#172 Benito Mussolini: How Fascism Took Over Italy
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#172 Benito Mussolini: How Fascism Took Over Italy
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Before fascism became a global political force, Benito Mussolini was figuring out how to build it. Once a socialist, he broke with the movement during World War I, founded the Italian Fascist movement, and used the instability of postwar Italy to position himself for power after the March on Rome in 1922.
This episode traces how Mussolini turned that opening into dictatorship: Blackshirt violence, propaganda, attacks on political opposition, and cooperation from institutions that believed they could contain or benefit from him. Rather than replacing democracy overnight, fascism tightened its grip piece by piece until meaningful opposition had largely disappeared.
We follow Mussolini through imperial expansion, his alliance with Hitler, Italy’s disastrous war, and his eventual collapse and execution in 1945. His story is ultimately about more than one dictator—it’s about how fragile institutions, political violence, and elite accommodation can combine to dismantle a democracy from within.
Follow along for the next deep dive.
Stay curious.