vestimentas, a convivência com diversos animais, o encontro com outros seres humanos: tudo isso pode ser desvendado agora com o estudo microscópico de vírus, bactérias e parasitas que cruzaram - e cruzam - o nosso caminho.

O infectologista Stefan Cunha Ujvari trata, neste audiolivro fascinante e atualíssimo, das epidemias e pandemias mais marcantes da nossa história. Como a humanidade conviveu com essas doenças? Qual a importância das primeiras vacinas e como elas surgiram? Partindo da Grécia Antiga e chegando até os nossos dias, o audiolivro aborda doenças como peste negra, sífilis, gripe, ebola. Dedica um capítulo para a COVID-19 e mostra por que, afinal, essa doença parou o mundo.

O século XIX trouxe avanços tecnológicos e industriais em diversas áreas. Uma, porém, ficou para trás: a Medicina. Ao redor do planeta, a mortalidade infantil alcançava taxas altíssimas e a expectativa de vida era baixa. Doenças diversas castigavam a população. Mas o cenário mudou ao longo do século XX. Este audiolivro narra, de forma deliciosa, como médicos e cientistas lançavam mão de criatividade, coragem e raciocínio lógico para tornar os progressos possíveis.

Since early 2020, the world has experienced a series of catastrophic events - a global pandemic caused by a so-called novel coronavirus; international lockdowns and border closings causing widespread business closures, economic collapse, and massive unemployment; and an unprecedented curtailment of civil liberties and freedoms in the name of keeping people safe by locking them up in their homes.

Venereal diseases exploded into an epidemic in World War II. This endangered the health and safety of our nation and our troops. In many recountings of this war, the fight against VD is not included, but it was a battle worth highlighting. Historically, infected women were blamed and jailed with or without treatment. During this time, hospital camps were set up on a national scale for women to be sequestered for treatment. Dr. George Smullen, my father, worked in two Florida Rapid Treatment Camps, and I am sharing some of my family's experiences when we lived there.

Бесспорно, современная медицина развивается семимильными шагами. Прогресс практического и экспериментального разделов медицины просто удивителен.

We all know the history of science that we learned from grade school textbooks: how Galileo used his telescope to show that the earth was not the center of the universe; how Newton divined gravity from the falling apple; how Einstein unlocked the mysteries of time and space with a simple equation. This history is made up of long periods of ignorance and confusion, punctuated once an age by a brilliant thinker who puts it all together. These few tower over the ordinary masses, and in the traditional account, it is to them that we owe science in its entirety. This belief is wrong.

On savait que le cerveau était l'entité la plus complexe de l'univers connu. Mais les nouvelles découvertes démontrent que ses possibilités sont bien plus étonnantes qu'on ne le croyait. Non seulement il est totalement élastique - même âgé, handicapé, voire amputé, il peut se reconstruire, apprendre, inventer -, mais aussi totalement social - un cerveau n'existe qu'en résonance avec d'autres : nous sommes neuronalement constitués pour entrer en empathie.

Pandemics have afflicted human civilizations throughout history, yet these health crises have also led to progress in medicine and society that improved people’s lives. History shows that scientific innovation often proceeds from the collaboration of researchers across disciplines, nations, and institutions.

Psychiatry has come a long way since the days of chaining "lunatics" in cold cells and parading them as freakish marvels before a gaping public. But, as Jeffrey Lieberman, MD, the former president of the American Psychiatric Association, reveals in his extraordinary and eye-opening audiobook, the path to legitimacy for "the black sheep of medicine" has been anything but smooth.