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  • The 1895 Urewera District Reserves Act: Tūhoe's Last Stand for Autonomy

    The 1895 Urewera District Reserves Act: Tūhoe's Last Stand for Autonomy
    2026/06/07
    In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore a lesser-known but pivotal chapter of New Zealand colonial history: the 1895 Urewera District Reserves Act. After decades of conflict—including Te Kooti's war and the Crown's relentless push for land—Tūhoe iwi negotiated a unique deal that recognised their sovereignty over the Urewera. We trace the events leading up to the Act, the key figures like Rua Kēnana and Te Kooti, and how the Crown later reneged on its promises, leading to the 1917 police raid on Maungapōhatu. This is a story of resistance, negotiation, and broken treaties that echoes into the present day. #Tūhoe #Urewera #TeKooti #RuaKēnana #Maungapōhatu #1895UreweraAct #ManaMotuhake #MaoriSovereignty #NewZealandHistory #Colonialism #TreatyOfWaitangi #NativeLandCourt #NgāiTūhoe #Whakatane #Gisborne #19thCentury #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo
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    5 分
  • Hauhau and Pai Marire: Maori Prophet Movements of the 1860s

    Hauhau and Pai Marire: Maori Prophet Movements of the 1860s
    2026/06/06
    In the 1860s, as the New Zealand Wars raged, a new spiritual movement swept through Maori communities. Pai Marire, meaning 'good and peaceful', was founded by the prophet Te Ua Haumene, a Taranaki Maori who experienced visions after the Taranaki War. Combining Christian and Maori elements, it offered hope and resistance. Lucas and Luna explore how Te Ua developed his faith, the famous niu poles used in rituals, and how the movement spread from Taranaki to the East Coast, where it merged with anti-government sentiment. They discuss the controversial Battle of Sentry Hill and the movement's eventual decline after Te Ua's capture. This episode also touches on the legacy of Hauhau as both a religious and political force, and its connection to later prophets like Te Kooti and Rua Kenana. #PaiMarire #TeUaHaumene #Hauhau #NewZealandWars #MaoriHistory #ProphetMovement #Taranaki #NiuPole #SentryHill #EastCoast #MaoriReligion #1860s #ManaMotuhake #OralHistory #ColonialNewZealand #NewZealandHistory #Oceania #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo
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    6 分
  • The Maori Kingitanga Flag: Symbol of a Nation

    The Maori Kingitanga Flag: Symbol of a Nation
    2026/06/06
    In 1858, as the Maori King movement gathered momentum, a flag was needed to unite the tribes under King Potatau Te Wherowhero. This episode explores the creation, symbolism, and legacy of the Kingitanga flag—known as Te Paki o te Matua or the 'flag of the father'—which features a red cross, a white star, and a red field. We trace its origins to a prophetic dream, its use in battle during the Waikato War, and its continued importance as a symbol of Maori sovereignty today. Along the way, we meet the flag's designer, the Ngati Toa chief Te Rangihaeata, and discuss the role of the flag in maintaining mana motuhake (self-determination) through 150 years of colonization and revival. #Kingitanga #MaoriFlag #TePakioteMatua #PotatauTeWherowhero #Tawhiao #TeRangihaeata #WaikatoWar #ManaMotuhake #MāoriSovereignty #Aotearoa #NewZealandHistory #MaoriKingMovement #Symbolism #Flags #IndigenousResistance #19thCentury #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo
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    8 分
  • The Swamp Pa: How Maori Engineers Redefined Fortress Warfare

    The Swamp Pa: How Maori Engineers Redefined Fortress Warfare
    2026/06/05
    In 1860s New Zealand, British soldiers armed with artillery and Enfield rifles faced an enemy they could not outmanoeuvre: the swamp pa. Episode 79 of The History of New Zealand takes you into the mud and timber of Lake Orakai, where Ngāti Maniapoto, Waikato, and Tūhoe engineers built a fortress that turned a British invasion into a tactical nightmare. We follow General Duncan Cameron's 800-strong column as it marched south from Auckland, only to be held for three days by fewer than 200 defenders at Paterangi. Then we examine the Kīngitanga's masterstroke—the swamp pa at Orakau—where Rewi Maniapoto's people fought to the last rather than surrender, their final stand crystallising into the war cry 'Ka whawhai tonu mātou, ake, ake, ake' ('We will fight on forever and ever'). Along the way, we unpack the engineering: hidden trenches, timber palisades, flax-rope bindings, and the deliberate use of boggy ground to mire heavy British guns. This is not just a battle story—it's a lesson in asymmetrical warfare and the fusion of Māori tradition with brutal modernity. #Orakau #SwampPa #MāoriEngineering #WaikatoWar #Kīngitanga #RewiManiapoto #Paterangi #DuncanCameron #AsymmetricalWarfare #NgātiManiapoto #Tūhoe #KaWhawhaiTonu #Rangiriri #FortressWarfare #NewZealandWars #MilitaryHistory #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo
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    5 分
  • The Musket Wars: How Firearms Transformed Maori Warfare

    The Musket Wars: How Firearms Transformed Maori Warfare
    2026/06/05
    Before the Treaty of Waitangi and the colonial wars, a devastating conflict reshaped Aotearoa. The Musket Wars (c. 1807–1842) saw Maori iwi armed with European muskets turn ancient rivalries into campaigns of conquest and displacement. In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore how coastal tribes like Ngāpuhi, under leaders like Hongi Hika, gained early access to firearms through trade with Sydney merchants, then unleashed waves of muskets on traditional enemies, killing tens of thousands and forcing mass migrations. They discuss the siege of Mātakitaki pā, the role of mana in escalating violence, the shifting balance of power between iwi, and how these wars left a fractured landscape that made later British colonization possible. The conversation also touches on the paradox of Maori adaptiveness — how quickly they integrated gunpowder technology — and the long shadow cast on inter-tribal relations that persisted into the colonial era. A fresh look at a bloody pre-colonial chapter that redefined Maori society. #MusketWars #HongiHika #Ngāpuhi #MaoriWarfare #Aotearoa #PreColonialNewZealand #Muskets #Mātakitaki #Pā #MaoriHistory #Firearms #TribalWarfare #19thCentury #Oceania #IndigenousHistory #History #FexingoHistory #NewZealandHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo
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    8 分
  • Te Rangi Kainuia: The Ngapuhi Chief Who Drafted a Constitution

    Te Rangi Kainuia: The Ngapuhi Chief Who Drafted a Constitution
    2026/06/04
    In 1834, thirteen years before the Treaty of Waitangi, a Ngapuhi chief named Te Rangi Kainuia gathered northern leaders at a meeting called the 'Confederation of the United Tribes'. They drafted a Declaration of Independence — He Whakaputanga — asserting Māori sovereignty over New Zealand. This episode explores the forgotten document, the British response, and how Kainuia's vision of a united Māori nation was sidelined by the Treaty. Lucas and Luna discuss the text of He Whakaputanga, its 34 signatories, and why it still sparks legal debate today. #TeRangiKainuia #HeWhakaputanga #ConfederationOfUnitedTribes #Ngapuhi #MaoriSovereignty #1834 #TreatyOfWaitangi #JamesBusby #BritishResident #MaoriConstitution #MaoriHistory #NewZealandHistory #Oceania #ColonialHistory #IndigenousSovereignty #FexingoHistory #History #LegalHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo
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    7 分
  • The Maori King Movement: Kīngitanga from Tāwhiao to Today

    The Maori King Movement: Kīngitanga from Tāwhiao to Today
    2026/06/04
    This episode explores the Kīngitanga, the Maori King movement, from its founding in 1858 as a unity response to land loss and British sovereignty, through the exile of King Tāwhiao, the establishment of the Kauhanganui parliament at Maungakawa, and the movement's resilience under Te Puea Hērangi. Lucas and Luna discuss the symbolism of the King's flag, the Kīngitanga's role in the Waikato War and raupatu (land confiscation), and its modern revival under King Tūheitia, including the 2024 national hui and constitutional discussions. They touch on the difference between mana whenua (tribal authority) and Kīngitanga's pan-tribal vision, and the movement's quiet persistence in Aotearoa's political landscape. #Kīngitanga #MaoriKingMovement #Tāwhiao #TePueaHērangi #KingTūheitia #WaikatoWar #Raupatu #Kauhanganui #Maungakawa #Tūrangawaewae #ManaMotuhake #Aotearoa #MaoriHistory #NewZealandHistory #Oceania #IndigenousSovereignty #History #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo
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    7 分
  • The 1840 Treaty of Waitangi: Intentions, Translations, and Aftermath

    The 1840 Treaty of Waitangi: Intentions, Translations, and Aftermath
    2026/06/03
    In this episode, Lucas and Luna explore the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi on 6 February 1840 — Aotearoa New Zealand's founding document. They discuss the divergent Māori and English versions, the key figures involved like James Busby and Henry Williams, and the immediate aftermath including the Declaration of Independence (1835) and the role of British Resident James Busby. The conversation covers the concept of kāwanatanga versus rangatiratanga, the impact on Māori sovereignty, and the treaty's enduring legacy in modern New Zealand law and politics. Specific attention is given to the debates at Waitangi, the role of the missionary Henry Williams in translation, and the differing understandings that led to conflict. The episode also touches on the treaty's later rediscovery through the Waitangi Tribunal and its centrality in contemporary Māori-Pākehā relations. #TreatyOfWaitangi #TeTiritiOWaitangi #NewZealandHistory #MāoriHistory #HenryWilliams #JamesBusby #WaitangiTribunal #Kāwanatanga #Rangatiratanga #1840 #Aotearoa #Pākehā #MāoriSovereignty #Waitangi #HoneHeke #DeclarationOfIndependence #ColonialHistory #FexingoHistory Keep every episode free: buymeacoffee.com/fexingo
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    7 分