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The City of the Sun, published in Italian in 1602 as La città del sole, is a philosophical work by the Dominican philosopher Tommaso Campanella. It is an important utopian work, was inspired by Plato's Republic, and describes a theocratic society where goods, women, and children are held in common.

As a journalist in Australia, Annie Osborn edited the woman's pages of The Age and The Leader: a weekly journal of news, politics, literature, and art in Melbourne. She also wrote regularly for the Presbyterian journal, The Messenger, and for the Australian Christian World. Her political pamphlet "Women and the State" was published in 1919.

American Nobel Peace Prize winner, philosopher, sociologist, and suffragette Jane Addams is known as the "mother" of social work. Her writing as well as her activism laid the foundation for many of the positive social services and theories we take for granted. In "The Subjective Necessity of Social Settlements", first published in 1892, she discusses in a compelling and fair-minded way the case for settlement living, living and working amongst those who need help most. As with all other Addams’ work, the emotional is inexorably tied to the logical and factual.

A Brief Account of the Destruction of the Indies is an account written in 1542 by the Spanish Dominican friar Bartolomé de las Casas (1484-1566). He chronicles the first decades of the colonization of the West Indies, exposing the atrocities committed against the indigenous people. Dedicated to Prince Philip II of Spain to alert him of these atrocities, the work reveals mass slaughter, torture and slavery, showing that the evangelizing vision of Columbus had descended into genocide.

Emma Goldman (1869-1940) was an anarchist political activist and writer. Here she discusses, inter alia, the split in the revolutionary movement between Bakunin and the Marxists. She recounts her experiences of the Anarchist Congress in Paris in 1900 and in Amsterdam in 1907.

Emma Goldman outlines her beliefs on property, the church, love and marriage, and violence. She states that students of the history of progressive thought are well aware that every idea in its early stages has been misrepresented and that the adherents of such ideas have been maligned and persecuted. In conclusion, Goldman claims that only anarchism makes nonauthoritarian organization a reality, since it abolishes the existing antagonism between individuals and classes.

Edward Bellamy was an American socialist and author who had a penchant for utopian thinking and a passion for discussing a better world and the way in which can build one. Nowhere in Bellamy’s work is this more evident that in The New Nation. First published in 1981, The New Nation is an inspiring and beautifully crafted piece of writing that is at one political and emotionally driven. Bellamy writes of the sheer necessity to build a new nation or remodel the old one in a completely new way for the benefit of the people.

Eduard Bernstein was a social-democratic politician and Marxist theorist. He had a deep knowledge of all of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels’ work, but was also willing to criticize certain aspects of their political theories and generate counter theories and solutions. In What Marx Really Taught, a short letter penned by Bernstein in 1897, he discusses indeed how valuable Engels was in terms of the creation of the Marxist idea, but also discussed mistakes made by both he and Marx, in their later publications.

Mark Twain relates how he broke the news when he was still unknown. He was in Honolulu when the survivors from the harrowing open sea voyage of the clipper-ship Hornet arrive. He stayed up late to get the accounts of the sailors’ trials, writes through the night and relays a detailed account when the other reporters only had an outline report.

Booker T. Washington’s 1901 autobiography can be read as a redemption story echoing many similar voices of its time. Starting from the humiliation he experienced as a slave, he ponders the meaning of identity in a situation that seeks to dehumanize. He furthers his story by expanding on his difficulties in obtaining an education and the need for change in our minds as well as societal structures.

Henry George’s words as delivered in 1872 are still hauntingly true to this day. The capitalist society, George states, has two very distinct faces. On the one hand, it openly shares its growth and unyielding optimism for the future, but underneath it hides a society of great distress amongst workers and a failing of the industrial system.

As a foremost historian of his time, Samuel Rawson Gardiner’s evaluation of Oliver Cromwell has generally been perceived as a work of great significance. Gardiner applies his highly credited critical eye to one of England’s great military and political leaders. Cromwell rose to power during a time of turbulence and civil distress during which he was admired for certain attributes, yet distrusted for others, including his loyalties to Puritanism.

Self-taught slave and underground railroad worker James Williams' memoir of his escape, time during the Gold Rush, and observations of the world around him. He starts with his birth and then escape - feeling the pull of the California Gold Rush. In these few pages, James gives a fascinating account of the people he met and events he witnessed.

This rather incoherent work by Russian anarchist philosopher Michael Bakunin is described in a way that he described his own life: a fragment. Rife with criticisms on Christianity and the technocracy, Bakunin presses communist values without fear of bordering extremism. Listening to this work is like walking through Bakunin’s disjointed mind; often cutting off and starting mid-sentence, including footnotes several paragraphs long as if his thoughts suddenly start to wander, as well as ending rather abruptly mid-sentence.

Alcibiades was brilliant beyond his time and ambitious beyond his own safety. Was he traitor or true patriot? Even his own historian was not sure.

The tumultuous time that followed Nero’s suicide is known as The Year of the Four Emperors. In rapid succession, the Roman empire was ruled briefly by Galba, Otho, and Vitellius. Vespasian was a military commander, and with the help of his loyal soldiers and military allies, he defeated Vitellius and lay claim to his rule. Vespasian’s assumption of the empire, chronicled in this short biography by Suetonius, marked the start of the Flavian dynasty.

Suetonius’ account of the life of Nero does not shy away from the emperor’s alleged barbarism. In this biography from The Twelve Caesars, the Roman historian recounts numerous examples of Nero’s narcissism, perversion, and cruelty. It is from this account that we get the legend that Nero “fiddled as Rome burned.” When the heirless emperor ended his own life, it marked he fall of the Julio-Claudian empire and led to rejoicing in the streets.

Augustus adopted Tiberius as his heir after noting his success in military campaigns across Germany. Tiberius was reluctant to take rule, however, and gained a reputation as “the exile” after he sent himself on an eight-year, self-imposed exile to Rhodes. Eventually he did take control of the empire, but he gained a reputation for cruelty which led Rome to rejoice at his eventual death. In this excerpt from The Twelve Caesars, Roman biographer Suetonius digs deep into both the conquests and character of Tiberius.

Galba was the first emperor in the infamous Year of the Four Emperors. After Nero’s suicide, which marked the death of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, Galba took control of the empire. A mere seven months later, he was assassinated. This short biography comes from Suetonius’ The Twelve Caesars and deals largely with Galba’s brief rule amid the first Roman civil war.