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Aristotle’s influence on western philosophy is immense. In this work, he claimed that everything that is learned in life is learned through sensory perception. He was also the first philosopher to establish the foundational principles of logic.

Aristotle’s writings cover many subjects, including aesthetics, biology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, poetry, theater, music, rhetoric, linguistics, politics and government. They constitute the first comprehensive system of Western philosophy. "On Sleep and Sleeplessness" attempts to explain the reasons for sleeping. He argues that sleep and wakefulness are both affections of the activity of the primary faculty of sense-perception.

"Manifesto of the Communist Party" is an 1848 political pamphlet by the Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. It presents an analytical approach to the class struggle and the conflicts of capitalism and the capitalist mode of production.

James Wilson (1742-1798) was one of the founding fathers of the US and a signatory of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. A leading legal theorist, he was one of the six original justices appointed to the Supreme Court. In this work, he argues that man does not exist for the sake of government but that government exists for the sake of man.

Published in 1791, Thomas Paine’s The Rights of Man defended the French Revolution’s values of freedom, equality, and brotherhood. He argued that a government based on justice ought to support mankind’s civil rights relating to security and protection, as well as the natural rights to life, liberty, and freedom of conscience. He also proposed plans for universal education, pensions, poverty relief, and social welfare in this classic work that was widely read across the West.

The City of the Sun, published in Italian in 1602 as La città del sole, is a philosophical work by the Dominican philosopher Tommaso Campanella. It is an important utopian work, was inspired by Plato's Republic, and describes a theocratic society where goods, women, and children are held in common.

As a journalist in Australia, Annie Osborn edited the woman's pages of The Age and The Leader: a weekly journal of news, politics, literature, and art in Melbourne. She also wrote regularly for the Presbyterian journal, The Messenger, and for the Australian Christian World. Her political pamphlet "Women and the State" was published in 1919.

Emma Goldman (1869-1940) was an anarchist political activist and writer. Here she discusses, inter alia, the split in the revolutionary movement between Bakunin and the Marxists. She recounts her experiences of the Anarchist Congress in Paris in 1900 and in Amsterdam in 1907.

Emma Goldman outlines her beliefs on property, the church, love and marriage, and violence. She states that students of the history of progressive thought are well aware that every idea in its early stages has been misrepresented and that the adherents of such ideas have been maligned and persecuted. In conclusion, Goldman claims that only anarchism makes nonauthoritarian organization a reality, since it abolishes the existing antagonism between individuals and classes.

Mark Twain relates how he broke the news when he was still unknown. He was in Honolulu when the survivors from the harrowing open sea voyage of the clipper-ship Hornet arrive. He stayed up late to get the accounts of the sailors’ trials, writes through the night and relays a detailed account when the other reporters only had an outline report.

Henry George’s words as delivered in 1872 are still hauntingly true to this day. The capitalist society, George states, has two very distinct faces. On the one hand, it openly shares its growth and unyielding optimism for the future, but underneath it hides a society of great distress amongst workers and a failing of the industrial system.

This rather incoherent work by Russian anarchist philosopher Michael Bakunin is described in a way that he described his own life: a fragment. Rife with criticisms on Christianity and the technocracy, Bakunin presses communist values without fear of bordering extremism. Listening to this work is like walking through Bakunin’s disjointed mind; often cutting off and starting mid-sentence, including footnotes several paragraphs long as if his thoughts suddenly start to wander, as well as ending rather abruptly mid-sentence.