Did Witches really exist? Why were Witches harassed and oppressed? Were Witches men or women? Let’s look back at the European history behind witch hunts, persecutions, hangings, and burnings. E247.

Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/KzmD1bJLVjE which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams.

• History Unplugged podcast available at https://amzn.to/3YthqYx
• Witches & Witchcraft books at https://amzn.to/4555O2X
• Salem Witch Hunt books at https://amzn.to/44NsmnH

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• Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet
• Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america
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Audio credits: History Unplugged podcast with Scott Rank (Episode-Witches Weren't Burned During The Middle Ages, That Actually Happened in the Renaissance Period; 06jun2023) Salem Media, Parthenon Network. Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.

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The connection between Christianity and witches is primarily one of conflict, as mainstream Christian theology considers witchcraft an abomination based on biblical prohibitions against sorcery and divination. However, the relationship is also complex, with some individuals identifying as "Christian witches" who believe witchcraft and Christian faith can be compatible, while others see witchcraft as a practice separate from religion. Historically, there are instances of both persecution and folk magic that incorporated Christian elements. E246.

Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/OtfBde3Bybo which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams.

• History Unplugged podcast available at https://amzn.to/3YthqYx
• Witches & Witchcraft books at https://amzn.to/4555O2X
• Salem Witch Hunt books at https://amzn.to/44NsmnH

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• Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet
• Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america
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Audio credits: History Unplugged podcast with Scott Rank (Episode-Witches Weren't Burned During The Middle Ages, That Actually Happened in the Renaissance Period; 06jun2023) Salem Media, Parthenon Network. Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.

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From a traditional Christian perspective, witchcraft is seen as a practice that falls under the influence of demonic forces rather than God. E245.

Check out the YouTube version of this episode at https://youtu.be/spjNZXgaQUA which has accompanying visuals including maps, charts, timelines, photos, illustrations, and diagrams.

• History Unplugged podcast available at https://amzn.to/3YthqYx
• Witches & Witchcraft books at https://amzn.to/4555O2X
• Salem Witch Hunt books at https://amzn.to/44NsmnH

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• Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet
• Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america
• Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast
• Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mark.vinet.9
• X (twitter): https://twitter.com/HistoricalJesu
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Audio credits: History Unplugged podcast with Scott Rank (Episode-Witches Weren't Burned During The Middle Ages, That Actually Happened in the Renaissance Period; 06jun2023) Salem Media, Parthenon Network. Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.

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We continue the Gospel of Mark's fast-moving account of the fascinating life of Jesus of Nazareth.

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Audio credits: Bible Audio narration: Book of Mark-Chapter 3 (WordProject, International Biblical Association). Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.

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The Book of ACTS continues the story of Christianity and is the fifth book of the New Testament. It recounts the founding of the Christian Church and the spread of its message across the Roman Empire.

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• The Acts of the Apostles book available at https://amzn.to/3M6sTId
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Audio credits: Breathe Bible podcast (LifeAudio Podcast Network, Salem Web Network). Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.

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On 24 October 1964, Pope Paul VI officially consecrated the newly rebuilt basilica of the Abbey of Monte Cassino after it was destroyed during World War II. He consecrated the restored abbey church and declared St. Benedict the patron saint of Europe. Following its destruction by Allied bombing on 15 February 1944, massive reconstruction of the Benedictine monastery began under Abbot Ildefonso Rea, aiming to recreate the historic structure designed by Cosimo Fanzago. October 24 is also recognized in the liturgical calendar as the feast day of Saint Marcius of Monte Cassino.

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Audio credits: Saint of the Day podcast—St Benedict of Nursia, abbot (14mar2024) & Venerable Benedict Biscop, Abbot of Wearmouth (12jan2026) Greek Orthodox Deacon Jerome Atherholt and Ancient Faith Radio; The Saint of the Day podcast (St. Benedict, 11july2024 & St. Scholastica 10feb2024) Good Catholic and The Catholic Company; Saint Of The Day podcast with Mike Roberts by Covenant Network (ourcatholicradio.org) Memorial Of Saint Benedict (July 11, 2025) and Saint Scholastica (February 10, 2025). Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.

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October 23 is the feast day of James the Just (also known as James of Jerusalem or the Brother of the Lord) celebrated in the Lutheran, Episcopal, and Eastern Orthodox traditions, and on May 3 in the Roman Catholic Church (where he is often associated or grouped with James the Less). First Bishop of Jerusalem and leader of the early Jewish-Christian community. Attributed as the author of the New Testament writing Epistle of James. Presided over the Council of Jerusalem around AD 49. Martyred in Jerusalem around AD 62 by being thrown from the temple pinnacle and stoned.

• James Prothro books available at https://amzn.to/4gkOYjm
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• Dwell On These Things podcast https://amzn.to/4hXMR6W
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• Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVinet
• Mark's HISTORY OF NORTH AMERICA podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america
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Audio credits: Catholic Saints podcast: St. James the Lesser (01may2023) with Dr. James Prothro and Mary McGeehan, Augustine Institute; Dwell On These Things podcast with pastor & author John Stange (episode: Who were the apostles of Jesus? 20nov2023) Life Audio, Salem Media. Audio excerpts reproduced under a Creative Commons license and the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.

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The feast day of Saint John Paul II is celebrated annually on October 22, marking the anniversary of his papal inauguration mass in 1978. He was canonized on April 27, 2014, by Pope Francis, and made the patron saint of World Youth Day, young Catholics, families, and Poland. In honor of Pope John Paul the Second’s annual Feast Day celebration, let’s answer the question: Where do popes get their names from? HJe205.

• History of the Papacy books at https://amzn.to/4mdPXWq
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• Jimmy Akin's Mysterious World podcast at https://amzn.to/3YJpTqZ
• Books by Jimmy Akin available at https://amzn.to/3shLkD8
• Tom Nash book available at https://amzn.to/3H1kCpJ

ENJOY Ad-Free content, Bonus episodes, and Extra materials when joining our growing community on https://patreon.com/markvinet SUPPORT this channel by purchasing any product on Amazon using this FREE entry LINK https://amzn.to/3POlrUD (Amazon gives us credit at NO extra charge to you).

• Mark Vinet's TIMELINE video channel: https://youtube.com/c/TIMELINE_MarkVine
• Mark's History of North America podcast: www.parthenonpodcast.com/history-of-north-america
• Website: https://markvinet.com/podcast
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Audio credits: Catholic Answers Live podcast – episodes 12199/200/197 with Jimmy Akin and Tom Nash. Audio excerpts reproduced under the Fair Use (Fair Dealings) Legal Doctrine for purposes such as criticism, comment, teaching, education, scholarship, research and news reporting.

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