検索キーワード： 倫理学・道徳

In this unapologetically controversial book, Axelman explains the many forms of taxation, the mechanisms behind them, and what politicians spend the money on. Taxation is not moral, because it is pure theft. It is not practical, because it discourages production. And it is not even necessary. Governments—and more importantly—essential services can be funded without theft, extortion, or coercion of any type.

During the 2010 Olympic speed skating final, Mark Tuitert wasn't thinking about winning, but about Marcus Aurelius, Seneca, Epictetus and Zeno - philosophers belonging to an ancient school of thought that emerged from their experiences of personal hardship. The Stoics developed a philosophy grounded in striving toward unbiased thinking, self-betterment through virtues, and a focus on only that which lies in our power to control. Now, after two decades of applying this philosophy, he has distilled Stoicism and his personal experience into ten powerful lessons.

If we do what is right, everything else will follow: happiness, success, meaning, reputation, love. This is central to Stoic wisdom. The path isn't always easy, but it is essential, and the alternative - taking the easy route - leads only to cowardice and folly. In the third book in his bestselling Stoic Virtues series, Ryan Holiday explores the crucial role that integrity plays in every good life. From pillars of upright living like Ulysses S. Grant and Marcus Aurelius, to the cautionary tales of Napoleon and F. Scott Fitzgerald, this book shows us the power of owning our convictions.

Die moderne Kultur wird zunehmend von Fragen und Antworten rund um die sexuelle Identität beeinflusst – ob im öffentlichen Diskurs oder bei kulturellen Trends. Jedes gesellschaftliche Phänomen hat seine historischen Wurzeln. Von Augustinus, über Rousseau bis hin zu Marx oder Freud sind unterschiedliche Auffassungen des Selbst vorgestellt worden. Im 20. Jahrhundert wurden diese Konzepte des Selbst nicht nur psychologisiert und eng mit der Sexualität verschränkt, sondern unter dem Einfluss von Leuten wie Reich, Marcuse und anderen ebenfalls zu einer politischen Angelegenheit gemacht.

Por que temos o costume de dar importância apenas ao lugar mais alto do pódio? Por que somos tão obcecados pela perfeição? Será que nessa busca incessante pela excelência não estamos deixando de lado valores mais importantes, como a compaixão e a cooperação? Instigado por essas questões, o psiquiatra Daniel Martins de Barros se deparou com os lemas do Arcadismo, um antigo movimento artístico e literário que exaltava a simplicidade, a moderação e a reflexão.

Die große neue Biografie. "Ich glaube nicht, dass es irgendeinen Denkvorgang gibt, der ohne persönliche Erfahrung möglich ist. Alles Denken ist Nachdenken, der Sache nach – denken." Für Thomas Meyer bilden diese Sätze den Leitfaden seiner Biografie Hannah Arendts. Ihm folgt Meyer, wenn er anhand neuer Quellen ihr Leben und Werk von Königsberg nach New York, von der Dissertation über Augustinus bis hin zum unvollendeten Opus magnum "Vom Leben des Geistes" nachzeichnet und deutet.

An entertaining and enlightening anthology of classical Greek and Roman writings on animals—and our vital relationships with them.

Brought to you by Penguin. A reassuring and thought-provoking guide to all the big questions about AI and ethics Should robots ever be considered free? Will computers transcend human intelligence? And what can we do to make sure AI is safe? The artificial intelligence revolution has begun. Today...

Western philosophers have long claimed that God, if such a being exists, is a personal force capable of reason, and that the path to a good human life is also the path to a happy one. But what if these claims prove false, or at least deeply misleading? The Aztecs of central Mexico had a rich philosophical tradition, recorded in Latin script by Spanish clergymen and passed down for centuries in the native Nahuatl language—one of the earliest transcripts being the Huehuetlatolli, or Discourses of the Elders, compiled by Friar Andres de Olmos circa 1535.

An unlikely duo—Professor Peter Singer, a preeminent philosopher and professor of bioethics, and Venerable Shih Chao-Hwei, a Taiwanese Buddhist monastic and social activist—join forces to talk ethics in lively conversations that cross oceans, overcome language barriers, and bridge philosophies. The eye-opening dialogues collected here share unique perspectives on contemporary issues like animal welfare, gender equality, the death penalty, and more. Together, these two deep thinkers explore the foundation of ethics and key Buddhist concepts.

Uma das obras mais conhecidas de Sêneca é, também, um ensaio moral que traz poderosas reflexões acerca da morte, da natureza humana e da arte de viver. Tido como um dos mais consagrados textos da filosofia estoica, foi estruturado em forma de cartas dirigidas a Paulino e reúne, de maneira breve e assertiva, as ideias e os questionamentos de um dos mais célebres intelectuais de sua época em uma busca incessante por viver a vida da melhor forma possível. Seus princípios de sabedoria, embora escritos há mais de dois mil anos, continuam proporcionando grandes lições na atualidade.

Der "Politikos" berührt viele Themen, die für Platons Philosophie zentral sind und die er ausführlicher in anderen Dialogen behandelt. So steht der Politikos im engen Zusammenhang mit der Staatsphilosophie, wie Platon sie uns in der "Politeia" und in den "Nomoi" entwirft. Indem auch Äußerungen zur Dialektik und zur Ontologie fallen, werden zudem klare Bezüge zum "Sophistes" und zum "Philebos" erkennbar. Schließlich finden sich durch den eingeschobenen Mythos vom Weltenlenker deutliche Anknüpfungspunkte zur Kosmologie, wie Platon sie uns im "Timaios" und auch in den "Nomoi" vorstellt.

A VULTURE BEST BOOK From renowned organizers and activists Leah Hunt-Hendrix and Astra Taylor, comes the first in-depth examination of Solidarity—not just as a rallying cry, but as potent political movement with potential to effect lasting change. A DAYTON LITERARY PEACE PRIZE FINALIST...

INSTANT #1 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER In his New York Times bestselling book, Discipline Is Destiny, Ryan Holiday made the Stoic case for a life of self-discipline. In this much-anticipated third installment in the Stoic Virtues series, he argues for the necessity of doing what’s right – even...

We tend to think about bad feelings—feelings like anger, envy, spite, and contempt—as the weeds in life's garden. But this isn't quite right, according to philosopher Krista K. Thomason. Bad feelings are the worms, not the weeds. They're just below the surface, and we like to pretend they aren't there, but they serve an important purpose. Thomason draws on insights from the history of philosophy to show what we've gotten wrong about bad feelings and to show listeners how we can live better with them.

Uma filosofia politicamente incorreta é o novo título de Luiz Felipe Pondé para o Guia politicamente incorreto da filosofia, lançado em 2012. Com texto revisitado pelo autor e uma nova introdução, a obra questiona se o pensamento politicamente correto pode fazer mal. De acordo com Pondé, sim. “Antes de tudo, ele nos faz covardes. À medida que ele se torna uma ferramenta jurídica e de linchamento público nas redes sociais, ele começa a devastar a virtude da coragem, sem a qual ninguém diz, pensa ou faz nada que tenha valor a não ser aquilo que for ‘correto’.”

Escritas em grego pelo único imperador romano que também era filósofo, sem intenção de publicação, as Meditações de Marco Aurélio oferecem ao ouvinte uma série notável de reflexões espirituais desafiadoras e exercícios desenvolvidos à medida que o imperador lutava para entender a si mesmo e dar sentido ao universo.

Em um mundo repleto de informações, opiniões e discussões acaloradas, está cada vez mais difícil participar de debates minimamente saudáveis, sobretudo nas redes sociais. Repetidamente, nos vemos embrenhados em batalhas verbais, empunhando palavras afiadas e ofensas em que um lado sai vencedor – e o outro, destruído.

Self-defeating behavior and the damage it can cause constitute a rich and intriguing area of philosophical inquiry. Choosing Well explores the challenges associated with effective choice over time from both theoretical and practical perspectives. Andreou focuses on the challenges raised by cyclic preferences and incomplete preferences, both of which interfere with our ability to neatly order our options and thus make us susceptible to self-defeating patterns of choice which in turn create unacceptable results.

Today, we are caught in a shame spiral—a vortex of mutual shaming that pervades everything from politics to social media. We are shamed for our looks, our culture, our ethnicity, our sexuality, our poverty, our wrongdoings, our politics. But what is the point of all this shaming and countershaming? Does it work? And if so, for whom? In Shame, David Keen explores the function of modern shaming, paying particular attention to how shame is instrumentalized and weaponized.