検索キーワード： 進化・遺伝学

Before the Pilgrims landed at Cape Cod, what was happening in North America? Who was there? What civilizations rose and fell? For years, the answers to these questions have been shrouded in mystery. At the time of European contact, a diverse world of Native peoples thrived across the continent. What was their backstory? Who were the ancestors of the Sioux? Where did the Navajo come from? What about the Apache, the Comanche, the Cherokee?

EL ORIGEN DE LAS ESPECIES • CHARLES DARWIN Charles Darwin, al publicar su obra El origen de las especies en 1859, presentó su teoría de la evolución mediante la selección natural que, pasados ciento cincuenta años, continúa siendo la base de la interpretación de la naturaleza de la biología moderna. El libro tuvo un gran éxito desde su primera edición, suscitó grandes polémicas y su influencia se hizo notar no sólo en la comunidad científica, sino también en toda la sociedad.

Voor de bestudering van gedragsevolutie zijn we aangewezen op eigentijdse experimenten en vergelijkingen met dieren. Op basis van de neodarwinistische evolutietheorie kan aangetoond worden hoe het gedrag van mens en dier zich ontwikkelt als gevolg van de strijd om het bestaan en de overleving van de geschiktste. Door het grote voortplantingsvermogen en de beperkte draagkracht van het milieu ontstaat er concurrentie. De verschillen in eigenschappen zijn erfelijk en daardoor ontstaat er een natuurlijke selectie van "betere" eigenschappen.

We humans have an extraordinary capacity for compassion—much of it in response to the atrocities we inflict on the planet, its animals, and each other. The popular explanation for this paradox is that we evolved as carnivorous “killer apes,” who gradually curbed our lust for violence (with frequent exceptions) by implementing humane social norms. This explanation is so well worn, especially in the American psyche, that it epitomizes cliché. So, we could be forgiven for believing it, when nearly every word is fiction.

Tim Coulson – Professor of Zoology at Oxford – takes us back to the beginning of everything: the Big Bang 13.8 billion years ago. From there, he leads us step by step along the path to the most astonishing thing we have yet encountered – the staggering complexity of the modern human mind. Covering physics, astronomy, chemistry, geology, the emergence of life, evolution, consciousness and the rise of humankind, yet written to be understood by anyone with a child’s curiosity, this book takes the biggest story of all and tells it simply, grippingly and, above all, entertainingly.

Since the dawn of humankind, mental illness has been one of our greatest causes of suffering as a species. But for the majority of our history, its causes have remained a mystery. Professor Karl Deisseroth shares his breakthrough discovery, optogenetics, a biological technique that allows us to decipher the brain's inner workings using light. With moving and revelatory stories from both personal and professional experience, he reveals what mental illnesses really are, why we suffer from them and the unexpected role they have played in our evolution.

We are living through a period that is unique in human history. For the first time in more than ten thousand years, the rate of human population growth is slowing down. In the middle of this century population growth will stop, and the number of people on Earth will start to decline—fast. In this provocative book, award-winning science writer Henry Gee offers a concise, brilliantly told history of our species—and argues that we are on a rapid one-way trip to extinction.

Professor Richard Wiseman is clear about one thing: paranormal phenomena don't exist. But in the same way that the science of space travel transforms our everyday lives, so research into telepathy, fortune-telling and out-of-body experiences produces remarkable insights into our brains, behaviour and beliefs. Paranormality embarks on a wild ghost chase into this new science of the supernatural and is packed with activities that allow you to experience the impossible.

Kooperation ist ein grundlegendes Prinzip allen Lebens. Heute weiß man: Kein Tier, keine Pflanze, kein komplexer Organismus kommt ohne sie aus. Dirk Brockmann führt uns ein in die Welt der Symbiosen, beschreibt die Macht der Bakterien und erklärt, wie revolutionäre Innovationen der Erdgeschichte erst durch Kooperationen möglich wurden.

Inevitably, life on Earth will come to an end, whether by climate disaster, cataclysmic war, or the death of the sun in a few billion years. To avoid extinction, we will have to find a new home planet, perhaps even a new solar system, to inhabit. In this provocative and fascinating book, Christopher Mason argues that we have a moral duty to do just that.

പരിണാമത്തെപ്പറ്റിയുള്ള പുസ്തകങ്ങള്‍ ഒരുപക്ഷേ മുമ്പേ മലയാളത്തില്‍ ഉണ്ടായിട്ടുണ്ടാകാം. എന്നാല്‍ പരിണാമശാസ്ത്രത്തിന്റെ അടിസ്ഥാനവും തെളിവുകളും പ്രസക്തിയും പ്രതിപാദിക്കുന്ന ഇതുപോലൊന്ന് ഞാന്‍ വായിച്ചിട്ടില്ല. പ്രപഞ്ചത്തിന്റെ ഉല്‍പ്പത്തി മുതല്‍ ഡിഎന്‍എ വരെ, എന്താണ് ജീവന്‍ എന്ന ചോദ്യം മുതല്‍ മനുഷ്യന്റെ ജനനംവരെ വളരെ ലളിതമായ ഭാഷയില്‍ ഈ പുസ്തകം പറഞ്ഞുതരുന്നു. ശാസ്ത്രത്തില്‍ അറിവില്ലാത്തവര്‍ക്കും, അറിവ് വേണമെന്ന് ആഗ്രഹിക്കുന്നവര്‍ക്കും വേണ്ടി വേണ്ടത്ര റഫറന്‍സുകള്‍ കൊടുത്ത് വളരെ ആധികാരികതയോടെ എഴുതിയ ഒന്നാണിത്. — ഡോ. മുരളി തുമ്മാരുകുടി

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Daughter. Duhitár-. Dustr. Dukte. Listen to these English, Sanskrit, Armenian and Lithuanian words, all meaning the same thing, and you hear echoes of one of history’s most unlikely journeys. All four languages—along with hundreds of others, from French and Gaelic, to Persian and Polish—trace their origins to an ancient tongue spoken as the last ice age receded. This language, which we call Proto-Indo-European, was born between Europe and Asia and exploded out of its cradle, fragmenting as it spread east and west.

Humans are the only species who can reprogram themselves. This is astounding. In episode 8 of The Book Club, Amit Varma recommends you read 'Hacking Darwin' by Jamie Metzl, a lucid summation of the technological implications of genetic science – and the ethical questions they raise.

Paleoanthropologist Silvana Condemi and science journalist François Savatier tell the Denisovans’ story in The Secret World of Denisovans. Leading us through the excavation of Denisova cave, the sequencing of the Denisovan genome, and recent research on Denisovan fossils, Condemi and Savatier uncover how the Denisovans migrated to Asia, who they interacted with along the way, and why traces of Denisovan DNA can be found in modern-day humans.

"Guerras CRISPR: Cómo la Edición Genética Revolucionará la Guerra" es una obra de no ficción que explora el asombroso y aterrador potencial de la tecnología CRISPR en el campo de batalla. A través de un análisis detallado, el libro examina cómo la manipulación genética puede dar lugar a soldados mejorados, capaces de hazañas físicas y cognitivas que antes eran imposibles. Además de los avances científicos, se abordan los dilemas éticos, el impacto estratégico en los conflictos militares y las consecuencias globales.

Despite efforts to sustain civilization, humanity faces existential threats from overpopulation, globalized trade and travel, urbanization, and global climate change. In A Darwinian Survival Guide, Daniel Brooks and Salvatore Agosta offer a novel—and hopeful—perspective on how to meet these tremendous challenges by changing the discourse from sustainability to survival. Darwinian evolution, the world’s only theory of survival, is the means by which the biosphere has persisted and renewed itself following past environmental perturbations, and it has never failed, they explain.

Phase III of DNA Consultants' Cherokee DNA Studies adds more than 50 new participants to what has become a classic project. They'd all been told there was no way they could be Indian given their DNA haplotype or mother's direct line.

Nature is rife with cheating. Possums play possum, feigning death to cheat predators. Crows cry wolf to scare off rivals. Amphibians and reptiles are inveterate impostors. Even genes and cells cheat. The Liars of Nature and the Nature of Liars explores the evolution of cheating in the natural world, revealing how dishonesty has given rise to wondrous diversity.

In this book, evolutionary psychologist Dennis Krebs explains how virtuous behaviors such as altruism, justice, honesty, loyalty, self-control, purity, and respect for authority, have evolved in humans and other species. He argues that the key to solving puzzles of morality—such as what it is, how we acquire moral traits, why we sometimes behave badly, and how we make moral decisions—lies in figuring out what adaptive functions moral traits served in early human environments and how they are influenced by social learning, culture, and strategic social interactions in the modern world.