In this episode of The Problem With George Washington, I continue my primary-source analysis of George Washington's religious beliefs by examining his Farewell Address.

Using the same methodology established in previous episodes, I identify Washington's explicit references and implicit allusions to a higher being and compare them with the language found in his earlier writings. In addition to its political significance, the Farewell Address provides another opportunity to evaluate the consistency of Washington's religious expressions as he prepared to leave public office.

With each document, the evidence becomes more complete, allowing patterns to emerge while still avoiding conclusions that extend beyond what the historical record can support. The investigation will continue by examining additional writings from later in Washington's life.

Read the Farewell Address for yourself:

George Washington's Farewell Address

One additional note: you'll hear my puppy, Asher, making several appearances throughout this episode—chewing on water bottles, chasing the cats, barking, and generally reminding me that life doesn't pause for research. I left those moments in intentionally. They're part of the environment in which these conversations happen so enjoy the magical sounds of nature as I try to train my puppy to not be a giant monster =)