In the second episode of our Frederick Wiseman retrospective, Cole and Zach turn to “Moral Authority,” looking at three of Wiseman’s most probing films of the 1970s: Essene (1972), Juvenile Court (1973), and Welfare (1975).Across a Benedictine monastery, a juvenile court in Memphis, and a New York City welfare office, Wiseman examines institutions built around judgment, responsibility, mercy, discipline, and care. The settings could hardly be more different, but each film asks some version of the same question: who has the authority to decide what another person needs, deserves, or ought to become?As the retrospective continues, we also look at the evolution of Wiseman’s filmmaking: his increasing patience, ambiguity, and willingness to let institutions reveal themselves through contradiction rather than simple condemnation.Up next: THE AMERICAN MACHINEBasic Training (1971)Canal Zone (1977)Sinai Field Mission (1978)Manoeuvre (1979)Missile (1988)CHAPTERS0:00 Introduction2:49 Essene16:32 Juvenile Court41:05 WelfareFURTHER READINGMuch of our research throughout this series draws from:Barry Keith Grant — Voyages of Discovery: The Cinema of Frederick Wiseman, Revised and Expanded Edition (2023)Thomas W. Benson & Carolyn Anderson — Reality Fictions: The Films of Frederick Wiseman, 2nd Edition (2002)Thomas W. Benson & Carolyn Anderson — Making Documentary Film: Frederick Wiseman and His Collaborators (2024)INTRO MUSIC“Cylinder Two” — Chris ZabriskieFrom the album Cylindershttps://chriszabriskie.bandcamp.com/album/cylindersLicensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/https://chriszabriskie.com/#FrederickWiseman #DocumentaryFilm #FilmPodcast