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The boulder-strewn surface that shrank their departure window to a race against fuel

The boulder-strewn surface that shrank their departure window to a race against fuel

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A sample-return capsule lands in the Australian desert with asteroid rocks, and the Hayabusa2 team races the clock. Did they make it in time?

The boulder-strewn surface that shrank their departure window to a race against fuel

In this episode, we follow the Hayabusa2 mission from proposal to arrival at asteroid Ryugu and the sudden discovery that upends plans. What choices did the team make when Ryugu's surface proved far rockier than expected, and how did a tightening departure window change everything?

Person: Makoto Yoshikawa
Date: December 5, 2020
Event: Sample return capsule landing at Woomera Test Range
Spacecraft: Hayabusa2
Target: Asteroid 162173 Ryugu

- Yoshikawa proposed a follow-up mission to Hayabusa with a more distant target, a complex sampling sequence, and an impactor, winning approval in August 2010.
- The mission budget was set at 16.4 billion yen, roughly $149 million at the time of estimation.
- Hayabusa2 launched December 3, 2014, used four ion engines producing ~28 millinewtons each, and performed an Earth gravity assist in December 2015.
- Ryugu arrived June 27, 2018, and imagery revealed a surface densely covered in multi-meter boulders, not the flat terrain the team expected.
- The densely boulder-strewn surface forced months of extra reconnaissance and delayed the first sampling attempt, narrowing a fixed departure window tied to orbital mechanics and fuel.

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