Would you answer the loyalty questionnaire and lose your country?
カートのアイテムが多すぎます
ご購入は五十タイトルがカートに入っている場合のみです。
カートに追加できませんでした。
しばらく経ってから再度お試しください。
ウィッシュリストに追加できませんでした。
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ほしい物リストの削除に失敗しました。
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ポッドキャストのフォローに失敗しました
ポッドキャストのフォロー解除に失敗しました
Would you answer the loyalty questionnaire and lose your country?
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著者：
Would you answer the loyalty questionnaire and lose your country?
In this episode, we follow Violet Kazue de Cristoforo’s account of being forced from her home, giving birth in a makeshift camp, and continuing to write through incarceration and displacement. It traces how a two-question loyalty registration forced impossible choices about citizenship, identity, and survival - what would you have done?
Person: Violet Kazue de Cristoforo
Event: Forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans after Pearl Harbor
Location: Fresno Assembly Center; Jerome War Relocation Center; Tule Lake Segregation Center
Date: Questionnaire issued early 1943; book dated 1944 and finished 1993
Topic: Loyalty registration (questions 27-28) and its consequences
- Born in 1912 in Coalinga, California, Kazue was an American citizen who ran a Japanese-language bookshop in Fresno and was active in haiku circles.
- After Executive Order 9066, Kazue and her family were sent to the Fresno Assembly Center, where she gave birth on a table made from fruit crates inside a horse stall.
- The War Relocation Authority’s “loyalty” questionnaire arrived in early 1943 with two pivotal items: willingness to serve in the U.S. armed forces, and renouncing allegiance to the Japanese emperor.
- Answering yes to renounce allegiance could strip legally barred immigrants of their only citizenship; answering no marked detainees as disloyal and risked transfer to places like Tule Lake.
- Kazue wrote in real time during camps and after, producing a book with a cover date of 1944 that she completed in 1993, preserving the contemporaneous thoughts of poets inside the camps.
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