検索キーワード： 生物学

Quando e dove è iniziata la vita? E a cosa somigliavano le prime forme di vita? Interrogativi che l'uomo si pone da sempre, per i quali, pur in mancanza di risposte definitive, si possono avanzare alcune ipotesi. Come quella che colloca l'origine della vita intorno a 3,8 miliardi di anni fa, in un contesto riconducibile a uno di questi ambienti: brodo primordiale, campi geotermali, siti di impatto meteoritico. Certo è che le tessere del più grande e affascinante dei puzzle restano RNA, amminoacidi, protogeni, protocellule.

La storia del nostro pianeta è inscindibilmente legata alla storia della vita sulla terra e alla sua straordinaria varietà. Senza la biodiversità la vita scomparirebbe. Nell'immensa comunità naturale di cui facciamo parte essa infatti consente a tutti i suoi componenti di modificarsi moltiplicando le strategie di sopravvivenza per adattarsi alla mutevolezza dei contesti. L'autore analizza dapprima strutture e funzioni della biodiversità - a tutti i livelli della biosfera tra loro interconnessi e complementari - dalle molecole agli organismi, alle specie, agli ecosistemi.

Da sempre l'uomo ha selezionato piante, animali, microrganismi per soddisfare i suoi bisogni. Oggi le biotecnologie avanzate permettono di trasferire geni fra organismi che non è possibile incrociare naturalmente, ma con effetti altamente imprevedibili. Il volume, ripresentato in edizione aggiornata, muove da una descrizione dei meccanismi che regolano il delicato equilibrio alla base della vita e spiega perché occorre essere cauti quando lo si modifica drasticamente.

Siamo abituati a concepire la Storia come il susseguirsi sanguinoso di imperi e dinastie. Ma il cammino dell'uomo può essere studiato anche in ambiti specifici del suo ingegno - nell'arte, nella filosofia o nelle scienze. Questo audiolibro propone una chiave molto stimolante attraverso cui "ricapitolare" la storia dell'umanità: quella che vede l'essenza del nostro genere nell'"essere artefice". Perché, a pensarci bene, dietro ogni passo dell'uomo c'è sempre un'invenzione o un manufatto che ha avuto nei secoli imprevedibili sviluppi.

Die Naturkunden widmen sich diesmal zwei vermeintlich vertrauten Tieren: Der Fuchs, seit den antiken Fabeln Sinnbild des listigen Zeitgenossen, hat sich inzwischen zum Sympathieträger des Tierreichs gewandelt. Katrin Schumacher macht sich in ihrem persönlichen Tierportrait auf einen natur- und kulturgeschichtlichen Beutezug durch Hühnerställe, Kinderbücher und Pelzgerbereien bis hinein in die städtischen Mülltonnen.

Die Naturkunden widmen sich diesmal zwei vermeintlich vertrauten Tieren: So erzählt Jutta Person die schillernde Kultur- und Naturgeschichte der Esel. Kenntnisreich und unterhaltsam zeigt sie, wie das Grautier es immer wieder schafft, seinen Ruf als "dummen Esel" zu widerlegen.

Comment à partir d'une toute petite cellule unique, est-il possible d'obtenir un organisme aussi complexe que celui d'un être vivant ? Par quel phénomène fascinant passe-t-on de l'embryon à l'Homme ? Ce sont ces interrogations qui ont accompagnées Nicole Le Douarin tout au long de son parcours scientifique. Cette grande biologiste française s'est notamment distinguée par ses travaux sur les chimères, ces êtres hybrides qu'elle a elle-même conçus en injectant des cellules de caille dans un embryon de poulet.

"L'expression des émotions" publié en 1872, est un livre sur la façon dont les animaux et les humains expriment et signalent aux autres leurs émotions. Dans ce document, Darwin s’interroge sur les origines de la gestuelle et des expressions faciales chez l'homme et les animaux en utilisant sa théorie de l'évolution des espèces par la sélection naturelle. Darwin souligne la nature universelle des expressions faciales.

Extrêmement complexe, notre cerveau livre peu à peu ses mystères grâce aux recherches récentes. On connaît mieux aujourd'hui l'ensemble du système nerveux, la structure du cerveau, les éléments qui le composent, et, contrairement aux idées reçues, ses indéniables capacités d'évolution, voire de régénération. Grand régulateur des fonctions vitales (respiration ou sommeil), siège des fonctions évoluées (langage ou pensée), le cerveau peut être victime de dérèglements dramatiques.

**The instant New York Times bestseller.** *An international bestseller.* Finalist for the Lane Anderson Award Finalist for the RBC Taylor Award “Hugely impressive, a major work.”—NPR A pioneering and groundbreaking work of narrative nonfiction that offers a dramatic new perspective on the...

A grieving widow discovers a most unexpected form of healing—hunting for mushrooms. “Moving . . . Long tells the story of finding hope after despair lightly and artfully, with self-effacement and so much gentle good nature.”—The New York Times Long Litt Woon met Eiolf a month after...

"Ants are the most warlike of all animals, with colony pitted against colony.... Their clashes dwarf Waterloo and Gettysburg", writes Edward O. Wilson in his most finely observed work in decades. In a myrmecological tour to such far-flung destinations as Mozambique and New Guinea, the Gulf of Mexico's Dauphin Island and even his parents' overgrown yard back in Alabama, Wilson thrillingly evokes his nine-decade-long scientific obsession with more than 15,000 ant species.

Nano Comes to Life opens a window onto the nanoscale - the infinitesimal realm of proteins and DNA where physics and cellular and molecular biology meet - and introduces listeners to the rapidly evolving nanotechnologies that are allowing us to manipulate the very building blocks of life. Sonia Contera gives an insider's perspective on this new frontier, revealing how nanotechnology enables a new kind of multidisciplinary science that is poised to give us control over our own biology, our health, and our lives.

How four tools enabled humanity to control its destiny What enabled us to go from simple stone tools to smartphones? How did bands of hunter-gatherers evolve into multinational empires? Listeners of Sapiens will say a cognitive revolution - a dramatic evolutionary change that altered our brains, turning primitive humans into modern ones - caused a cultural explosion. In Transcendence, Gaia Vince argues instead that modern humans are the product of a nuanced coevolution of our genes, environment, and culture that goes back into deep time.

We have lost the war on cancer. We spend $150 billion each year treating it, yet - a few innovations notwithstanding - a patient with cancer is as likely to die of it as one was 50 years ago. Most new drugs add mere months to one's life at agonizing physical and financial cost. In The First Cell, Azra Raza offers a searing account of how both medicine and our society (mis)treats cancer, how we can do better, and why we must.

In The Marsh Builders, Sharon Levy delves into the intertwined histories of wetlands loss and water pollution. The book's springboard is the tale of a years-long citizen uprising in Humboldt County, California, which led to the creation of one of the first US wetlands designed to treat city sewage. The book explores the global roots of this local story: the cholera epidemics that plagued 19th-century Europe; the researchers who invented modern sewage treatment after bumbling across the insight that microbes break down pollutants in water; and more.

In The Rise of Yeast, Nicholas P. Money argues that we cannot ascribe too much importance to yeast, and that its discovery and controlled use profoundly altered human history. Humans knew what yeast did long before they knew what it was. It was not until Louis Pasteur's experiments in the 1860s that scientists even acknowledged its classification as a fungus. A compelling blend of science, history, and sociology, The Rise of Yeast explores the rich, strange, and utterly symbiotic relationship between people and yeast.

This Very Short Introduction uncovers the history of our understanding of sexual selection, from Darwin's key insights to the modern day. Considering the investment animals place on reproduction, variation in mating systems, sexual conflict, and the origin of sexual dimorphism, authors Marlene Zuk and Leigh Simmons discuss questions such as whether females can really choose between males on aesthetic grounds and how sexual conflict is resolved in different species.

In Best of the Brain, top neuroscientist Floyd E. Bloom has selected the most fascinating brain-related articles from Scientific American and Scientific American Mind since 1999. Bloom garnishes the impressive lineup with his own introduction. The articles are grouped in three sections: "Mind", "Matter", and "Tomorrow's Brain".

Understanding the Cell is a college introductory-level audiobook in a conversational manner. Within each section key words and concepts are introduced, discussed, and then reviewed. The audio format allows students to make the most of their time by giving them the freedom to study by listening.

While cells are commonly considered the building block of living things, it is actually the communication between cells that brings us to life, controlling our bodies and brains, determining whether we are healthy or sick, and directly influencing how we think, feel, and behave. In The Secret Language of Cells, doctor and neuroscientist Jon Lieff lets us listen in on these conversations, and reveals their significance for everything from mental health to cancer.

Popular science master Brian Clegg’s new book is an entertaining tour through the science of what makes you you. From the atomic level, through life and energy to genetics and personality, it explores how the billions of particles which make up you - your DNA, your skin, your memories - have come to be.

From the New York Times bestselling author of The Lion in the Living Room comes a fascinating and provocative exploration of the biology of motherhood that “is witty, reassuring, and takes motherhood out of the footnotes and places it front and center—where it belongs” (Louann Brizendine...

Winner of the 2021 Andrew Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Nonfiction * Finalist for the 2020 Kirkus Prize for Nonfiction * Finalist for the PEN/E.O. Wilson Literary Science Writing Award A “delving, haunted, and poetic debut” (The New York Times Book Review) about the awe-inspiring lives of...

A “beautifully written” (Kirkus Reviews, starred review) memoir-manifesto from the first female director of the National Science Foundation about the entrenched sexism in science, the elaborate detours women have take to bypass the problem, and how to fix the system. If you think sexism...

Brilliant and entertaining mathematician Kit Yates illuminates seven mathematical concepts that shape our daily lives. From birthdays to birth rates to how we perceive the passing of time, mathematical patterns shape our lives. But for those of us who left math behind in high school, the numbers...

In Light to Life, biologist Raffael Jovine takes us on a journey of discovery into the intricate, beautiful and often surprising processes that convert energy from the sun into life and how all-important these are to our survival. Despite the unprecedented challenges the Earth faces from global warming, habitat loss, air pollution and population growth; Jovine shows us that there is hope to be found. Photosynthesis is the very source of life: it has the power not just to produce food, but to reshape continents, drive biogeochemical cycles, stabilise the climate and regulate weather.

It has been remarked that if the brain were so simple we could understand it, we would be so simple we couldn’t. Commencing with a brief history of neuroscience, from the ancient practice of drilling holes in the head to relieve headaches to the latest results from MRI and CT scans, this accessible guide sets out to explore exactly what we do know about the brain. Including the most up-to-date research on the cerebral processes, this entertaining introduction assumes no previous scientific knowledge.

Dame Sue Black is an internationally renowned forensic anthropologist and human anatomist. She has lived her life eye to eye with the Grim Reaper, and she writes vividly about it in this book, which is part primer on the basics of identifying human remains, part frank memoir of a woman whose first paying job as a schoolgirl was to apprentice in a butcher shop, and part no-nonsense but deeply humane introduction to the reality of death in our lives. It is a treat for CSI junkies, murder mystery and thriller fans, and anyone seeking a clear-eyed guide to a subject that touches us all.

The world's largest land mammal could help us end cancer. The fastest bird is showing us how to solve a century-old engineering mystery. The oldest tree is giving us insights into climate change. The loudest whale is offering clues about the impact of solar storms. For a long time, scientists ignored superlative life forms as outliers. Increasingly, though, researchers are coming to see great value in studying plants and animals that exist on the outermost edges of the bell curve.