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Rousseau's Social Contract remains, after a quarter of a millennium, one of the most controversial texts in the history of political philosophy, variously seen as a model for participatory democracy, a blueprint for totalitarianism, and several points in between. In addition to Rousseau’s magnum opus, this production includes an introduction by George Douglas Howard Cole, an English political theorist, economist, writer and historian. Also included are three discourses that Rousseau composed apart from The Social Contract.

In his essay On Anger, the Roman Stoic thinker Seneca argues that anger is the most destructive passion. This splendid new translation of essential selections from On Anger, presented with an enlightening introduction, offers listeners a timeless guide to avoiding and managing anger. Drawing on his great arsenal of rhetoric, including historical examples, anecdotes, quips, and soaring flights of eloquence, Seneca builds his case against anger with mounting intensity.

Plutarch: Alexander is the essential companion to Plutarch's Caesar, the life paired with Alexander in Plutarch's Parallel Lives. This new English version of Alexander is followed by an Afterword about Plutarch’s Parallel Lives by the translator, Christopher Pelling, Emeritus Regius Professor of Greek at Oxford University.

Socrates the lover. Socrates the warrior. An innovative and insightful exploration of the passionate early life of Socrates and the influences that led him to become the first and greatest of philosophers. Socrates - the man whose logic and questioning gave birth to the ideas of Western thought, and whose execution heralded the end of the Athenian Golden Age. Despite his preeminence among the great thinkers of the past, precious little of his story is known, and what is often begins and ends with his trial and death.

How to live in a supposedly faithless world threatened by religious fundamentalism? Terry Eagleton, formidable thinker and renowned cultural critic, investigates in this thought-provoking audiobook the contradictions, difficulties, and significance of the modern search for a replacement for God. Lucid, stylish, and entertaining in his usual manner, Eagleton presents a brilliant survey of modern thought that also serves as a timely, urgently needed intervention into our perilous political present.

All effective debaters, whether they know it or not, employ Aristotle's 3 basic principles of effective argument that form the spine of Rhetoric. In Poetics, Aristotle draws a dramatic distinction between poetry and history. This collection also includes Aristotle's body of work that has come to be identified as Logic.

Il filosofo romano scrive all'amico Lucillo, e gli racconta l'animo umano. Le sue caratteristiche, i suoi vizi e le sue virtù. Come un esploratore dei sentimenti più intimi, e un gran conoscitore delle numerose sfaccettature che compongono i pensieri e i comportamenti degli esseri umani, Seneca indica una via possibile per vivere in armonia con se stessi e con gli altri, attraverso la riscoperta della consapevolezza di quello che davvero conta.

Already a classic, this landmark study of early Western thought now appears in a new edition with expanded coverage of the Middle Ages. Author Anthony Gottlieb looks afresh at the writings of the great thinkers, questions much of conventional wisdom, and explains his findings with unbridled brilliance and clarity. From the pre-Socratic philosophers through the celebrated days of Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, up to Renaissance visionaries like Erasmus and Bacon, philosophy emerges here as a phenomenon unconfined by any one discipline.

Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) ist bis heute einer bedeutendsten Philosophen. Eine seiner bekanntesten Schriften ist, neben den großen Kritiken, sein spätes Werk Zum ewigen Frieden. Ein philosophischer Entwurf (1795).

Las Meditaciones, Pensamientos o A sí mismo del emperador romano Marco Aurelio es una obra literaria constituida por una serie de reflexiones de este filósofo, aparentemente fuera del tiempo y sin cronología. Fue originalmente redactada en griego entre los años 170 y 180. La obra, en doce tomos, es única en su género, y parece recorrer los últimos años de la vida interior de este emperador.

The Discourses of Epictetus are a series of informal lectures by the Stoic philosopher Epictetus written down by his pupil Arrian around 108 AD. Four books out of an original eight are still extant. The philosophy of Epictetus is intensely practical.

Throughout history philosophers have sought to define, understand, and delineate concepts important to human well-being. One such concept is "knowledge." Many philosophers believed that absolute, certain knowledge, is possible—that the physical world and ideas formulated about it could be given solid foundation unaffected by the varieties of mere opinion.

"Nous n'avons pas trop peu de temps, mais nous en perdons beaucoup." Un traité philosophique absolument incontournable et très actuel sur le rapport au temps dans lequel Sénèque nous invite à faire une pause dans nos vies surmenées, à prendre le temps de vivre pleinement.

Towards the end of his life and his career as one of the leading politicians and orators in Rome, Marcus Tullius Cicero (106 BCE-43 BCE) was exiled to his country house. It was a time of political turmoil in the capital of the empire, caused by the power-grab of Julius Caesar. In the quiet of the countryside, Cicero began to write on philosophy. In On the Ends of Good and Evil, he set out to consider three major traditions of Greek philosophy - Epicureanism, Stoicism and a branch of Platonism.

When I consider how much honor is attributed to antiquity, and how many times, not to mention many other examples, a fragment of an antique statue has been bought at a great price in order to have it near to one, honoring his house, being able to have it imitated by those who delight in those arts, and how they then strive with all industry to present them in all their work: and when I see, on the other hand, the works of greatest virtu which Historians indicate have been accomplished by ancient Kingdoms and Republics, by Kings, Captains, Citizens, Lawgivers, and others....

La pensée des Lumières émerge dans la seconde moitié du XVIIe siècle avant de se développer dans toute l'Europe, notamment en France, au XVIIIe siècle. Ses penseurs sont engagés contre l'oppression religieuse et politique, et œuvrent pour le progrès contre l'obscurantisme et les superstitions passées ; leur pensée a amené le triomphe de la raison sur la croyance, et s'est montrée déterminante dans les grands événements qui ont marqué l'Histoire moderne.

The philosophers from the East (China, other countries in Asia, etc.) have many things in common with the ancient philosophers in the West (Greece, Eurasia, etc.). But there are differences, too. In this guide, we will highlight and compare some of these differences and similarities. Some other chapters are devoted to several philosophers from both regions in the world, namely Pythagoras, Mo Ti, and Aristippus of Cyrene.

The great insights of the Stoics are spread over a wide range of ancient sources. This book brings them all together for the first time. It systematically presents what the various Stoic philosophers said on every important topic, accompanied by an eloquent commentary that is clear and concise. The result is a set of philosophy lessons for everyone - the most valuable wisdom of ages past made available for our times, and for all time.

The book is one of the most influential ethical treatises of all time. Written in 350 BC, it identifies happiness as life's goal. How do we achieve this goal? Not through the satisfactions that come from pleasure, wealth, or fame. According to Aristotle, the true path to happiness lies in contemplation of philosophic truth. This is the only action through which humans can exercise their distinctively unique trait: the ability to reason.

Inhalt - Die griechische Welt: Das Jünglingsalter der Geschichte - Erster Abschnitt: Die Elemente des griechischen Geistes, Das in sich Fremdartige, Vermischung mit fremden Völkern, Fürsten als Heroen, Der Trojanische Krieg, Griechische Kolonien, Der Sinn im Sinnlichen, Die schöne Individualität - Zweiter Abschnitt: Die Gestaltungen der schönen Individualität - Erstes Kapitel: Das subjektive Kunstwerk, Der menschliche Körper als Organ des Geistigen - Zweites Kapitel: Das objektive Kunstwerk, Verwandlung der Naturmächte in individuelle Götter, Zufälligkeit der griechischen Götter.

Take a magic-carpet ride through Disney's wonderful world of films and entertainment experiences and discover the wisdom within its most popular and enduring stories. 

Marcus Aurelius was a Roman Emperor, the last of the "Five Good Emperors", and one of the most important Stoic philosophers, along with the slave Epictetus. Marcus Aurelius wrote the "Meditations" while in a military campaign; it was a series of notes written for no one but himself in his quest for self-improvement. Stoicism is the attitude allowing one to free oneself from the unnecessary suffering that arises from anxiety about events that are beyond our control; therefore, it can be of tremendous importance in one's life.

Postmodernism claims that "modernity", which grew from the Enlightenment to the Industrial Revolution and Marxism, has collapsed. We now live in an endlessly "contemporary" culture, a virtual world of "hyperreality" containing such strange phenomena as post-Holocaust amnesia, Disneyland, cyberspace, and Fukuyama's proclaimed "end of history".

El gran filósofo griego Sócrates ha pasado a la historia como uno de los pensadores más importantes de la humanidad, y, debido a que no llegó a dominar la escritura, la gran mayoría de sus enseñanzas fueron transmitidas por su discípulo Platón.

Originally published in 1776, Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations was lauded by America's founders as a landmark work of Enlightenment thinking. Glory Liu traces how generations of Americans have read, reinterpreted, and weaponized Smith's ideas, revealing how his popular image as a champion of American-style capitalism and free markets is a historical invention.

The rise of Rome is one of the great stories of world history and fortunately we have a reliable and at times an eyewitness account, from the Greek historian Polybius of Megalopolis. Polybius reports on the main confrontations with the authority of a man who was present at many events and also visited historic sites of importance to ensure his accounts of the past were accurate.

In this short book, Roger Scruton presents an original and radical defense of human uniqueness. Confronting the views of evolutionary psychologists, utilitarian moralists, and philosophical materialists such as Richard Dawkins and Daniel Dennett, Scruton argues that human beings cannot be understood simply as biological objects. 

Fortune favours the bold. All great leaders of history have known this, and were successful because of the risks they dared to take. But today, so many of us are paralysed by fear. Drawing on ancient Stoic wisdom and examples across history and around the world, Ryan Holiday shows why courage is so important, and how to cultivate it in our own lives. Courage is not simply physical bravery but also doing the right thing and standing up for what you believe; it's creativity, generosity and perseverance. And it is the only way to live an extraordinary, fulfilled and effective life. 

When it appeared in 1670, Baruch Spinoza’s Theological-Political Treatise was denounced as the most dangerous book ever published. In A Book Forged in Hell, Steven Nadler tells the fascinating story of this extraordinary book: its radical claims and their background in the philosophical, religious, and political tensions of the Dutch Golden Age, as well as the vitriolic reaction these ideas inspired.

In 1602, Tommaso Campanella sat in a Neapolitan dungeon, broken by torture, and wrote a vision of paradise. His City of the Sun has been celebrated for four centuries as a founding document of utopian thought—a dream of perfect harmony, collective ownership, and philosopher-kings governing according to cosmic wisdom. This book argues that the celebration is misguided. The City of the Sun is not a utopia but an anti-utopia—a prison disguised as paradise, a nightmare dressed in the language of dreams.

Forte di questa convinzione, Cristina Dell'Acqua ci conduce in un nuovo viaggio nel mondo greco, per imparare a sentire socraticamente. Nel pensiero di quest'uomo straordinario, che nella vita non ha mai smesso di insegnare (fu la sua missione), ci sono i semi della nascita dell'uomo occidentale. Il suo insegnamento si fonda sui temi della ricerca, della libertà, del dialogo e del dubbio. Una formula che ha come nutrimento l'amore per le domande e parte da un unico presupposto: la conoscenza di sé.

The Charmides is a dialogue of Plato, in which Socrates engages a handsome and popular boy named Charmides in a conversation about the meaning of sophrosyne, a Greek word usually translated into English as "temperance," "self-control," or "restraint." When the boy is unable to satisfy him with an answer, he next turns to the boy's mentor Critias. In the dialogue, Charmides and then later Critias champion that Temperance is "doing one's own work" but Socrates derides this as vague.

Un menú pitagórico vegano, un menú kantiano servido a la hora en punto, una comida medieval con fondo de 'Carmina Burana' o un Banquete digno del mejor Sócrates. Un ameno recorrido por lo que pensaron sobre la comida –y lo que comieron o bebieron– algunos de los filósofos más ilustres. 

"De la brevedad de la Vida", es un ensayo de Séneca, en el que el autor utiliza la prosa epistolar para dar a conocer, en veinte breves apartados, sus pensamientos filosóficos sobre la vida. Séneca plantea y desarrolla una paradoja, pues, frente a la idea generalizada de que la vida es breve, él considera que es larga si se sabe vivir de acuerdo con la razón, en el camino de la sabiduría y la virtud. Lo que exige no dejarse arrastrar por las pasiones y las obligaciones no rectas. Probablemente esta obra estuvo influenciada por la experiencia de sus años de destierro.

Né esclave, Épictète devint l'un des plus grands philosophes stoïciens, et ses préceptes sont toujours appliqués aujourd'hui. Nous lui devons le stoïcisme, doctrine pensée pour éviter toutes les souffrances inutiles. Il n'y a que sur nos propres actions et attitudes que nous pouvons agir ; comme ce n'est pas parce que l'on s'inquiète beaucoup que les choses s'améliorent, il convient donc d'accueillir tout événement avec calme et sans passion.

For more than two millennia, philosophers have grappled with life's most profound and "eternal" questions. It is easy to forget, however, that these questions about fundamental issues like justice, injustice, virtue, vice, or happiness were not always eternal. They once had to be asked for the first time. This was a step that could place the inquirer beyond the boundaries of the law. And the Athenian citizen and philosopher who took that courageous step in the 5th century B.C. was Socrates.

One of Nietzsche’s earliest works, The Birth of Tragedy (1872) is a remarkable source of inspiration. It is here that the philosopher expresses his frustration with the contemporary world and urges man to embrace Dionysian energy once more. He refutes European culture since the time of Socrates, arguing that it is one-sidedly Apollonian and prevents man from living in optimistic harmony with the sufferings of life.

A lo largo de la historia, algunos libros han cambiado el mundo. Han transformado la manera en que nos vemos a nosotros mismos y a los demás. Han inspirado el debate, la discordia, la guerra y la revolución. Han iluminado, indignado, provocado y consolado. Han enriquecido vidas, y también las han destruido.

Schopenhauer is considered to be the most accessible of German philosophers. This book gives a succinct explanation of his metaphysical system, concentrating on the original aspects of his thought, which inspired many artists and thinkers including Nietzsche, Wagner, Freud, and Wittgenstein. Schopenhauer's central notion is that of the will-a blind, irrational force that he uses to interpret both the human mind and the whole of nature.