検索キーワード： 歴史・哲学

Collections of preserved plant specimens, known as herbaria, have existed for nearly five centuries. These pressed and labeled plants have been essential resources for scientists, allowing them to describe and differentiate species and to document and research plant changes and biodiversity over time—including changes related to climate. Maura C. Flannery tells the history of herbaria, from the earliest collections belonging to such advocates of the technique as sixteenth-century botanist Luca Ghini, to the collections of poets, politicians, and painters, and to the digitization today.

In The Secrets of Alchemy, Lawrence M. Principe, one of the world's leading authorities on the subject, brings alchemy out of the shadows and restores it to its important place in human history and culture. By surveying what alchemy was and how it began, developed, and overlapped with a range of ideas and pursuits, Principe illuminates the practice. He vividly depicts the place of alchemy during its heyday in early modern Europe, and then explores how alchemy has fit into wider views of the cosmos and humanity.

This audio edition is narrated with dazzling enthusiasm by the author, Dr Becky Smethurst. Right now, you are orbiting a black hole. The Earth orbits the Sun, and the Sun orbits the centre of the Milky Way: a supermassive black hole, the strangest and most misunderstood phenomenon in the galaxy...

Author of the New York Times best seller The Beginning of Infinity, David Deutsch, explores the four most fundamental strands of human knowledge: quantum physics, and the theories of knowledge, computation, and evolution - and their unexpected connections. Taken together, these four strands reveal a deeply integrated, rational, and optimistic worldview. It describes a unified fabric of reality that is objective and comprehensible, in which human action and thought are central.

The cells in our bodies consist of molecules, made up of the same carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen atoms found in air and rocks. But molecules, such as water and sugar, are not alive. So how do our cells - assemblies of otherwise "dead" molecules - come to life, and together constitute a living being? In Life’s Ratchet, physicist Peter M. Hoffmann locates the answer to this age-old question at the nanoscale.

By identifying the structure of DNA, the molecule of life, Francis Crick and James Watson revolutionized biochemistry and won themselves a Nobel Prize. At the time, Watson was only 24, a young scientist hungry to make his mark. His uncompromisingly honest account of the heady days of their thrilling sprint against other world-class researchers to solve one of science's greatest mysteries gives a dazzlingly clear picture of a world of brilliant scientists with great gifts, very human ambitions, and bitter rivalries.

Philosopher Peter Godfrey-Smith dons a wet suit and journeys into the depths of consciousness in Other Minds Although mammals and birds are widely regarded as the smartest creatures on earth, it has lately become clear that a very distant branch of the tree of life has also sprouted higher...

Brought to you by Penguin. Is flying dangerous? How much do the world's cows weigh? And what makes people happy? From earth's nations and inhabitants, through the fuels and foods that energize them, to the transportation and inventions of our modern world - and how all of this affects the planet...

Discover how Galileo worked out his scientific theories of motion and inertia, why Isaac Newton gets the credit for them, and what the discovery of DNA meant. All the big scientific ideas are brought to life with pithy quotes and step-by-step 'mind maps' - from evolution and continental drift to black holes and genetic engineering, showing how the ideas of famous scientists have affected our understanding of the world.

Leading-edge empirical observations are increasingly difficult to reconcile with "scientific" materialism, with analytic idealism—the notion that reality, while equally amenable to scientific inquiry, is fundamentally mental—a leading contender to replace it. In this book, the broad body of empirical evidence and reasoning in favor of analytic idealism is reviewed in an accessible manner. The resulting argument anticipates a historically imminent transition to a scientific worldview that regards mind, not matter, as the ground of all reality.

History is not a prerogative of the human species, Edward O. Wilson declares in Half-Earth, a brave work that becomes a radical redefinition of human history. Demonstrating that we blindly ignore the histories of millions of other species, Wilson warns of a point of no return that is imminent.

The solar system most of us grew up with included nine planets, with Mercury closest to the sun and Pluto at the outer edge. Then, in 2005, astronomer Mike Brown made the discovery of a lifetime: a tenth planet, Eris, slightly bigger than Pluto. But instead of its resulting in one more planet...

This audiobook is narrated by an AI Voice. Imagina una IA que diagnostica cáncer antes de que un médico pueda hacerlo. Salva vidas. Pero en ese mismo momento, otra IA decide qué noticias ves – y cuáles no. ¿Eso es progreso? ¿O control? Un algoritmo que, como un director de orquesta...

This audiobook is narrated by an AI Voice. SOUL MECHANICS is a contemplative cosmology that begins with a single crack in the physical world: the one thing science has never explained — why there is any experience at all — and follows that crack all the way down. Across thirteen chapters, it...

How AI is transforming the lives of billions of animals—and what we can do about it. Like it or not, AI is rapidly reshaping human life. But what does it mean for other species? In AI, Animals, and Us, researcher Max Taylor explores the surprising world of whale translators, robot dogs...

L'odissea nera di John von Neumann, l'uomo che disegnò la mappa infernale del mondo che oggi abitiamo, nel nuovo straordinario libro di Benjamín Labatut. Quando alla fine della seconda guerra mondiale John von Neumann concepisce il MANIAC – un calcolatore universale che doveva, nelle intenzioni del suo creatore, «afferrare la scienza alla gola scatenando un potere di calcolo illimitato» –, sono in pochi a rendersi conto che il mondo sta per cambiare per sempre.

Der Energiesektor steckt inmitten einer industriellen Revolution. So wie die Dampfmaschine die Pferdekraft verdrängt hat, das Auto die Kutsche oder das Smartphone das Handy, stellen heute erneuerbare Energien, Batteriespeicher und Elektroautos weltweit die Märkte auf den Kopf. Aber warum findet diese Revolution statt – und wird sie erfolgreich sein?

Endlessly captivating and intensely thoughtful, in The World as I See It Einstein reveals profound meditations on religion, nationalism, politics and, of course, life itself. He discusses his upbringing in Germany, as well as his concerns about the rife anti-Semitism in the country, and what he hopes the League of Nations will do to address it.

Falecido no Rio de Janeiro em 1917, o filósofo cearense Farias Brito é reconhecido no Brasil e no exterior pela excelência de sua obra. Extraídos do livro "A base física do espírito", os textos aqui reunidos abordam o papel dos filósofos Tetens, Weber e Fechner para o desenvolvimento da escola experimental de Psicologia.

Four thousand years ago, someone in Mohenjo-Daro carved a tiny stone seal. On it: a unicorn with muscles so finely rendered you can count the tendons, and above it, a string of mysterious signs that no one has been able to read since the city fell silent. That seal survived earthquakes, floods, and the full weight of four millennia. It looks like it was made yesterday morning. For a century, scholars tried to crack the Indus script the way you crack a code—by finding the language hidden inside. They all failed. Every last one.