Now, if you ask an AI a question, it will usually give you an absolute answer with unwavering authority, even if that answer turns out to be wrong. In fact, today's AI seems to be missing a fundamental human trait: self-doubt. Long before the current wave of large language models, one academic researcher was trying to give machines a sense of their own limitations. Zoubin Ghahramani has spent the last 30 years pioneering a type of intelligence built on the mathematics of uncertainty. Today, as a professor at Cambridge and VP of Research at Google DeepMind, Zoubin finds himself at the heart of another interesting debate: will improving machine uncertainty be one of the missing pieces to ever improving AI?

Timecodes:

• 00:00 Introduction
• 01:06 The role of uncertainty
• 07:45 Correctness vs confidence
• 09:40 Historical perspectives
• 16:10 Bayesian thinking in AI
• 26:30 Uncertainty in the real world
• 36:42 Future research and AGI

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Neel and his team are trying to do something phenomenally difficult: understand an intelligence that didn't come with a manual. Together, they explore the cutting-edge "neuroscience" of artificial intelligence—revealing the surprising, elegant structures being discovered inside these networks (like spare autoencoders), the inherent limits of looking under the hood, and why interpretability is absolutely essential if we are to build safe, aligned and trustworthy AI as we move towards AGI. Learn more about this area of research via https://deepmind.google/

Timecodes

• 00:00 Introduction
• 02:41 Motivation for interpretability research
• 04:01 Mechanistic interpretability
• 08:14 Chain of thought monitoring
• 18:14 Interpretability techniques
• 35:00 Auditing models for safety
• 48:53 What comes next for interpretability

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Timecodes:

• 00:00 Intro
• 1:07 Defining AI agents
• 4:44 Agentic exploration in science and research
• 15:46 Delegation between agents
• 22:46 Agentic security and traps
• 29:31 Building an agentic economy
• 33:22 Cognitive monoculture
• 36:29 Distributed intelligence

To read the research, search for: Distributional AGI Safety, May 2026 Intelligent AI Delegation, February 2026 Virtual Agent Economies, September 2025

Please leave us a review on Spotify or Apple Podcasts if you enjoyed this episode. We always want to hear from our audience whether that's in the form of feedback, new idea or a guest recommendation!

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