検索キーワード： 言語学

A mind-expanding, deeply humane tour of language by the best-selling author of Born on a Blue Day and Thinking in Numbers.

Steven Pinker looks at how the relationship between words and thoughts can help us understand who we are. Why do so many swear words involve topics like sex, bodily functions, or the divine? Why do some children's names thrive while others fall out of favour? Why do we threaten and bribe and seduce in such elaborate, often comical ways? How can a choice of metaphor damn a politician or start a war? And why do we rarely say what we actually mean?

Daughter. Duhitár-. Dustr. Dukte. Listen to these English, Sanskrit, Armenian and Lithuanian words, all meaning the same thing, and you hear echoes of one of history’s most unlikely journeys. All four languages—along with hundreds of others, from French and Gaelic, to Persian and Polish—trace their origins to an ancient tongue spoken as the last ice age receded. This language, which we call Proto-Indo-European, was born between Europe and Asia and exploded out of its cradle, fragmenting as it spread east and west.

From the rise of leetspeak and words such as “unalive” to the trend of adding “-core” to different influencer aesthetics, the internet has ushered in an unprecedented linguistic upheaval. We’re entering an entirely new era of etymology, heralded by the invisible forces driving social media algorithms. And with over 7 billion internet users uploading over 2.5 quintillion bytes of media every day, the sheer volume of potential new words is astounding.

The English alphabet is a tool that we've inherited down the centuries from ancient creators around the world. The alphabet hasn't always had its present form, but rather has undergone all sorts of changes and evolutions to suit the needs of the time. Did you know that five English letters come from a single graphic grandparent? Or that we may know the specific person who invented the letter G? Do you know why Z is the sixth letter for the Greeks, yet the last for us? Or why Q needs to be followed by U?

М.В. Ломоносов писал, что русский язык сочетает великолепие испанского, живость французского, крепость немецкого, нежность итальянского, а сверх того богатство и сильную в изображениях краткость греческого и латинского языков. Но насколько точно мы понимаем то, что стоит за текстами, которые мы читаем или слышим? Насколько мы умеем выражать свои мысли? Пользуемся ли русским языком во всей полноте, не только соблюдая формальные правила орфографии и орфоэпии? И "правильно" ли мы обозначаем действительность, выбирая слова, когда мы пишем и говорим?

Una brújula para la era del pensamiento único, las teorías conspirativas y la acritud política en un mundo polarizado. La retórica, como análisis crítico y constructivo del discurso social, es un aprendizaje imprescindible para el respeto, la convivencia y la neutralización de los conflictos en nuestra sociedad, donde campan fake news y haters, con discursos parciales e irreflexivos. David Pujante reivindica y actualiza esta disciplina milenaria, mostrando el proceso de su desatención y las razones de su actual auge en nuestra sociedad mediática.

En el lenguaje actual de las mujeres nombrar es poder, por eso esta obra propone palabras y situaciones cercanas a las mujeres, pero jamás exclusivas porque, como el lenguaje, este es un libro plural, cualquier persona interesada en el debate de por qué y cómo se expresan, es bienvenida a estas páginas. La autora se ocupa fundamentalmente de palabras, pero también de anécdotas, de casos reales, recuerdos, entrevistas, reflexiones, datos, estadísticas, referentes históricos y actuales; lugares, instituciones, consignas, canciones, lemas… pues cuando se trata de palabras todo suma.

Leksykon „Do domu!!!”, autorstwa profesora Jerzego Bralczyka, to kolejny po „Jeść!!!” i „W drogę!!!” przewodnik po słowach i ich znaczeniach. Znany i lubiany językoznawca zaprasza do domu na niezwykle pouczający i zarazem dowcipny spacer po pomieszczeniach, okraszony wieloma powiedzonkami i cytatami z klasyki polskiej literatury. Czytelnicy zwiedzą salon, kuchnię i jadalnię, ale też alkowę i buduar, zajrzą do spiżarni i lodówki, ocenią, co jest bardziej wygodne: kanapa, tapczan czy wersalka, będą podziwiać żyrandole i etażerki, a na koniec wyjdą na balkon, a może taras lub werandę – z pewnością jednak nie będą się snuli z kąta w kąt.

„W drogę!!!” to kolejny po „Jeść!!!” bogato ilustrowany, tematyczny leksykon profesora Jerzego Bralczyka. Tym razem przedmiotem rozważań autora są słowa związane z podróżowaniem, drogą, wędrowaniem. Każde z haseł to osobny, pełen humoru i imponującej erudycji felieton. Profesor Bralczyk pisze o pochodzeniu wybranych przez siebie słów, ich zmieniających się przez lata znaczeniach, zaskakujących kontekstach w jakich bywają używane i skojarzeniach jakie budzą. Ten słownik wciąga jak pasjonująca powieść.

Wyjątkowy leksykon w którym znany i lubiany językoznawca, prof. Jerzy Bralczyk, omówił sto osiemdziesiąt jeden „smacznych słów”. Są to w większości nazwy apetycznie brzmiących potraw, pozostałe służą jedzeniu lub się z nim kojarzą. Nie jest to jednak przewodnik kulinarny sensu stricto, ponieważ autor przede wszystkim delektuje się nie samym smakiem jedzenia, lecz słowami, ich brzmieniem, urodą i funkcją.

La puntuación es un sistema de convenciones que otorga mayor precisión y profundidad a las letras y palabras, dotándolas de color y emoción, tono y ritmo. De hecho, tiene consecuencias aún más drásticas: los signos de puntuación no son únicamente una parte importante de nuestro código idiomático, sino que se transformaron nada menos que en una de las fuerzas impulsoras en el desarrollo de toda nuestra civilización occidental.

A compendium of 100 words and phrases smart people use—even if they only kinda sorta (secretly don't) know what they mean—with pithy definitions and fascinating etymologies to solidify their meanings.

Recent research suggests there are only six basic emotions. But if that makes you feel uneasy, suspicious, and maybe even a little bereft, The Book of Human Emotions is for you. In this unique book, you'll get to travel across the world and through time, learning how different cultures have articulated the human experience and picking up some fascinating new knowledge about yourself along the way.

Este livro é fruto de uma longa trajetória de pesquisas acadêmicas nas áreas de Linguística, Direito e Literatura que resultou na escrita da tese doutoral, premiada no Brasil e no exterior, sobre as narrativas de vida de Antígona (Sófocles) (442 a.C.), Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz (1648-1695) e Olympe de Gouges (1748-1793). Nessa obra, foram analisadas vozes enunciadoras que marcaram as origens do Direito, em sua complexidade que envolve as noções dos Direitos Humanos. O corpus é composto por epístolas, declarações, diálogos e cenas enunciativas das vozes supracitadas.

What do we talk about when we talk about Irish? When we talk about saving or supporting a language do we mean the musical combination of syllables, or something more profound? How do new words enter a language, and what is the relationship between that strange dialect called Hiberno-English and its parent language? "Craic Baby" picks up exactly where "Motherfoclóir" left off and explores the very new and very old parts of the Irish language from a personal perspective.

Poser un lapin à quelqu’un--to put a rabbit to somebody. You’ve probably heard a French sentence like this, and you can translate it word for word, but it still doesn’t make any sense! There are a ton of idioms and phrases which are impossible to translate without a guide like this! Inside you’ll discover: The origin and history of idioms for a deeper understanding of customs and humor. The literal and real meanings. Real-life examples of how they’re used. Side by side English/French translations so there’s no need for a dictionary.

Even the most erudite among us use words like apocryphal, facetious, ironic, meteorite, moot, redundant, and unique incorrectly every day. Don’t be one of them. Using examples of misuse from leading newspapers, prominent public figures and famous writers, among others, language gurus Ross Petras and Kathryn Petras explain how to avoid these perilous pitfalls in the English language.

This is the story of Dr. Geneva Smitherman, aka "Dr. G," the pioneering linguist often referred to as the "Queen of Black Language." In a series of narrative essays, Dr. G writes eloquently and powerfully about the role of language in social transformation and the academic, intellectual, linguistic, and societal debates that shaped her groundbreaking work as a Black Studies O.G. and a Womanist scholar-activist of African American Language.

In a sweeping synthesis of new research in a number of different disciplines, this book argues that we humans are not who we think we are. As he explores the interconnections between cutting-edge work in bioanthropology, evolutionary biology, neuroscience, human language and learning, and beyond, James Paul Gee advances, also, a personal philosophy of language, learning, and culture, informed by his decades of work across linguistics and the social sciences.

For word nerds and grammar geeks, a witty guide to the most commonly mispronounced words, along with their correct pronunciations and pithy forays into their fascinating etymologies and histories of use and misuse.

Speaking My Soul is the honest story of linguist John R. Rickford's life from his early years as the youngest of ten children in Guyana to his status as Emeritus Professor of Linguistics at Stanford, of the transformation of his identity from colored or mixed race in Guyana to black in the USA, and of his work championing Black Talk and its speakers. In this engaging memoir, Rickford recalls landmark events for his racial identity.

Snow. Every language has its own words for the magical, mesmerising flakes that fall from the sky. In this exquisite exploration, writer and Arctic traveller Nancy Campbell digs deep into the meanings of fifty words for snow. From mountain tops and frozen seas to city parks and desert hills, each of these linguistic snow crystals offers a whole world of myth and story – the perfect winter treat.

Impassioned, insightful, electric, Manorism is a poetic examination of the lives of Black British men and boys: propped up and hemmed in by contemporary masculinity, deepened by family, misrepresented in the media, and complicated by the riches, and the costs, of belonging and inheritance. It is also an exploration of the differences of impunity afforded to white and Black people, and to white and Black artists.

Monoglot Guru will help listeners establish and/or enhance lifestyle skills that will enable them to flourish and thrive as monoglots.

"Appartengo a quella parte dell'umanità che passa gran parte delle sue ore di veglia in un mondo fatto di righe orizzontali: un mondo che può essere molto ricco, magari ancor più ricco di quello non scritto, ma che comunque richiede un aggiustamento speciale per situarsi al suo interno. Quando mi stacco dal mondo scritto per ritrovare il mio posto nell'altro, in quello che usiamo chiamare il mondo, fatto di tre dimensioni, cinque sensi, popolato da miliardi di nostri simili, questo equivale per me ogni volta a ripetere il trauma della nascita." (Italo Calvino)

Charlie López despliega sus treinta años de experiencia analizando el discurso y nuestro lenguaje cotidiano para desentrañar, de manera didáctica y accesible, el origen y surgimiento de 300 palabras, frases y dichos que usamos todos los días.

Charlemagne is reported to have said that “to speak another language is to possess another soul”. The Art of Learning a Foreign Language consists of all the things I wish I knew at various stages of my language learning journey during the last 15 years—as a hobbyist, student, academic, and professional linguist. This book is designed to help the learner avoid many pitfalls and seize opportunities, with lessons on choosing a target language, travel, accent, immersion, technology, learning approaches, and the lifestyle habits of professional linguists.

Language, Society and Power is an accessible introduction to studying language in a variety of social contexts. This book examines the ways language functions, how it influences the way we view society and how it varies according to age, ethnicity, class, and gender. It considers whether representations of people and their language matter, explores how identity is constructed and performed, and considers the creative potential of language in the media, politics and everyday talk.

This third edition of the bestselling textbook has been fully revised, continuing to provide a concise introduction to the key concepts of semiotics in accessible and jargon-free language.