The 75‑cent excise tax that funded $4.6 billion in payouts
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The 75‑cent excise tax that funded $4.6 billion in payouts
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The 75‑cent excise tax that funded $4.6 billion in payouts
In this episode, we trace how a 75-cent per-dose tax created a no-fault compensation system and how that structure handled thousands of claims alleging vaccine harm. What happens when a program designed to be faster and fairer faces a massive, singular challenge that tests its procedures and assumptions?
Person: Special Masters (appointed attorneys)
Date: 1988 (program start), 2008-2009 (key filings and ruling)
Location: United States Court of Federal Claims
Topic: National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program, MMR autism claims
Event: 5,263 petitions alleging MMR caused autism
- Congress created a no-fault vaccine compensation system in 1986 and the program began in 1988, funded by a 75-cent excise tax per vaccine dose.
- Claims were heard by Special Masters in the Court of Federal Claims with a preponderance-of-evidence standard and no juries.
- The program reimbursed legal fees even for unsuccessful petitioners who met filing thresholds and used a Vaccine Injury Table to presume causation in certain time windows.
- Between 1988 and January 2008, the program received 8,128 petitions; 925 were compensated and 5,263 alleged MMR caused autism.
- The concentration of thousands of similar MMR autism claims culminated in a pivotal federal ruling in February 2009 that reshaped how the system handled those cases.
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