Roosevelt's Court-Packing Gambit: The Constitutional Crisis of 1937
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Roosevelt's Court-Packing Gambit: The Constitutional Crisis of 1937
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ナレーター：
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著者：
(00:01:30) The First Hundred Days
(00:02:54) The Nine Old Men
(00:04:12) The Gambit
(00:05:37) The Switch in Time
(00:06:57) The Stakes Behind the Gambit
(00:08:21) Glass-Steagall and the SEC
(00:09:41) What the New Deal Actually Did
(00:11:14) The Lesson That Had to Be Relearned
By February 1937, Franklin Roosevelt had steered America through the worst of the Great Depression. The banks were open, the Dust Bowl refugees had federal relief, and the New Deal had rewritten the relationship between government and citizen. But the Supreme Court — nine justices, four of them implacably hostile to federal intervention — had been systematically tearing his programmes apart. The NIRA. The AAA. The Bituminous Coal Act. One by one, the pillars fell.
So Roosevelt did something no president had done before. Flush from a landslide re-election, he announced a plan to reshape the judiciary itself. For every justice over seventy who declined to retire, he would appoint a new one — up to six additional seats. The court could grow from nine to fifteen. He called it efficiency reform. The country called it what it was: court-packing.
The political backlash was immediate and bipartisan. Even loyal Democrats broke with him. The Senate Judiciary Committee called the bill 'a needless, futile, and utterly dangerous abandonment of constitutional principle.' And then, before the Senate had even voted, something extraordinary happened — Justice Owen Roberts shifted his position, and the course of American constitutional law shifted with him.
This chapter of the 1929 crash story examines how the New Deal's legislative ambition collided head-on with the Constitution's architecture, and what it reveals about the fragile balance of power that underpins American capitalism — a balance nearly destroyed by the crash, and tested again in ways few history books fully reckon with.
This episode includes AI-generated content.
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