South Africa's trade relations with the United States are under strain, threatening its access to the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA). As Washington weaponizes tariffs and market access, Pretoria faces mounting pressure to diversify its economic partnerships.

Beijing's zero-tariff initiative offers African exporters new opportunities, but China-Africa trade remains heavily concentrated in raw materials. For African governments, the challenge is to turn strategic resources, critical minerals and geographic advantages into genuine economic leverage through industrialization, regional integration and stronger domestic capabilities. Diversifying international partnerships will require more than diplomatic maneuvering; it demands the infrastructure, skilled workforces and political coordination to capture greater value.

Ronak Gopaldas, Director at geopolitical risk consultancy Signal Risk and Visiting Fellow at the London School of Economics, joins Eric and Geraud to discus great-power competition in Africa, South Africa's trade dilemma, and how African countries can leverage U.S.-China rivalry to advance their economic interests.

📌 Topics covered in this episode:

• South Africa's Trade Ties With Washington Strained
• AGOA Access and Washington's Use of Tariffs
• China's Zero-Tariff Initiative and African Export Opportunities
• China-Africa Trade and the Challenge of Industrialization
• Africa's Economic Diversification Amid U.S.-China Competition Intensifies
• Regional Integration and Building Domestic Industrial Capacity

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