Born a Harm: The Court That Said Existence Was an Injury
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概要
Existence as injury: in 1980 a California appeals court allowed a wrongful life suit on behalf of a child with Tay-Sachs, ruling that "such a plaintiff both exists and suffers, due to the negligence of others." Could a court really treat being born as the legal harm, and what did that mean for medicine and law?
In this episode, we walk through the facts of Curlender v. Bio-Science Laboratories, the medical realities of Tay-Sachs, and the legal leap that asked whether nonexistence could be preferable to life. How did a single genetic test, a skipped amniocentesis, and a laboratory's assurances produce a case that reshaped legal thinking about who can be wronged?
Person: child-plaintiff represented by legal guardian
Date: 1980 (California Court of Appeal decision)
Case: Curlender v. Bio-Science Laboratories
Disease: Tay-Sachs (infantile form)
Medical test: genetic screening and missed detection leading parents to skip amniocentesis
- The court's key sentence: "such a plaintiff both exists and suffers, due to the negligence of others." (seven words)
- Tay-Sachs leads to death usually before age five in the classic infantile form.
- If both parents carry the Tay-Sachs mutation, each pregnancy has a 1-in-4 chance of producing an affected child.
- The parents relied on Bio-Science Laboratories' representation that its genetic test was reliable and therefore did not pursue amniocentesis.
- Before Curlender in 1980, no American high court had held that existence itself could be the legal injury.
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