S2 Ep55: Gula, the Great Healer of Ancient Mesopotamia
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S2 Ep55: Gula, the Great Healer of Ancient Mesopotamia
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Nearly 3,900 years ago, in the Mesopotamian city of Isin, something happened that had never happened before: the temple dogs stopped barking.
Step into the ancient world with us and meet Gula, also called Ninisina, Ninkarrak, and Lady of Life. She was the Great Physician of Mesopotamia, a goddess worshiped for more than two thousand years by kings, midwives, scribes, and mothers in the middle of the night. She could send a sickness and she could lift it. She carried a scalpel, and she came with a dog at her side.
In this episode you'll hear an immersive microstory set in the goddess's own city, then explore how people 4,000 years ago understood the cosmos, illness, and the gods. You'll meet Gula's family, walk into her legendary Dog House, learn how she helped human beings, and discover what people offered her. We finish with why she still speaks to us today, and a simple, heart-centered ritual you can try at home.
This episode is educational and devotional. It is not medical advice. Gula's own devotees always paired prayer with skilled care, and so should we.
REFERENCES
- Dalley, Stephanie, trans. Myths from Mesopotamia: Creation, the Flood, Gilgamesh, and Others. Rev. ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000. (Atrahasis and creation narratives.)
- Foster, Benjamin R. Before the Muses: An Anthology of Akkadian Literature. 3rd ed. Bethesda, MD: CDL Press, 2005. (Includes the Gula Hymn of Bulluṭsa-rabi and prayers to appease angry gods.)
- Lambert, Wilfred G. "The Gula Hymn of Bulluṭsa-rabi." Orientalia n.s. 36 (1967): 105–132.
- Parpola, Simo, and Kazuko Watanabe. Neo-Assyrian Treaties and Loyalty Oaths. State Archives of Assyria 2. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press, 1988. (Esarhaddon's succession treaty and its curses invoking Gula.)
- Roth, Martha T. Law Collections from Mesopotamia and Asia Minor. 2nd ed. Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1997. (Code of Hammurabi, including the medical fee laws and epilogue curses invoking Ninkarrak.)
- Black, Jeremy A., Graham Cunningham, Eleanor Robson, and Gábor Zólyomi. The Literature of Ancient Sumer. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004. (Sumerian hymns and texts relating to Ninisina; also available online as the Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature, etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk.)