検索キーワード： 歴史

Lucius Annaeus Seneca (c. 4 BC-AD 65), also known as Seneca the Younger, was a Roman Stoic philosopher, statesman, and dramatist from the Silver Age of Latin literature. This edition of Seneca's Epistles includes all 124 of the letters in a single volume, with explanatory notes, an appendix, and an index of the names occurring in the text. The letters were written by Seneca during his retirement and sent to his friend Lucilius Junior, a procurator of Sicily.

A landmark work from the intellectually auspicious author of Orientalism, this book explores the long-overlooked connections between the Western imperial endeavor and the culture that both reflected and reinforced it. This classic study, the direct successor to Said's main work, is read by Peter Ganim ( Orientalism).

An immediate sensation when it was first published in two volumes in 1945, Popper's monumental achievement has attained legendary status on both the Left and Right and is credited with inspiring anticommunist dissidents during the Cold War. Arguing that the spirit of free, critical inquiry that governs scientific investigation should also apply to politics, Popper traces the roots of an opposite, authoritarian tendency to a tradition represented by Plato, Marx, and Hegel. 

Some people bounce back in response to setbacks; others break. We often think that these responses are hardwired, but fortunately this is not the case. Stoicism offers us an alternative approach. Plumbing the wisdom of one of the most popular and successful schools of thought from ancient Rome, philosopher William B. Irvine teaches us to turn any challenge on its head. The Stoic Challenge, then, is the ultimate guide to improving your quality of life through tactics developed by ancient Stoics, from Marcus Aurelius and Seneca to Epictetus.

Platão é considerado um dos nomes mais importantes para a compreensão do pensamento filosófico no Ocidente. Ele foi aluno de Sócrates, de quem registrou as ideias, e professor de Aristóteles–apesar das divergências que posteriormente os separaram. Um de seus legados mais importantes é a concepção do mundo das ideias em contraposição ao mundo dos sentidos. Para explicar essa teoria, o filósofo grego formulou a “alegoria da caverna”, que revolucionou para sempre a nossa forma de interpretar a realidade.

Aristóteles é considerado o primeiro cientista da humanidade e uma das mentalidades mais geniais de todos os tempos. Inventor da lógica e fundador da escola filosófica Liceu, foi aluno de Platão, mas não seu seguidor. Com isso, formulou sua própria filosofia e foi responsável por expandir a compreensão de disciplinas diversas, como biologia, ética, astronomia, retórica e política. A Coleção Saberes chega com o propósito de apresentar ideias e teorias de uma forma organizada, sintetizada e dinâmica.

Philosophy is the study of problems concerning matters as fundamental as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Pythagoras (c. 570–495 BC) is said to have coined the term.

Pragmatism, America's homegrown philosophy, has been a major intellectual movement for over a century. Unlike its rivals, it reaches well beyond the confines of philosophy into concerns and disciplines as diverse as religion, politics, science, and culture. In this concise, engagingly written overview, John R. Shook describes pragmatism's origins, concepts, and continuing global relevance and appeal.

Feeling overwhelmed by stress, negativity, or chaos? It's time to take control of your mind and rediscover your inner strength! Stoicism for Beginners: A Complete Collection of Daily Stoic Wisdom is your ultimate guide to calm, clarity, and confidence—through every twist and turn life may bring.

In this fourth and final instalment of his bestselling Stoic Virtues series, Ryan Holiday reveals a method of self education that can be honed throughout our lives. Drawing on stories of the Stoics, the Buddha, and modern greats from Abraham Lincoln to Joan Didion, he shows how to cultivate wisdom through reading, contemplation and discernment. He teaches us how to think critically, listen intently and escape the traps of tribalism, certainty and self-righteousness. As the Stoics knew, all other virtues depend on wisdom. It takes work. But it's worth it.

In this excellent English translation of The Analects, or Sayings, of Confucius, listeners will find a rich distillation of the timeless precepts of one of history's most influential teachers and social theorists. A Chinese philosopher who lived c. 551 to c. 479 B.C., Confucius originated and taught an ethical, socially oriented philosophy that stressed proper behavior and a sympathetic, mutually supportive attitude among individuals, their families and society.

The most precise and authoritative translation of one of the founding works of Western culture, in an edition supported by helpful, effective notes. The Nicomachean Ethics is one of Aristotle’s most widely read and influential works. Ideas central to ethics—that happiness is the end of human...

"Dass ich (...) vom "deutschen Wesen" zu fabeln begann (...) heute ist es mir ein unmögliches Buch" - so Nietzsche in seinem "Versuch einer Selbstkritik", dem der "Geburt der Tragödie" 14 Jahre später angefügten Vorwort aus dem Jahr 1886. Und tatsächlich birgt dieses Buch schwer zu ertragende Abschnitte, die sich, als Huldigung an die großen sächsischen Antiromanisten und Antisemiten Martin Luther und Richard Wagner, wie ein Hinweis auf den späteren Zusammenbruch der Menschlichkeit in Deutschland lesen.

"Auch der Mutigste von uns hat nur selten den Mut zu dem, was er eigentlich weiß ..."(Friedrich Nietzsche: Götzendämmerung)Eine heitere Psychologie bedarf des unverstellten Blickes, der "fröhlichen Wissenschaft", der offenen phänomenologischen Schau. Auch wenn man bei einigem in diesem Buch, wie z.B. den Ausführungen über das Bild des Sokrates, zurückschrecken mag, die Einforderung Nietzsches des unbedingt freien Blicks steht - bis heute - spannungsvoll im Raum."Ich mißtraue allen Systematikern und gehe ihnen aus dem Weg. Der Wille zum System ist ein Mangel an Rechtschaffenheit.

"Wie man wird, was man ist." So beschreibt Friedrich Nietzsche (1844 - 1900) seine autobiografische Schrift, in der er rückblickend Deutungen seiner eigenen philosophischen Schriften darlegt. Er ist dabei keinesfalls bescheiden, sondern präsentiert seine Erkenntnisse als schicksalhafte Ereignisse von globaler Bedeutung. "Ecce Homo" ist das letzte Werk vor seinem Nervenzusammenbruch im Jahre 1889.

In seinem Buch "Die Rätsel der Philosophie" (1914), zunächst erschienen unter dem Titel "Welt- und Lebensanschauungen im neunzehnten Jahrhundert" (1900/1901) stellt Rudolf Steiner die Entwicklung der abendländischen Philosophie in den Kontext der Evolution des menschlichen Bewusstseins.

Heute gilt Leibniz als das letzte Universalgenie und als Wegbereiter der Moderne. Als Mensch und als Philosoph war er zutiefst optimistisch, aufgeben war für ihn nie eine Option. Hier lernen wir Leibniz' ganze Welt kennen. An sieben Tagen seines Lebens zwischen 1675 und 1716 sehen wir ihm über die Schulter: In Paris treffen wir ihn im Bett an, wo er morgens seine besten Gedanken entwickelt. In Hannover plaudert er am Hof mit der Kurfürstin, im Harz tüftelt er über Windmühlen. Sein größter Wurf ist die Skizze einer Maschine, die mit den Zahlen 0 und 1 rechnet – Grundlage des Digitalcodes und damit des Computers.

অপূর্ব বাক-চাতুর্য, শান্সংযমী মন, প্রখর যুক্তিবোধ, নির্ভীক ও দৃঢ় চরিত্র অথচ শিশুর সারল্য মাখানো ভালোবাসার...

The inscription on the Oracle of Delphi says: 'Nothing in excess.' C.S. Lewis described temperance as going to the 'right length but no further.' Easy to say, hard to practice—and if it was tough in 300 BCE, or in the 1940s, it feels all but impossible today. Yet it's the most empowering and important virtue any of us can learn. Drawing on ancient Stoic wisdom and examples across history and around the world, Ryan Holiday shows why self-control is so vital, and how to cultivate it in our own lives. 

Philosophy is thinking critically about questions that matter. But many people find philosophy intimidating, so they never discover how invaluable it can be in engaging ideas, culture, and even their faith. Garrett DeWeese and J. P. Moreland understand these challenges, and in this book they apply their decades of teaching experience to help to make philosophy a little less difficult. Using straightforward language with plenty of everyday examples, they explain the basics needed to understand philosophical concepts.