検索キーワード： 理論

The classical era in the history of economics is an important part of the history of ideas in general, and its implications reach beyond the bounds of the economics profession. On Classical Economics is a book from which students can learn both history and economics. It is not simply a Cook’s tour of colorful personalities of the past but a study of how certain economic concepts and tools of analysis arose, and how their implications were revealed during the controversies that followed.

Say's Law—the idea that "supply creates its own demand"—has been a basic concept in economics for almost two centuries. Thomas Sowell traces its evolution as it emerged from successive controversies, particularly two of the most bitter and long lasting in the history of the discipline, the "general glut controversy" that reached a peak in the 1820s, and the Keynesian Revolution of the 1930s.

This is a reference academic work dedicated to the critical analysis of consumerism as a historical, economic, and cultural phenomenon. With an interdisciplinary approach and theoretical rigor, the book investigates the deep roots and structural mechanisms that have transformed consumption into a central pillar of contemporary capitalist societies.

La Riqueza de las Naciones es un tratado extenso sobre cómo se produce, distribuye y acumula la riqueza en una sociedad. Adam Smith examina los principios del trabajo, el comercio, los impuestos y el papel del Estado. Propone que la búsqueda individual del beneficio propio, guiada por principios de libertad y competencia, puede generar bienestar colectivo.

When criminal justice expert Jennifer Doleac thinks about reform, she’s not just hopeful, she’s optimistic that second chances are possible—for the justice-involved population and the system as a whole. In The Science of Second Chances, she reveals her powerful approach to reducing crime and incarceration. Drawing on cutting-edge economic research and real-world experiments, the book presents a blueprint for reform that runs all the way through the system.

We tried to warn you! The 2008 economic collapse proved how resilient and dangerous affluenza can be. Now in its third edition, this book can safely be called prophetic in showing how problems ranging from loneliness, endless working hours, and family conflict to rising debt, environmental pollution, and rampant commercialism are all symptoms of this global plague.

This work offers a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the main concepts, theories, and policies that shape the global economy. Structured in six parts, it explores from the fundamentals of macroeconomics to advanced topics such as secular stagnation, financial crises, and the challenges of contemporary economic policies.

Democracy has been hollowed out by capitalism. A narrow view of markets and their aims now dominates thinking about democracy itself. Citizens are ignorant of the deep principles of self-governance, having long since adopted a facile equation between democracy and voting as a consumer choice. Lisa Herzog argues that democracy is still possible, but only if democratic values get embedded in everyday experience―including economic experience. That requires new ways of thinking about markets and their goals.

Dieses Buch erzählt eine große Geschichte, die Jahrtausende alte Geschichte der Wirtschaft. Vom Beginn der landwirtschaftlichen Revolution bis zur Digitalisierung deckt es die verborgenen wirtschaftlichen Kräfte hinter Krieg, Innovation und sozialem Wandel auf. Es zeichnet nach, wie der Kapitalismus und das heutige Marktsystem entstanden sind, und stellt die wichtigsten Ideen und Menschen vor, die die Wirtschaft für immer geprägt haben.

Here we find the roots of growing public resentment. Despite headlines heralding growth and prosperity, most Americans have fallen behind. They’re working harder year upon year not to get ahead but merely to stay apace. For them, the American dream appears to be slipping farther and farther away. Beneath the resentment is something else: The misleading statistics that shape our understanding of reality are steering powerful policymakers to make misguided decisions at the federal, state, and local levels alike. And, for most Americans, the results continue to be catastrophic.

En este breve ensayo, ¿Qué es el Dinero?, Tolstói analiza el dinero no solo como herramienta económica, sino como símbolo de poder y desigualdad. Sostiene que el dinero permite a unos pocos vivir a expensas del trabajo de muchos, y que su acumulación casi siempre implica injusticia. Para él, el sistema económico moderno es inmoral porque legitima la explotación y aleja al ser humano de una vida sencilla y justa.

How do we stay safe? Should we? What if our attempts are exposing us even more to the very risks we are avoiding? Would acceptance of danger make us more secure? Is there such a thing as foolproof? In Foolproof, Greg Ip presents a macro theory of human nature and disaster that explains how we can keep ourselves safe in our increasingly dangerous world.

In a world where wealth and power are increasingly concentrated in the hands of a few, Who Controls the Money delves into the generational divide that shapes our economic reality. From the Baby Boomers who built their fortunes in an era of prosperity to the Millennials and Gen Z struggling under the weight of student debt, stagnant wages, and unaffordable housing, this book uncovers the systemic forces that keep wealth and power in the hands of the elite.

A stimulating and inviting tour of modern economics centered on the story of one of its most important breakthroughs. In 1980, the twenty-four-year-old graduate student Paul Romer tackled one of the oldest puzzles in economics. Eight years later he solved it.

Joseph E. Stiglitz has had a remarkable career. What brought him to economics were his concerns about the inequality and discrimination he saw growing up. Wanting to understand what drives it and what can be done about it has been his lifelong passion. This book gathers together and extends to new frontiers this lifelong work, drawing upon the challenges and insights of each of these phases of his career.

In the original 1992 version of The Winner’s Curse, Richard Thaler introduced readers to behavioral economics, challenging the notion of traditional economics that people are selfish, rational optimizers and behave accordingly every time. Three decades later, Thaler has teamed up with economist Alex Imas to provide fresh insights in this fully updated edition. They revisit Thaler’s original columns on economic anomalies, some written with collaborators like Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky, and explore how these anomalies hold up today.

No single individual is ever the sole founder of any major stance in political philosophy. Nevertheless, if one were forced to name the founder of the classical liberal perspective in political thought which holds as its primary political principle that individual liberty is to be respected and protected, one would have to point to the English philosopher John Locke.

The political ideas that fully came together under the name “liberal” in the early 19th century—the ideas we often now refer to as “classical liberalism”—emerged out of major debates and developments from the late 1600s to the late 1700s. These were part of the broad European intellectual movement of that era that came to be known as “the Enlightenment".

Inventing the Future is a bold new manifesto for life after capitalism. Against the confused understanding of our high-tech world by both the right and the left, this book claims that the emancipatory and future-oriented possibilities of our society can be reclaimed. Instead of running from a complex future, Nick Srnicek and Alex Williams demand a postcapitalist economy capable of advancing standards, liberating humanity from work and developing technologies that expand our freedoms.

Any group of people expected to work synergistically needs a system that structures their interactions. That system is “governance.” The Pragmatist’s Guide to Governance takes a first principles approach to exploring the ways governance structures affect the humans living under them (and vice versa), with a special focus on how human psychology interacts with the structures that facilitate our interaction with other people.

The UCLA tradition carries on in the work of dozens of economists who earned their PhDs at UCLA during its golden years. Because their work spread beyond UCLA, the tradition lives on in the work of scores of economists who had no formal connection with the school.

Adam Smith (1723–1790) is widely hailed as the founding father of the discipline now known as economics, and he is widely credited as the founding father of what is now known as capitalism. Smith’s 1776 book, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, is often cited as the beginning of both economics and capitalism, and its influence since its publication ranks it among the most important works of the last millennium.

Buchanan believed deeply that each individual is morally equal to every other individual. Because no person is superior, ethically speaking, to any other person, no person’s opinions or preferences should be given special advantage over those of other persons. He believed that this conclusion holds fast despite the undeniable fact that some individuals are smarter, better educated, wealthier, or higher-born than others.

When economists are called “influential,” it usually means they’ve changed the way other economists think. By that standard, Milton Friedman was one of the most influential economists of all time.

David Hume (1711–1776) is a towering and intriguing figure. He was the preeminent philosopher in what is now called the Scottish Enlightenment, a time that was “crowded with genius” and in a place regarded as the rebirth of the golden era of Athens. His writing displayed an astonishing range, addressing everything from metaphysics to politics, and in subject after subject, he produced fresh, novel, and brilliant insights.

The purpose of this audiobook is to present an overview of the key tenets of Austrian economics by synthesizing the insights from these thinkers in a set of eight topics that capture the core elements of Austrian economics.

Bien que de nombreux penseurs se soient penchés sur la question de la valeur, il n'existe pas de somme exhaustive ni accessible à ce sujet. Pour remédier à cela, David Graeber nous invite à analyser la valeur dans ses différentes acceptions (sociologique, économique et linguistique) et à explorer les théories de l'échange au prisme de sa discipline, l'anthropologie, tout en convoquant les autres sciences sociales pour en amplifier la portée.

Our current democratic capitalist system is close to imploding. This book is the first to reveal the secret financial system dominating capitalism today and shows how we can create accountability to restore our democracy.

Mazzucato and Collington expertly debunk the myth that consultancies always add value to the economy. With a wealth of original research, they argue brilliantly for investment and collective intelligence within all organizations and communities, and for a new system in which public and private sectors work innovatively for the common good. We must recalibrate the role of consultants and rebuild economies and governments that are fit for purpose.

Gazprom, Google und der Fluch der Abhängigkeit: Warum Monopole so gefährlich sind. Gazprom, Google, Blackrock, USA, China und Russland: Konzerne und Staaten mit übergroßer Marktmacht greifen tief in unser Leben ein. Der Monopolismus mit seiner Herrschaft über Rohstoffe und Kapital, Energie, Nahrungsmittel und Daten droht den Wettbewerb abzuschaffen. Die Folgen sind weniger Innovation, höhere Preise, aber vor allem wirtschaftliche und politische Abhängigkeiten.