The average investor was excluded from the explosive upside when SpaceX was a private company. That upside was reaped by “accredited” investors The average investor is largely excluded from the IPO allotment - a few crumbs were thrown. Now, the average investor is faced with investing at $170. Academic studies show that the long-term returns of IPOs in excess of reasonable benchmarks like the S&P are modest - or non-existent.

In this episode of Through the Noise, Cam Harvey unpacks one of finance's most consequential and least understood rules: who counts as a "qualified investor." In the US, the label has nothing to do with knowledge or credentials. It comes down to wealth. Cam traces the rule to the 1929 crash and the Securities Act of 1933, explains why its costly disclosure regime made sense then, and argues that it now locks ordinary people out of the highest-return investments, from SpaceX to OpenAI to Anthropic. With information cheaper and more abundant than ever, he makes the case for a lighter, intermediate tier of disclosure that would let far more investors participate early, diversify properly, and share in the companies shaping the future.

A $1.75 trillion IPO is about to hit the market, and the mechanics behind it could leave retail investors holding the bag. In this episode of Through the Noise, Cam Harvey breaks down how SpaceX's Nasdaq debut triggers a wave of forced index-fund rebalancing, and why recently waived listing rules amplify the distortion. With only 4% of shares trading freely, a little-known Nasdaq provision counts SpaceX at three times that weight, pushing demand and the price artificially higher. Drawing on his research into the unintended consequences of rebalancing, Cam explains why the spike is only temporary, how the correction unfolds, and the asymmetric information gap that leaves everyday investors dangerously exposed. If you are tempted to buy into the hype, understand the mechanics first.